口译技巧预测听辨

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,口译技巧,预测、听辨、逻辑分析,预测,（,Prediction),听辨，预测关键词（,key words,）,词汇层面：名词、动词等实词,1.,预测词语搭配,随着中国综合国力的,_,和国际地位的,_,中国在国际舞台上越来越令人瞩目。,（国力增强,enhance the comprehensive national strength,，地位提高,improve its international status,）,With the improvement of its comprehensive national strength and its international status,China is now increasingly remarkable in the international arena.,类似的搭配有“加快改革开放，打开了解世界的窗户，提高机会，促进发展”等。,The United States and China have made great progress in building a relationship that can _ the challenges of our time,_ global prosperity and _ the cause of peace.,(meet,promote,maintain,应对挑战，迎接挑战，促进繁荣，维护和平）,2.,预测表达方式,译员听到“文化在促进国际关系中的作用,”,“,作用”这个词英语的习惯表达方式“,to play a role in.,。”,又如当听到”我代表中国政府和人民，对布什总统来华访问表示热烈欢迎”。译员从“代表。“可以预测出英语的习惯表达结构为”,On behalf of,I extend myto”,篇章层面,3.,预测主要成分,从语篇的上下文中预测出说话人将要表达的信息，从而获得相应的语言表达方式或主要成分，如主语，谓语部分。,例如：神州,5,号的发射是一次壮举，它显示了中国的太空科技几经,_.,“,达到很高水平，处于世界前列”,Practice 1,中国国际旅行社为各位安排了富有中国民族文化特色的,_,旅游线路。,各位将要游览举世闻名的景点和,_,，参观雄伟的,_,，观赏珍贵的,_,。你们还将有机会欣赏中国,_,，品尝中国,_,。我国人民传统的热情和好客将使各位的访问愉快而又,_,。（,interesting,places of interest,ancient buildings,Chinese cultural relics,operas and circus performances,cuisine and local snacks,memorable),有趣的,古建筑群,中国文物,戏剧和杂技表演,烹调和地方风味小吃,难忘,名胜,Practice 2,我非常高兴能在此会见来自大洋彼岸的加拿大商业界的朋友。“,_,。”这句中国古话可以表达我此刻的心情。,中国政府十分重视同加拿大双边经贸关系的发展，并且非常赞赏加中贸易理事会为加强我们这两个伟大国家商业界的联系而做出的,_,和起到的桥梁作用。我感谢理事会所有成员为促进加中贸易所做出的努力。加拿大是一个工业发达、资源,_,的国家，中国则是一个劳动力充足、,_,的国家。我们希望看到加拿大的企业能够充分利用自己在技术和财力上的优势，赢得中国市场。,(It is always a pleasure to greet a friend from afar;efforts/endeavors,abundant,a huge market),有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎,努力,丰富,市场巨大,Permit me to say again this evening:,Let us act according to the principle of mutual respect and_,to the principle of both dignity and fairness.It is certainly in the fundamental interest of our people to trade and be friends with the Chinese people.We are very _ by your modernization program,an ambitious undertaking which makes our future _ relationship very _.China today,I understand,is taking a practical and _ approach and we wish you success and offer you our cooperation in this great endeavor.,mutual benefit,impressed,cooperation,promising,effective,听辨,(Perception),1,、听力训练与口译听辨的区别,听力训练,听辨训练,口译要求,区别,1,注重语言层面，如语音、语调、语言的表达及用法。,注重意思，即说话者的意图而非具体的词句表达。,译员听完一段话后注重语意整体，而非词句的简单集合。,区别,2,启动听觉系统,启动听觉系统的同时要启动理解机制，记忆机制。,要求边听，边分析，边理解，边记忆，要“一心多用”。,区别,3,听力训练中信息接收时被动和跟随性的，对信息的反映略带滞后。,听辨过程要积极主动，要进行预测和判断。,要求对所听信息要进行分析、整理、补充和联想。,2.,听辨技巧,1,）在听完一段话后，在不记笔记的情况下进行复述,(,用原语）。听的时候，注意力集中在整段话的逻辑意思上。复述时将意思和逻辑关系表达正确完整即可。,2,）在听辨训练初级阶段，可采用就所听内容进行提问的方式建立逻辑关系。可将注意力集中在,what,who,when and where,how and why,等几个要素上，增强逻辑分析意识，跟上说话人的思路。,Practice,Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea.People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like,mainly because tea was very expensive.It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity.Some of them were not sure how to use it.they thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves.Then they served them mixed with butter and salt.They soon discovered their mistakes but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.,General idea:,Compared with the Chinese,people in Europe,particularly in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like,and how to use it.they cooked tea leaves as a vegetable and served them with butter and salt and even made them part of childrens sandwiches.,3,）,抓关键词语,(keywords and expressions),表达信息的关键词语当属实意词,即名词、动词、形容词和副词。在英语口语中,关键词语往往重读。译员抓住了关键词语,整个段落就如“纲举目张”,迅速被译员理解。,口译篇章可能遇到的关键词参考,1,，,与经济、金融等相关的数字题：,失业率、失业数字（,jobless,unemployment rate,lay off,）,通货膨胀、通货紧缩（,inflation,deflation,）,股指（,Dow Jones,Nasdaq,S&P,（标准普尔,500,指数）,油价（,oil price,crude oil,barrel,OPEC(,石油输出国组织）,房地产市场（,real estate,）,汇率（,exchange rate,）,利率（,interest rate,）,2,，,现代人的健康问题,饮食（,diet,）,运动（,exercises,sedentary,（久坐不动的,)lifestyle,）,吸烟等不良生活方式（,caffeine,tobacco,nicotine,drug abuse,滥用药品,substance dependence,药物依赖）,压力（,stress,）,肥胖症（,obesity,overeating,calorie,）,与家庭成员和朋友相聚,(a family reunion),旅行与度假,(travelling and vacation),3,，,对现代科技的正反两方面讨论,电视,互联网（,addiction,e-commerce,privacy,fraud,）,社交网站（,social networking,anonymity,匿名,virtual reality,）,通讯设备（,convenience,face-to-face communication,）,新兴媒体（,emerging media,advertising,）,高科技与教育的结合（,teenager,adolescent,budget,online courses,）,4,，,职场指南,就业市场（,school leaver,recruitment,competition,）,面试诀窍（,interviewing tips,）,与同事、上级沟通（,colleague,supervisor,superior,）,提高工作效率（,efficiency,productivity,）,5,，,自然灾害等突发新闻,伤亡情况（,die,injure,missing,hospitalize,homeless,seek temporary shelter,）,对交通、电力、学校、商家等的影响（,blackout,cripple,paralyze,delay,cancel,）,交通事故及其原因（,road accident,causes,）,6,，,对热点问题的讨论,救市,bailout,限薪,salary cap,创造就业机会,creating job opportunities,资源与环保（,scarcity,strain,carbon