轮胎均衡培训(静平衡&动平衡)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Mai 2006,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,*,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,1,均 匀 性,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,2,我们为什么要关心均匀性,对于客户来说,如果轮胎缺乏均匀性会引起四种类型的问题,异常,不规则的磨损,方向的不稳定,噪声,对于车辆结构和操纵的影响,(,振动,颤动和摆动,),均匀性基本原理,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,3,质量,刚度,形状,均匀性的三个表现形式,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,4,均匀性有,6,个基本类型,平衡,(,BS,BC,和,BD,),不圆度,(FR,),凸出,/,凹陷,(DF,),径向力的变化,(,VR,),锥度,(,CON,),横向力的变化,(,VL,),均匀性的分类,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,5,B,S,静平衡,平衡是由轮胎中重量分配不均匀引起的,静平衡能引起车轮振动和轮胎不均匀磨损,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,6,对车辆的影响,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,7,由部件厚度变化引起的,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,8,由部件厚度变化引起的,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,9,由部件厚度变化引起的,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,10,由不圆度引起的,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,11,KM,太短,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,12,KM,太长,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,13,KM,接头,胎侧接头,GI,接头,BAZ,搭接区域,等等,.,起始点位置,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,14,硫化前,KM,接头过厚,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,15,硫化后,局部质量,也过厚,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,16,B,S,静平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,17,M,R,BS=,x R,m,B,S,的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,18,1,turn of reel,轮胎转一圈,No contact,B,S,的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,19,静平衡是由质量的径向不平衡产生的,B,S,的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,20,举例,假设,:,一条,16,”,的轮胎,在相对,GI,接头,300,度的方位检测到不平衡,18,(,盎司英寸,),.,转化成补偿的计算,:,(,不平衡,数值,)/(,胎圈半径,)=18/8=2.25,(,盎司,).,每面,=2.25/2=1.125,(,盎司,)/,每面轮缘,补偿块方位角,=300,o,+180,o,=120,o,相对,GI,接头,B,S,的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,21,B,S,的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,22,B,C,力偶,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,23,BC,是由质量的横向不平衡引起的,B,C,力偶,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,24,BD,动平衡,动平衡是由两个独立成分构成的,它是静平衡和力偶的矢量和,.,BS,BC,它们是很重要的两个单独的矢量,它们有各个自的大小和矢量方向,.,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,25,平衡机,测量静平衡的矢量,测量力偶的矢量,计算每个面的合成矢量,:,上平面重量,=,0.5(BS,数值,)X,o,+,上平面力偶数值,Y,o,下平面重量,=,0.5(BS,数值,)X,o,+,下平面力偶数值,Z,o,BD,动平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,26,怎样计算矢量合,继续前面的例子,BS,值,=2.25 ounces,、每面,BS,值,=1.125 ounces,角度,120,o,BC,值,=0.8 ounces,60,o,在参考面,240,o,在非参考面,BD,动平衡的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,27,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BD,动平衡的计算,在参考面的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,28,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BC,值,0.8,方向,60,o,相对,GI,接头,BD,动平衡的计算,在参考面的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,29,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BC,值,0.8,方向,60,o,相对,GI,接头,计算两个矢量,:,移动两个矢量,(,保持角度,),BD,动平衡的计算,在参考面的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,30,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BC,值,0.8,方向,60,o,相对,GI,接头,计算两个矢量,:,移动两个矢量,(,保持角度,),BD,动平衡的计算,在参考面的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,31,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BC,值,0.8,方向,60,o,相对,GI,接头,计算两个矢量,:,移动两个矢量,(,保持角度,),合成矢量,在参考面我们得到的,BD,的值为,1.7,方向为,95,o(,相对,GI,接头,),BD,动平衡的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,32,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BD,动平衡的计算,在非参考面的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,33,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BC,值,0.8,方向,240,o,相对,GI,接头,BD,动平衡的计算,在非参考面的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,34,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BC,值,0.8,方向,240,o,相对,GI,接头,移动两个矢量,(,保持角度,),BD,动平衡的计算,在非参考面的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,35,BS,值,1.125,方向,120,o,相对,GI,接头,BC,值,0.8,方向,240,o,相对,GI,接头,合成矢量,在非参考面的计算,在非参考面我们得到的,BD,的值为,1.0,方向为,160,o(,相对,GI,接头,),BD,动平衡的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,36,动平衡是静平衡和力偶的矢量和,BD,动平衡的计算,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,37,+,=,a,b,c,d,a+c,b+d,BD,动平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,38,BD,动平衡,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,39,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,40,锥度是用于描述轮胎在运行中是否会发生偏移的一种参数。如果轮胎在行驶中向参考面偏移，则称为正锥。若向参考面的反方向偏移，则称为负锥。,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,41,图表说明在均衡机上检测到的侧向平均力是有规则的,DO,零点偏移,侧向力,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,42,这是在均衡检测机上测得的一个横向力的实例,正转时的平均横向力,:LS1=25 daN,反转时的平均横向力,:LS2=-20 daN,Conicity=(LS1+LS2)2,Conicity=(25+(-20)2,Conicity=2.5 DaN.,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,43,PLYS,报警用于检测轮胎的钢丝带束是否存在缺省或同角度现象,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,44,Plys:,在均衡机上是不分等级的,Plys:,通常是探测,NST,部件的,例如,:,单层,NST,、,NST,角度等。同时,NST,压延厚度、胎面厚度也会对它有影响。,Plys=(LS1-LS2)2,Plys=(25,(-20)2,Plys=22.5 kgs.,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,45,当轮胎翻转时，锥度的力的方向会发生变化,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,46,中心,胎筒,CARCASSE,NST2,摆放位置偏离中心,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,47,KM,挤出后厚度成锥形,DO,零点偏移,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,48,锥,DO,零点偏移,偏离中心,偏离中心,KM,截面不对称,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,49,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,50,VLCC,是轮胎横向力由一面向另一面交替变化,从而推动轮胎交替前行,.,低速时能导致轮胎摆动,.,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,51,胎筒中心,中心灯线,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,52,NST2,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,53,KM,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,54,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,55,Page 21,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,56,导致侧向力变化的一些原因,:,NST,的蛇形贴合,KM,的蛇形贴合,VLCC,侧向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,57,径向力变化是在轮胎圆周上当旋转轴与负荷轮的距离发生变化时而产生,.,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,58,径向力变化导致车辆振动和轮胎磨损,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,59,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,60,半径不变,轮,胎转一圈,径向变化,0,9,6,3,0,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,61,次谐波,分量,次谐波,分量,次谐波,分量,HARMONIC 1,HARMONIC 3,HARMONIC 2,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,62,转一圈,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,63,NC,张力,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,64,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,65,NC,反包位置,:,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,66,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,67,KM,压辊,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,68,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,69,在硫化机,模具,内胎胚偏心,轮胎最不圆处,VRCC,最大处,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,70,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,71,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity Team,72,VRCC,径向力变化,SWT/QO/Uniformity