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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Western,oceanic,culture,2,As we all know that the culture includes many tings such as habits,languages，literary works and so on.,Now I want to introduce something about the effects of Western oceanic culture on some of them.,3,4,5,1.,As they viewed videotapes and photographs of the,sunken leviathan,millions of people around the world could sense,her,mass,her,eerie quiet and the ruined splendor of a lost age.,当世界上千百万人观看这艘沉没巨轮的录象和照片时，他们都会感觉到它的巨大、它的沉寂以及它昔日的辉煌。,试设想，若离开语境，也不知“泰坦尼克”号及其沉没事件的海洋历史，上述译文将从何而来呢？,7,8,9,10,to find how the,wind,blows(看风向),to trim ones sail to the,wind,(见风使舵),to look out for,squalls,(提防危险),to raise the,wind,(筹款),to sail before the,wind,(顺风行驶),to sail against the,wind,(逆风行驶),to sail close to the,wind,(几乎顶风航行),12,13,14,15,Fish,作为海洋生态文化中出现频率最高的词语，常通过隐喻被转为其他语义。,For example：,a cold fish(冷漠的人),a loose fish(放荡不羁的家伙),a poor fish(愚蠢而又可怜的家伙),a queer fish(古怪的家伙),a shy fish(害羞的人),可见一个英语生物词语一旦被隐喻化，它造成认知和翻译障碍的可能性就成倍增加。,由,fish,参与构成的动词性成语或句子亦很多，如：,to be like a fish out of water(,处于逆境,),，,to cry stinking fish(,自揭家丑,),，,to drink like a fish(,牛饮,),，,to feed the fishes(,晕船,),，,to throw a sprat to catch a whale(,四两拨千斤,),。,Never fry a fish till its caught.(,别操之过急,),。,If you swear you will catch no fish.(,发誓赌咒，与事无补,),。,It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait.(,聪明人不上两回当,),。,The great fish eat up the small.(,弱肉强食,),。,The best fish smell when they are three days old.(,久住遭人嫌,),。,The best fish swim near the bottom.(,好鱼常在水底游,),。,Venture a small fish to catch a great one.(,欲取之，须予之,),等。,西方人也常用其他生物名称作比喻并构成成语或谚语。如：,mosquito,boat(,鱼雷快艇,),baby,flattop(,护卫航空母舰,),，,old,whale,(,老水手,),，,a,whale,of a difference(,天壤之别,),，the big,sharks,(垄断资本家)，a,shark,at bridge(桥牌高手)，to,shark up,money(骗取钱财)等。,英国著名诗人,雪莱在,Ode to the West Wind,（西风颂）,里赞颂西风是：“thou breath of Autumns being”,“drive my dead thoughts,to quicken a new birth”,“The trumpet of a prophecy!If winter comes,can spring be far behind?”英国地处北温带，属海洋性气候。,西风给英国带来的是温暖、湿润的春天气息，而没有汉语“西风”含有的“萧瑟、凛冽、凋零、反动”之意；所以西风颂实际上是对春的讴歌。,
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