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,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,常州大学外国语学院,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,考研辅导,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,考研辅导,考研,图画作文,作文四大要素,根据历年考题，首段应是图画描述，不应发表太多议论，否则属于跑题。,图画描述至少应有两句，根据大纲解析，如果图画只字未提，扣三分之一的分数；如果图画只描述一句，属于描述不充分，扣3分。,写作框架：,1,）第一段主要是描述图画中的信息和表达的含义。,2,）第二段的全文的重点，一般都是要求具体分析图画中暗含的社会现象，分析原因及影响。,3,）第三段的要求一般视具体的试题而定，有的要求给出自己的评论、有的要求举例、有的要求考生提出自己的建议以及针对现象应该采取的措施。,第一段套话如何描述,替换,picture,的词语,drawing,指用线条或色彩绘成的图画。,cartoon,指幽默或讽刺性漫画。,(amusing drawing in a newspaper or magazine, esp one that comments satirically on current events (,报刊上的,),漫画；（尤指）时事讽刺画。,),portrait,指肖像，只用于指人。,illustration,插画,描述图画的形容词,thought-provoking,发人深省的,enlightening,有启迪作用,/,使人感悟的,compelling/striking/intriguing,引人注目,/,引起兴趣,profound,含义深刻,=far-reaching implications,instructive,有益的,（,=informative,）（搭配,ADV: extremely, highly, most, particularly, quite,）,amusing,令人发笑的，,ridiculous,荒谬可笑的,illuminating,(particularly revealing or helpful),富有启发性的；很有助益的；,impressive,印象深刻的，,exaggerative,夸张的,修饰动词的副词：,graphically/,vividly,生动地,symbolically,象征性地,clearly /,explicitly,清晰地,subtly,巧妙地，精细地,寓意：,moral/ implications/ message,have a profound,implication,be pregnant with meaning,entertain a thought deeply,字幕:,Caption,:,words printed with an illustration or a photograph in order to describe or explain it,（附於插图、照片上的）说明文字,1) We are informed by the,caption,that “_”.,2,）,The,caption,reads/indicates that “_”.,第一句描述图画怎么写？,第一段常用首句句式,As is shown/ depicted/ portrayed in the picture/ cartoon,.,The picture above vividly describe.,The drawing above does demonstrate certain thought-provoking social phenomenon.,What does the author intend to convey by describing. is that .,As is shown in the picture,There is a man who is running on the playground.,On the playground runs a young man.,As is shown in the picture,there is a man who is running on the playground.,He is rushing to the final.,on the playground runs a young man,rushing to the final.,As is shown in the picture,There is a man who is running on the playground. He is rushing to the final.,The final is defined as another start.,On the playground runs a young man, rushing to the final，,which is defined as another start.,1,：As is shown in the cartoon, a candle is shining in the dark. It spreads brightness around itself.,2,：As is shown in the cartoon, in the picture stands a candle, spreading brightness around itself.,1,：As is shown above, a young man was asking his barber to have his hair cut like David Beckham.,2,：As is shown above, in the chair sits a young man, asking his barber to have his hair cut as cool as David Beckham.,1,：As is vividly depicted above, there is a bottle falling to the ground, the wine spil,t out. One man thinks its all over, while the other one thinks it still left a little.,2,：As is vividly depicted above, in the picture lies a bottle, falling to the ground with wine spilt out . One man who looks very sad thinks its all over, while the other one, happily rushing to the bottle, says it still left a little.,As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above,in the picture stands a boy, worried about disposing of nuclear waste, while his father instructs him to empty the dustbin in his room first. (33 words),As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above,in front of blackboard stands a teacher, teaching mathematics, however, one of her students,holds the opinion that,the knowledge he is learning might be outdated by the time hes in the job market,.,(42 words),As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above,in the classroon stands a teacher, asking her student to read a work of literature as if he were reading a long text-message, while the student feels rather unpleasant. (37 words),practice makes perfect,You should start your essay with,a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.,As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above, in,the middle of a room,sit,s,a boy,typing letters continuously and intensively,who totally ignored his mother staring at the monitor with a blank face,.,(35 words),You should start your essay with a brief account of,the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why,education,doesnt simply mean learning to obtain information.,You should start your essay with a brief account of,the increasin,g,use of the mobile phone in peoples life and explain the Consequence of overusing it.,第一段第二句由图片描述上升到,文字说明或寓意的阐释,由浅入深,之句型,Simple,and funny,as the,cartoon,is,it reflects that .,.,The picture implicitly,含蓄地，暗示地,raises the question of the importance of,.,The picture seems to be humorous at first glance/sight,，,but on second thoughts (=after