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Unit 3 Fascinating Parks,Learning About Language,Unit 3 Fascinating Parks,转化,指一个词从一种词,类,转化为另一种词类而词性不变。,Examples,：,water,book,hand,present,转化 指一个词从一种词类转化为另一种词类而词性不变。,I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.,I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge.,Im in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park,a place with no roads or towns.,Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park,no one else can live here,and all new development is banned within park boundaries.,I wake up to the sound of the,buffet v.,buffet n.,edge v.,edge n.,ban v.,ban n.,remote adj.,remote n,.,A the outer limit of an object,B an official or legal prohibition,C a meal with several dishes from which people serve themselves,D move carefully towards something,E far from,not close,F officially or legally prohibit,G(especially of wind or wave)strike repeatedly with a lot of force,H(informal)a device for controlling something else from a distance,1 G 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 F 6 B 7 E 8H,Activity 1,buffet v.A the outer limit of,派生,：是通过,添加前缀或后缀,构成另一个词，例如,patient(adj.),加否定意义的前缀,im-,构成,important(adj.),或者改变词性的后缀,-ly,构成,patiently(adv.),。,合成,：是由,两个或两个以上的词,合成一个词，例如,everyday,handshake,。,派生：是通过添加前缀或后缀构成另一个词，例如patient,Why did the number of Siberian tigers decrease?,What resulted in a visible population increase of the species?,How many tigers and leopards are in the area now?,What was the problem facing a growing number of the species?,Do you think it is worth setting up the new park?Why?,Why did the number of Siberian,Getting here is quite difficult.,getting here,在句中作,主语,，描述具体的行为，谓语动词是,“,is”,。,Being in such a beautiful and place makes me feel blessed to be alive.,being in such a beautiful and wild place,在句中作,主语,，描述具体的行为，谓语动词是“,makes,”,。,Activity 1,Getting here is quite difficul,功能,句子,作定语,I wake up to the sound of the wind,buffeting the cloth of my tent.,Close by,there are a few reindeer,feeding on grass.,作主语,telling whether it is morning or night,is impossible.,Getting here,is quite difficult.,For hundreds of years,looking after reindeer,was a way of life for the Sami.,Being in such a beautiful and wild place,makes me feel blessed to be alive.,作状语,Spreading out before me,branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.,Around 9,000 years ago,this ice melted,leaving behind about 100 glaciers.,But every spring,a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek,living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions.,Here I am,alone under the broad sky,breathing the fresh air,and enjoying this great adventure.,作宾补,For exampleand some sweet and sour berries that I found,growing near my tent.,功能句子作定语I wake up to the sound,动名词做主语,英语中的非谓语动词包括,:,动名词,现在分词,过去分词和动词不定式,。无论它们在句中作什么成分,都保持着自己本身的属性和特点。,动名词,:,具有名词功能,常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。,现在分词,:,表主动和正在进行,常在句中作定语,状语补语等。,过去分词,:,表被动和完成,常在句中作定语,状语,补语等。,动词不定式,:,表示将来和具体某一次的动作,常在句中作主语,、,宾语,、,表语、定语、状语、补语等。,动名词做主语,1,、动名词的特点,(1),动名词是从动词变化而来的,所以它保留了动词的某些特征,动名词不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语,还有时态和语态的变化。,(2),动名词最大的特点是它相当于一个,名词,因此,动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。,1、动名词的特点,语态,时态,主动,被动,肯定,否定,肯定,否定,一般式,doing,not doing,being done,not being done,完成时,having done,not having done,having been done,not having been done,2,、动名词的时态和语态,语态主动被动肯定否定肯定否定一般式doingno,3,、动名词作主语,动名词由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。,(1),单个的动名词,(,短语,),作,主语,时,句子的谓语动词需要用,单数,。,(2),有些句子为了保持平衡,避免头重脚轻,用,it,作形式主语,把真正作主语的动名词,(,短语,),后置。,(3),There be+no+,动名词,(,短语,),3、动名词作主语,It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.,Studying,abroad is both challenging and rewarding.,Activity 2,It is both challenging and rew,It would hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold.,Going,on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold would hardly be possible.,It would hardly be possible to,Honestly,it can be both exciting and territying to explore a vast unknown land.,Honestly,exploring,a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying.,Honestly,it can be both excit,It is good to adopt a positive attitude,even when things are difficult,.,Adopting,a positive attitude is good,even when things are difficult.,It is good to adopt a positive,It is strongly advised to hire local guides,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history.,Hiring,local guides is strongly advised,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history.,It is strongly advised to hire,用,it,作,形式主语前置,、,不定式作主语后置,时，句子侧重于,表语部分,，强调,行为的特征、状态或给人的感受,。,动词,-ing,形式作主语前置时，句子侧重于,主语部分,强调,行为本身的具体内容,。,用it作形式主语前置、不定式作主语后置时，句子侧重于表语部分,Xixi National Wetland Park,covering,10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou,is the first national wetland park in China.,Combining,city life,nature,and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents.At Xixi,taking,a boat tour,walking,along paths,and,experiencing,local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of people,s favourite activities.With trees,bushes,and
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