英语中简单句的基本句型课件

Basic Sentence Patterns,简单句基本句型,Basic Sentence Patterns 简单句基本,句子的成分,Members of the Sentence,句子的成分Members of the Sentence,句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，包括：主语,、,谓语、表语,、,宾语,、,宾语补足语,、,定语和状语。,主语,和,谓语,是句子的主体部分。,句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句,主语,The Subject,主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示句子所说的是“,什么人,”或“,什么事物,”，一般由,名词、代词、不定式,或相当于,名词的词或短语,等充当。主语一般在,句首,。,主语The Subject主语是谓语讲述的对象，,Gina is from Australia.,Lucy is an American girl.,She often goes to the movies.,We study in No.1 Middle School.,The classroom is very clean.,Three plus five equals eight.,To teach them English is my job.,It is my job to teach them English.,不定式作主语时，常用形式主语,it,句型,Gina,Lucy,She,We,The classroom,Three plus five,To teach them English,Gina is from Australia.,谓 语,The Predicate,说明主语,“做什么”、“是什么”,或者“,怎么样,”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须用,动词,。谓语和主语在,“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。,谓语一般在主语,后,面。,谓 语The Predicate 说明主语“做什,We,are,both,quiet,.,He,has a toothache,.,His parents,are teachers,.,She,looks well,.,We,study,hard.,We,have finished,the job.,He,can speak,English.,are quiet;has a toothache;are teachers;looks well;study;have finished;can speak,We are both quiet.,表 语,The Predicative,说明主语“,是什么”,或者“,怎么样,”，由,名词、形容词,或,相当于名词或形容词的词或短语,等充当，和系动词一起构成谓语。,一般在,系动词后面,。,表 语The Predicative,Her mother,is,a bank clerk.,Are,you ready?,Our country,is,getting stronger.,You,look,younger than before.,They,are,at home now.,My book,is,on the desk.,Everybody,is,here.,a bank clerk;ready;getting stronger;younger;at home;on the desk;here,Her mother is a bank clerk.,宾 语,The Object,表示,动作、行为的对象,，由,名词、代词,或,相当于名词的词或短语,等充当，和,及物,动词一起说明主语“做什么”。,一般在,谓语之后,。,宾 语The Object 表示动作、行,All of us like,him,.,Hes playing,soccer,.,Can I ask some,questions,?,She is playing,the piano,now.,He often helps,me,.,Lucy likes,to sleep,in the open air.,We enjoy,living,in China.,him;soccer;questions;the piano;me;to sleep;living,All of us like him.,定语,The Attribute,用来修饰,名词,或,代词,。由形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等充当。,因为名词、代词既可做主语，又可做表语、宾语，所以定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。,定语The Attribute 用来,I have something,to do,.,Whats,your,name,please?,Shes a,good,basketball player.,The girl,behind the tree,is my sister.,The,little,boy gave me a,big,apple.,The,black,bike is mine.,They made,paper,flower.,to do;your;good;behind the tree;little,big;black;paper,I have something to do.,状语,The Adverbial,用来修饰,动词,、,形容词,或,副词,，一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，通常由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语等来充当。,状语The Adverbial 用来,People are,all,working,hard,.,Beijing is not,very,cold,in winter,.,He did it,carefully,.,Without,his,help,we couldnt work it out.,Suddenly,it began to rain.,He sat,there,smoking,.,all,hard;very,in winter;carefully;Without his help;Suddenly;there smoking,People are all working hard.,补 语,英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。“宾语+宾语补足语”合称复合宾语。宾语补足语主要用来说明宾语的特征、状态或身份，主要由形容词、名词、副词、介词短语、分词等充当。,补 语 英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表,I found it,very difficult,to find work.,Yesterday he got his leg,broken,.,We found Lily,out,when we arrived.,The boss kept them,working,all day.,I saw a stranger,enter the building,.,If you let me go,I will make you,king,.,Leave the door,open,.,very difficult;broken;out;working;enter the building;king;open,I found it very difficult to f,基本句型,S+Link.V+P 主+系+表,S+Vi,.主+谓,S+Vt+O 主+谓+宾,S+Vt+Oi+Od 主+谓+间接宾+直接宾,S+Vt+O+C 主+谓+宾+宾补,基本句型S+Link.V+P 主+系+表S+Vi.,1.主语+系动词+表语（S+Link.V+P），说,明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份。,You,are,students.,We,are,in the classroom.,We,are,good friends,arent we?,常用系动词有：be,seem,keep,stay,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,become,get,turn等。,1.主语+系动词+表语（S+Link.V+P），说You,2.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi.),They study hard.,注：,不及物动词不能用于被动语态。,The car accident was happened,yesterday.,You will graduate next year.,The sun rises in the east.,2.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi.)They stu,3.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt+O）,I like my job very much.,He grew some vegetables.,Each of you has a dream.,注：及物动词可用于被动语态,A great deal of water is used by,people in that city.,People use a great deal of water in that city,.,（,主动语态,）,（,被动语态,）,3.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt+O）I li,4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,(S+Vt+O,i,+O,d,),Who can find the eraser for me?,Pass the eraser to me.,bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,sing,save等。,常跟双宾语的动词：,Who can find me the eraser?,Pass me the eraser.,4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 Who can f,They named the dog,Bobo,.,I find him,interesting,.,You should get him,to help,you,.,We saw them,dancing,.,5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补(S+Vt+O+C),注：可用作宾补的词有：名词、形容词、,副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词。,They named the dog Bobo.We saw,简,单,句,的,基,本,句,型,1.主语+系动词+表语,2.主语+不及物动词,3.主语+及物动词+宾语,4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语,+直接宾语,5.主语+及物动词+宾语,+宾 语补足语,1.主语+系动词+表语2.主语+不及物动词 3.主语+及物动,句子成分随堂练习,找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分,Last week I went to the supermarket.,Last week,I,went,to the supermarket,.,状,主 谓 状,The play was very interesting.,The play,was,very,interesting,.,主 系状表,I cant hear a word.,I,cant hear,a word,.,主谓 宾,They were talking loudly.,They,were talking,loudly,.,主 谓 状,Last week I went to the superm,It was Sunday.,It,was,Sunday,.,主 系 表,I never get up early on Sundays.,I,never,get up,early,on Sundays,.,主状谓状状,I looked at the young man and the young woman angrily.,I,looked at,the young man and the,主