reconsideration), you can find the fact that_.,The primary purpose of the pictures above is that due attention should be paid to .,As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above,in the picture stands a boy, worried about disposing of nuclear waste, while his father instructs him to empty the dustbin in his room first.,Simple and funny as the cartoon is, it reflects that the father intends to advise his son to do small things before undertaking big.,As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above,in front of blackboard stands a teacher, teaching mathematics, however, one of her students holds the opinion that the knowledge he is learning might be outdated by the time hes in the job market,.,The picture implicitly raises the question of the importance of the fundamental skills students learn in our classes.,As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above,in the classroon stands a teacher, asking her student to read a work of literature as if he were reading a long text-message, while the student feels rather unpleasant.,The primary purpose of the picture above is that due attention should be paid to the importance of basic skills.,看累了，练一个呗,You should start your essay with,a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.,As is vividly depicted in the cartoon above, in the middle of a room sits a boy, typing letters continuously and intensively, who totally ignored his mother staring at the monitor with a blank face.,The picture seems to be humorous at first glance，but on second thoughts, you can find the fact that,due to the wide use of computers and the development of Internet, more and more people like to chat on the Internet. We tend to pay more attention to electronic communication than to face-to-face contact.,You should start your essay with a brief account of,the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why,education,doesnt simply mean learning to obtain information.,You should start your essay with a brief account of,the increasin,g,use of the mobile phone in peoples life and explain the Consequence of overusing it.,第二段：,即主体段落,如何写？,主题句,（全段核心，全文关键）,The symbolic meaning of the picture is to show us that importance should be attached to.,The purpose of the drawer is to show us that due attention has to be paid to .,The picture illustrates the real meaning of .,Undoubtedly, the drawing has symbolically revealed a serious problem in our daily life, .,The purpose of the picture is to remind us of the fact that we should not neglect the significance of,.,过渡句(“原因如下” ）的表述,：,Several factors,(,both individual and social,), could account for the,(,negative/ positive,),phenomenon.,The reasons for the phenomenon may be complicated, but we can ,to a large extent,，,ascribe/ owe/attribute,(归结于) it,to,the following factors.,The purpose of the picture is to remind us of the fact that we should not neglect the significance of,fundamental skills,.,（主题句）,The reasons for the phenomenon can,be,attribute,d,to,the following factors.,（过渡句）,找原因！2-3条,1. 学习基础知识不但,能帮助我们获得,高等的技能，还能,培养我们的情操。,2. 基本技能永远不会,过时，因为它在,日常生活和工作中,仍然具有实用性,。,mastering the basic skills can not only help us acquire the advanced skills, but also cultivate our characters along the way we learn it.,the basic skills will never be out of date and they remain very practical in our daily life and work.,1. 掌握基础知识不但,能帮助我们获得,高等的技能，还能,培养我们的情操。,2. 基本技能永远不会,过时，因为它在,日常生活和工作中,仍然具有实用性。,下面具体指出几个原因，第一个原因可以用,Among the most important reasons cited by people is.,Obviously, a variety of complicated factors contribute to the phenomenon, with the following one being the foremost.,第二个原因可以用：,Another important reason is.,Also playing a part is.,第三个原因可以用：,The third reason, which can not be neglected, is that.,In addition, (名词) is also responsible for the phenomenon.,last but not least, .,Among the most important reasons cited by people is,that,mastering the basic skills can not only help us acquire the advanced skills, but also cultuvate our characters along the way we learn it.,Moreover,the basic skills will never be out of date and they remain very practical in our daily life and work.,(55 words),for one thing,for another,on the one hand,on the other hand,The picture illustrates the real meaning of dealing with trivial things first. （主题句）,Several factors,can,account for the,phenomenon.,（过渡句）,找原因1+2,1. 做小事不仅能够培养我们的情操，,而这正是做大事所需要的，而且还能,磨砺人的耐性。,2. 正如一句言语所说，细节决定成败，,成功往往取决于小事情上。