烧结矿质量与高炉技术经济指标

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,烧结矿质量与高炉技术经济指标,许满兴,北京科技大学,1.,烧结矿在高炉冶炼中的地位和作用,2.,品位和,SiO,2,的地位和作用,3.R,（,CaO/SiO,2,）的作用和影响,4,.Mg,O,的作用和影响,5.Al,2,O,3,的作用和影响,6.FeO,的作用和影响,7.,有害元素的控制,1,.,烧结矿在高炉冶炼中的地位和作用：,烧结矿成本的高低和质量的优劣直接关係到高炉炼铁的成本和钢铁产品的质量。,1,）炉料结构中的比例,(70%-80%),2,）质量的影响(高炉冶炼的效果乃至影响到钢和材的质量）,3,）对成本和效益的影响（生铁的成本以至企业的效益）,2,.,品位 和,SiO,2,的地位和作用,1,）品位降低,1%,的价值计算：,（焦比,1.5%,，产量,2.5%,吨铁矿比）,焦耗,8 kg,（,12,元），产量下降,25Kg,（,5,元），矿比增加,30kg,（,30,元），累计,47,元。,2,）,SiO,2,降低,1%,的价值计算,：,1%,的,SiO,2,增加,3035kg,渣量,标准值：烧结矿,SiO,：,5%0.5%,影响烧结矿质量,表,1,国内外,几种铁矿石的化学成分,NO,成份,矿种,T,Fe,FeO,CaO,SiO,2,Al,2,O,3,MgO,CaO/SiO,2,备注,1,宝钢烧结矿,57.83,6.91,9.21,5.85,1.57,1.53,1.57,2,邯钢烧结矿,53.5,7.91,11.40,7.08,1.53,3.90,1.61,3,水冶球烧矿,56.51,9.75,13.32,5.73,-,1.86,2.15,4,酒钢球烧矿,54.40,15.99,4.15,11.53,2.81,3.14,0.36,低,R,5,石钢烧结矿,59.26,14.42,4.23,7.05,1.89,3.70,0.60,低,R,6,攀钢烧结矿,46.63,9.83,8.86,5.80,4.79,3.91,1.53,7,萍钢烧结矿,42.31,9.20,16.85,10.96,-,4.26,1.537,表,2,国内外,几种铁矿石的熔滴性能,NO,熔滴性能,矿种,Ts,（,),Td,（）,T,（）,P,max,(9.8pa),残留物,（,g,）,S,值,(Kpa,),备注,1,宝钢烧结矿,1443,1465,22,230,-,38.8,2,邯钢烧结矿,1454,1477,23,520,48,105.94,3,水冶球烧结,1345,1442,97,200,-,142.59,4,酒钢球烧矿,1299,1409,110,193,20,154.15,低,R,5,石钢烧结矿,1323,1423,100,138,20,86.24,低,R,6,攀钢烧结矿,1175,1470,295,770,-,2081.52,7,萍钢烧结矿,1330,1565,235,930,-,2141.79,表,3,不同品位铁矿石的价值,铁矿石品位,(%),综合燃料比,（,kg/t,）,渣铁比,(kg/t),铁矿石价值元,/t,1%,铁分价值,(,元,),40,1570,2688,104,2.60,45,1290,2014,25,0.56,50,1063,1470,55,1.10,55,870,1020,137,2.49,60,717,644,218,3.63,65,585,325,300,4.62,表,4,酒钢高炉不同入炉矿品位的冶炼效果,入炉矿,品位,(%),SiO,2,含量,(%),渣量,(kg/t),吨铁用矿量,(kg/t),降低焦比,(kg/t),增加产量,(%),54.46,8.29,443,1745,(410),-,56.92,6.53,353,1669,380,6.15,56.92,6.77,361,1669,380,6.15,56.92,7.09,340,1669,380,6.15,57.55,6.58,328,1650,376,7.725,57.44,6.29,319,1640,374,8.70,表,5,铁矿石不同,SiO,2,含量对高炉冶炼指标的影响,入炉矿,SiO,2,含量,(%),入炉矿品位,(%),吨铁矿,石用量,(kg/t),渣铁比,(kg/t),渣量增长,比例,(%),燃料比,变化,(kg/t),高炉产量,变化,(%),3.5,63,1508,233.5,0,490,0,4.5,60,1583,283.0,+21.2,520,7.5,5.5,57,1667,344.6,+47.5,560,15.0,6.5,54,1759,406.0,+73.9,600,22.5,7.5,51,1863,479,+105.1,650,30.0,表,6,高,SiO,2,铁矿石对高炉冶炼指标和经济效益的影响,高,SiO,2,矿配,入比例,(%),入炉矿,SiO,2,变化,(%),渣量,增长,(kg/t,),入炉矿品,位变化,(%),吨铁矿石,用量,(kg/t),燃料比变化,(kg/t),高炉产量变化,(%),基准,4.5,4.5,283,60,1583,490,0,T,Fe,55%,15%SiO,2,配,10%,6.0,343,59.5,1596.6,500.3,-2.7,15%SiO,2,配,20%,7.5,506.1,59.0,1610.2,528.2,-10.04,15%SiO,2,配,30%,9.0,617.6,58.5,1623.9,547.4,-15.06,15%SiO,2,配,40%,10.5,729.1,58.0,1637.9,592.9,-20.07,表,7,品位和,SiO,2,对高炉冶炼指标的变化,企业名称,年份,烧结矿质量,入炉矿品位（,%,）,渣铁比,kg.t,-1,高炉技术经济指标,T,Fe,（,%,）,SiO,2,(%),利用系数,（,t,m,3-1,d,-1,）,综合燃料比（,kg,t,-1,）,宝钢,2000,59.07,4.51,60.35,255,2.255,500,2006,58.45,4.69,59.802,260,2.311,462.0,鞍钢,2000,52.68,7.57,54.79,470,1.887,577,2006,57.54,5.07,59.693,290,2.155,501.2,太钢,2000,55.17,6.70,56.51,380,2.070,512,2006,58.46,4.75,59.446,285,2.193,492.4,3.,R,的作用和影响,1,）,R,是决定烧结矿矿物组成的基本因素，最佳碱度,范围为,1.92.3,2,）,R,的影响：,R,降低,0.1,影响焦比和产量各,3%3.5%,4.,Mg,O,的作用和影响,1,）,MgO,的作用,2,）高,MgO,对烧结矿质量的负面影响,表,8,碱度,对,烧结矿,RI,和,RDI,的影响,烧结矿种,CaO/SiO,2,900,还原性,RI,（,%,）,500,低温还原粉化（,%,）,RDI,3.15,首钢烧结矿,1.09,71.5,16.5,1.34,75.0,13.5,1.68,82.5,9.6,2.00,89.5,8.5,太钢烧结矿,1.31,81.0,43.0,1.78,86.5,39.2,1.96,96.0,37.9,2.15,89.5,24.3,CaO/SiO,2,配,C,FeO,CaO/SiO,2,配,C,FeO,1.40,5%,11%,1.40,7%,15.7%,1.70,5%,7.9%,1.70,7%,10.6%,2.10,5%,6.8%,2.10,7%,9.2%,表,9,碱度对烧结矿,FeO,的影响（,武钢的试验数据,）,表,10,MgO,含量对烧结,指标,的影响,CaO/SiO,2,MgO,（）,利用系数,t/m,2,h,成品率（）,燃耗,kg/t,转鼓,（）,SFCA,（）,RI,（）,1.80,2.0,1.448,71.34,70.98,63.33,26.24,77.12,1.80,1.5,1.555,73.90,69.00,66.67,80.10,1.80,1.00,1.473,72.69,68.79,68.67,28.29,80.75,1.90,2.00,1.474,74.02,68.13,65.20,30.08,79.12,1.90,1.50,1.585,72.78,68.70,67.33,31.15,81.56,1.90,1.0 0,1.608,75.71,66.04,68.40,32.94,85.51,5,.Al,2,O,3,的作用和影响,1,）,Al,2,O,3,的作用：,SFCA,的化学式,5CaO.2SiO,2,.9(Al.Fe),2,O,3,2,）高,Al,2,O,3,对烧结矿质量的影响,：（冷强度，,RDI,）,6,.,FeO,的作用和影响,1,）,FeO,的作用（,FeO,和,SiO,2,形成烧结矿的渣相，强度）,2,）高,FeO,对烧结矿质量的影响（,RI,，焦比，产量）,表,11,某钢铁企业,进口,高,Al,2,O,3,铁矿粉和炉渣的化学成分,样品号,配碳量,%,烧结,温度，,转鼓，,%,还原粉,化率，,%,900,还原率,%,FeO,%,1,2.8,1225,54.23,29.80,35.11,5.26,2,3.3,1265,69.17,21.18,33.62,6.39,3,3.3,（保温）,1290,72.85,18.95,34.75,6.85,4,4.0,1315,73.52,24.92,32.87,8.24,5,4.2,1340,75.58,25.67,31.06,10.40,6,5.0,1360,72.37,29.91,29.85,11.08,项目,TFe,SiO,2,Al,2,O,3,CaO,MgO,FeO,CaO/,SiO,2,铁矿粉,60.0,6.0,4.0,0.20,0.10,-,0.03,炉渣,-,32.23,18.98,35.05,10.38,-,1.087,表,12,FeO,不同对,烧结矿冶金性能的影响,7,.,有害元素的控制：,S,、,P,、,K2O,、,NaO,、,Pb,、,Zn,、,Cu,、,As,、,Ti,、,Cr,、,Ni,、,Cl,S,：钢铁材热脆 矿,0.3%,，铁,0.030%,P,：钢铁材冷脆 矿,0.07%,，铁,0.12%,K2O+NaO,：炉料易熔易凝和焦炭熔损 矿,0.20%,，碱负荷,3kg/t,Pb,：破坏炉墙和炉底炉缸，蒸汽中毒 矿,0.1%,Zn,：破坏炉衬，堵塞煤气管道 矿,0.1%,Cu,：降低钢铁材的强度 矿,0.2%,As,：破坏环境和人的呼吸器官 矿,0.07%,Ti,：影响渣铁流动性和烧结矿质量 矿,0.4%,Cr,：影响渣铁流动性和钢的焊接性能 矿,0.5%,Ni,：同,Cr,Cl,：破坏环境和损坏金属构件 矿,0.001%,谢谢大家！,