简单句和并列句导学案

简单句和弁列句导学案士士学习目标.1. Try to master their structures and usage.2. Try to learn some useful patterns.学习重点1. The different types of the sentence patterns.2. Master the usage of some typical patterns.学习难点The usage of some typical patterns and how to use them properly.3学习过程Step1 ： tWj考考点探讨 1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型 ，在阅读理解中有时需划分句子成分去理解句意，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的水平是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。and, but, or,2、高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如: while ,以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。Step 2: LearningTask1 :句子种类两种分类法1、按句子的用途可分四种：1） 陈述句（肯定、否定） ：He is six years old; She didn hear of you before.2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意） ：Do they like skating? How old is he?Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can she?3） 祈使句： Be careful, boys; Don talk in class.4）感叹句：How clever the boy is!2、按句子的结构可分三种：1） :只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2） :由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。e.g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3） :含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.小组结论：了解句子分类有助于句子、语篇的理解和遣词造句。Task 2：简单句的五种基本句型+ There be句型1、主语 + 系动词 + 表语：e.g. He is a student.2、主语+不及物动词（状语）：e.g. We work （hard）.3、主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语：e.g. Henry bought a dictionary.4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（指人：间接宾语 +指物：直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car. =My mother bought a car to me.5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语 +宾补）：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh.6、There be 句型： eg. There are a lot of people waiting for the bus.小组结论：其他各种句子都可由这几种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。Task 3: and连接两个并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相对应地使用复数形式，但也有特殊情况（1）如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词，若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动词则要用复数。（2）如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味着一个人或事物，谓语动词要用单数。（3）当and连接的两个名词前都有each, every, many a, no等单数概念的限定词修饰时（第二个名词前的修饰词有时能够省略），谓语动词要用单数。小组结论：主语、谓语在人称与数上保持一致性。Task 4：并列句分为：联合并列句，转折并列句，选择并列句和因果并列句1 .联合并列句常由并列词and, not onlybutalso等连接，如：Use your hand, and you find a way.2 .转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接，如：I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.3 .选择疑问句常由并列连词 or, otherwise, eitheror等连接，如：Either you leave this house or I Call the police4 .因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore等连接，如：It was late, so we went home.5 .在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中，当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and;前后意思为相反关系时，用or,可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句，但必须将and或or去掉。如： Hurry up, and we llbe there in time.= If we hurry up, we llbe there in time.6 . because和 so; although, though 和 but 不能连用。Step3: Self test一、按要求改写下列各个句子。1 .Turning to the right, you will find the building you are looking for.（变为并歹U句 ）2 .The horse runs fast.（变为感叹句）3.It was raining, so they decided to put off the sports meeting.（ 变为简单句 ）4 .My mother hasn been to Beijing, nor has my father.（变为一个简单句 ）5 .Tom kept quiet about the accident, or he would lose his job.（ 变为简单句 ）6 .All of them can answer the question.（变为完全否定 ）二、选出最佳答案。1. What fruit is in season now? - Grapes and peaches,.（2008 宁夏）A.I know B.I think C.I see D.I feel.2.It is often said that the joy of travelling is in arriving at your destination in the journeyitself.（2008 江苏）A./,butB./,orC.not,or D.not,but.3.The artist was born poor,poor he remained all his life.（2008 重庆）A.andB.orC.butD.so4.Bill wasn happy about the delay of the report by Jason,and.（2008 辽宁）A.I was neither B.neither was I C.I was either D.either was I5.Hold on a moment I will go to your rescue.（2008 福建）A.or B.and C.but D.so6.I thought we dbe late for the concert,we ended up getting there ahead 0ftime.（2008 湖南）A.but B.orC.forD.so7.Stand over there you see the oil painting better.（2008 全国卷 II）A.but B.tillC.and D.orStep4: Homework三、用适当的并列连词填空。I.Hurry up,we be late for the train.2.1 am reading a novel,she is reading a letter.3.does Jack do his work well,he helps others with their work.4.She must be out,the lights are out.5.she did not speak clearly I did not hear well.6.I never saw him again,did I hear from him.7 .Use your head,you find a way.8 .Something went wrong with my bike this afternoon,I walked home.9 .We were about to leave it began to rain.10 .Li Ping doesn talk much,he thinks a lot.四、翻译下列句子。1 .高考前同学们常常学习到深夜。2 .我等你等了很久了。3 .玻璃很容易碎。4 .她听了这消息好象很平静。5 .他太累了，刚躺下就睡着了。6 .这家工厂每周生产一千辆小汽车。7 .请你把那本书递给我好吗？8 .我去找个人来帮你修理电脑。9 .我们感到我们的心在激烈的跳动。10 .有很多中国学生在国外留学。*0学习评价.自我评价：你完成简单句和并列句导学案的情况为：（）A.很好 B.较好 C. 一般 D.较差，&含学习注意,一1 .有些副词如 besides, moreover, therefore, however, nevertheless, consequently , furthermore 等也能够起 到并列连词的作用.2 .并列连词不能与从属连词混合使用误： Although he was sick, but he went on working.正： Although he was sick, he went on working.He was sick, but he went on working.He was sick, and yet he went on working.Although he was sick, yet he went on working.