,Doing small things can not only help us cultivate the good qualities that we need in undertaking important tasks, but also develop our patience.,As a proverb goes, it is detail that determines success, which was made up of by small things.,The picture illustrates the real meaning of dealing with trivial things first. （主题句）,Several factors,could account for the,phenomenon.,（过渡句）,For one thing, doing small things can not only help us cultivate the good qualities that we need in undertaking important tasks, but also develop our patience. For another, as a proverb goes, it is detail that determines success, which was made up of by small things. (66 words),practice makes perfect,You should start your essay with,a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.,The purpose of the picture is to remind us of the fact that electronic communication can,never,replace face-to-face contact.,（主题句）,The reasons for the phenomenon can,be,attribute,d,to,the following factors.,（过渡句）,找原因！2-3条,1. 网上聊天不能完全表达,自己的想法。,2. 网上聊天不能给人真实的,心里安慰。,When we chat with others online, we cannot express our feelings fully.,We know that body language plays an important role in our communication, but the electronic communication cannot do this.,1. 网上聊天不能完全表达,自己的想法。,(浪费时间，造成交流障碍),2. 网上聊天不能与面对面的,安慰相比。,(一个真正的拥抱远比文字好),Among the most important reasons cited by people is,that we cannot express our feelings fully when we chat with others online,.,A typical example is that co-workers tend to send e-mails or instant messages through the Internet even when they are sitting next to each other. As words can never convey the full message, it usually takes much more time and rounds of conversation than face-to-face communication,Moreover,We know that body language plays an important role in our communication, but the electronic communication cannot do this. For example, when we are sad, we need more love and warmth, a real hug from our parents or friends can mean much more to us than just words through electronic communication.,for one thing,for another,on the one hand,on the other hand,You should start your essay with a brief account of,the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why,education,doesnt simply mean learning to obtain information.,Undoubtedly, the drawing has symbolically revealed a serious problem in our daily life, education doesnt simply mean learning to obtain information.（主题句）,Several factors,could account for the,phenomenon.,（过渡句）,找原因1+2,教育不仅仅是信息的获得，还包括,实验技能 ，性格的发展，和同辈的,交流等。,The reason why education doesnt simply mean learning to obtain information is that education is not limited to the hard facts or theories students can learn from their textbooks or the Internet.,It relates to a wider scope ranging from the obtainment of practical skills to the development of characters, which are hard for students to learn simply by googling.,Consequently, comprehensive learning in schools that includes learning knowledge, conducting experiments and communicating with peers is what true education is.,列举影响,It will exert a profound influence.,The positive effects, which are widely accepted, can be listed as follows.,The negative effects, which are generally acknowledged, are presented below.,To begin with, to make matters worse, worst of all,1. 过度使用手机影响健康。,（走路使用手机过马路危险，举例。或导致近视）,2. 降低人与人之间交流的能力。,3. 影响文化水平。（汉字不会写）,The purpose of the picture is to remind us of the fact that we should not neglect,the consequence of overusing mobile phone.,The influence for the phenomenon may be complicated, but we can, to a large extent,，,attribute it to the following factors.,First,it leads to countless health problems including short sight,especially for children.,Whats more,the overusing mobile phone can change our lives patterns and undercut the ability of communication between people.,Last but not least, having access to the mobile phone in an early age can directly affect literary competence of Chinese new generation, who cant even write a complete composition without consulting their phones.,主体段落,万能角度,物质回报,.can provide people with not only delicious food but fashionable colthes and such benefits as comfortable dwellings and handsome aotomobiles.,individuals and organizations can make money, take profits and even obtain wealth by doing .,It can improve ones living standards and make an easy an comfortable life.,提供快捷信息,.provides people with up-to-date, concrete and accurate and vivid information.,.can shrink the distance between cities and even continents, smooth the communication between residents and rid of the barrier between people.,安全角度,. can shield people from various kinds of hazards ranging from injury, robbery, assaults.,.can secure peoples food, health and shelter.,身心角度,.can relieve not only pressure but also anxiety and such problem from isolation and solitude.,It can lessen peoples stress, pressure and tension.,It cultivates an optimistic view toward the world, and extends peoples life span.,.can also have added benefit of increasing ones knowledge, giving us a new perspective of the outside world.,受益角度,It can broaden ones mind, enrich ones experience, enhance vigor and put more enthusiasm to ones work.,有助成长和成功,people can obtain mental comfort or spiritual back from .,through . they cultivate the spirit of competition, participation and cooperation and finally find their own ways to fulfill their pursuit of happiness.,文化价值观,It can promote mutual understanding，narrow the gap between people.,the increasing cultural exchanges bring with it far greater rewards than culture itself.,第三段写作策略,结尾段落,考研写作，一般来说如果能用寥寥数字总结或概括全文，使阅卷老师对全文留下一个清晰完整的认识，对提高得分还是大有裨益的。,结尾段的写法有很多，常见的有：,主旨总结，提出建议，展望未来,等。但文无定法，我们设置可以用一个反问句来结束全篇，引发思考。,“建议” 四句话：1增强意识，2专家参与，3复杂性，4如何应对,The general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that . are essential.,This issue, researchers, scholars and experts are expected to work out up-to-date solutions to sth.,In view of the complexity of such an issue, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally.,In a sense, it is not why sth. exists in todays world but what we should do to cope with it.,展望未来法,对未来进行展望，句型倒是非常简单。一般只要使用条件状语从句就可以了，最常用的条件状语从句有：if more and more people use public transportation, air pollution will be better controlled and expenses will be reduced.,如果要把结尾写的精彩一些，可以考虑使用固定句型。,The more,people use public transportation,the better,air pollution will be controlled.,Were the trend to continue, the situation will go,from bad to worse,.,我们为父母做的越多，我们就能得到越多的心灵上的安慰和满足。,The more we do for our parents, the more comfort and satisfaction we acquire.,Were there no responsibility to support parents, we cant taste the real happiness of modern civilization.,If,引导的虚拟句中，如果动词有,were,，,had, should,则,if,可省略，这些词提前，构成倒装句。,如果没有了赡养父母的责任，我们就不能体会现代文明的真正幸福。,If there were no responsibility to support parents, we cant taste the real happiness of modern civilization.,Were there no responsibility to support parents, we cant taste the real happiness of modern civilization.,如果我中了五百万，我会把一半赠送给我的学生。,If I were to win 5 million yuan, I would donate half to my students.,W,ere I to win 5 million yuan,I would donate half to my students,.,如果我的朋友没有介绍我们认识，我就不会和老公结婚。,If my friend hadnt introduced us to know each other, I wouldnt have married my husband.,H,ad,nt,my friend introduced us to know each other,I wouldnt have,married my husband .,如果政府能够提供食物给孤儿，那会是一个显著的成就。,If the government should supply food to the orphans, it would be a remarkable achievement.,S,hould the government supply food to the orphans, I,t would be a remarkable achievement,.,Directions:Studythe following set of cartoons carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the cartoons, 2) interpret its meaning, and 3) point out its implications in our life,In the above cartoons, a young woman happily eats bananas and casually discards the peels on the street, unaware of the fact that such actions not only pollute the environment but also pose a danger to others. In the next illustration adisabled man struggles to properly dispose of the trash she has left behind. Despite the girls youth and beauty, it is the disabled man who is truly beautiful. True beauty comes from ones actions rather than ones appearance.,While most of us enjoy pretty appearances, it is more important to cultivate a clean and beautiful soul. Only such souls can create a genuinely beautiful society. ,Chinese traditionally uphold the virtues of modesty, generosity, broadmindedness, and politeness. Confucian teachings such as: “do not do to others as you would not want done to you” and “one should be delighted to hear criticism,” are wise and worthwhile. If people embody these teachings our society can only improve and progress. ,The thoughts of great minds like Confucius are also worth studying. His writings set fine and noble examples for us to follow. Another proverb thus comes to mind: in the company of three one always can find a teacher. We should always be willing and able to learn from those around us.,In the cartoon, a young, welldressed girl thew a banana peel onto the ground instead of the garbage bin. Afterwards an old, disabled man put it into the garbage bin. ,Being well dressed is of great importance in keeping a good appearance. The way a person is dressed helps him to have a good appearance, which conveys his confidence and attitudes towards life. However, we should always bear this in mind: dont judge a person by his appearance. Ones confidence and good impression on others does not usually develop from the way one dresses or looks, but the inner qualities one possesses. Because of this, the old man is displaying a more beautiful virtue even though he is disabled and somewhat ugly physically compa
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