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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,育英视频学习网:,中考英语语法,第十九讲 虚拟语气,判断是否虚拟,2.,判断虚拟类型,3.,判断虚拟时间,Pass!,虚拟语气应试对策,第一部分：什么是虚拟？,虚拟语气,表示说话人的所说的话,不是事实,，,一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在,条件从句,中或,让步状语从句,中)；,一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在,宾语从句,等名词性从句中)。,I wish you were more careful.,但愿你更细心一些。,条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。,真实条件句,所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。,非真实条件句,所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。,If it is fine tomorrow,I will go to visit my grandma.,If I were a bird,I would fly to America.,非真实条件句,If I had time,I would certainly join you in the tennis match.,（事实是：我没有时间）,我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。,If I were you,I would put her suggestion into account.,（事实是：我并不是你）,我要是你，我会考虑她的建议的。,非真实条件句,If I should have a chance to try it,I would do it in another way.,（假设的情况不大可能发生）,要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。,Even if they were to fail,they wouldnt lose courage.,（说话人不希望假设的情况发生）,即使他们万一失败，他们也不会泄气。,第二部分：if引导的虚拟语气,一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中,与,过去,事实相反的假设,与,现在,相反的假设,与,将来,相反的假设,虚拟条件句,主句,If+,主语+,Ved,（,be,用,were),If+,主语+,had+V,过分,If+,主语+,Ved,（,be,用,were),If+,主语+,were to+V,原,If+,主语+,should+V,原,主语,wouldV,原,(,should/could/might,),主语,would,V,原,(,should/could/might,),主语,wouldhave,+,V,过分,(should/could/might),I,would,buy an expensive,car,.,I,would,buy a villa.,I,would,travel around the,world.,If I,won the lottery,现在事实相反,If I _time last night,I _ to see the film with you.,had had,would have gone,过去事实相反,If he,_,more carefully,he _ the car accident yesterday,.,had driven,would not have had,Mark:100,I _,a party for you.,should get,If you,_,_,_,got,Were to get,a full mark next time,将来时相反,would hold,If I,were,you,I,would give,AIDS patient a hug.,If I,had taken,your advice,I,wouldnt have made,a mistake.,If it,rained,tomorrow,they,wouldnt go,for an outing.,现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,与将来事实相反,第三部分：宾语从句的虚拟,Wish,的宾语从句,现在：,过去：,将来,：,过去时（,were）,过去完成时,would/could/,might+V,.,I wish I,were,a bird,I wish I,hadnt made,such a mistake,We wish our parents,wouldnt punish,us.,1.,在,wish,的宾语从句中,用于宾语从句,I wish,从句结构,Example,与现在事实相反,一般过去式,I wish it,were,autumn now.,与过去事实相反,过去完成式,He wishes(wished)he,had not lost,the chance.,与将来事实相反,Would,Could +V.,原形,Might,I wish you,would come,soon.,I wish I,were,as tall as you.,I wish I,became,as famous as Yao Ming.,I wish I,were,a bird.,I wish I,could,fly like a bird.,I wish every day,were,my birthday.,现在时,He wish he,hadnt,eaten so much watermelon.,I wish the lunch time,would come,soon.,I wish it,would,rain tomorrow.,过去时,将来时,第四部分：建议、命令等的虚拟,2.,在表示建议，要求，命令的词,command,（命令）,demand,（要求）,desire,（希望，要求）,insist,（坚持）,order,（命令）,propose,（提议）,recommend,（推荐）,request,（要求）,require,（要求）,suggest,（建议），,后的宾语从句中：,“,(should)+,动词原形”,e.g,.,I suggest that we,(should),set off at once.,I demanded that he,(should,)answer me immediately.,一个坚持,insist,，,两个命令,order,command,，,三个建议,advise,suggest,propose,四个要求,demand,require,request,desire,注：以上动词的,名词,形式用于从句中，从句中的动词也是用“,(should)+,动词原形”,名词形式,suggestion,（建议）,motion,（动议）,proposal,（提议）,order,（命令）,recommendation,（推荐），,advice(,建议,),instruction(,指示、指令,),idea,（想法）,Eg,He proposed that we(should)set a dead line for the complement of the plan.,他,提议,拟定一个执行计划的期限。,They requested that we(should)send a delegation to their country.,他们,请求,我们派一个代表团到他们国家去。,I suggested that he(should)set off for our headquarters straightaway.,我,建议,他马上动身去我们的总部。,The instruction was that nobody be allowed to go to sleep until further orders.,指示,要求，任何人不得在接到进一步的命令之前去睡觉。,My suggestion is that he leave for London at once.,我的,建议,是他立即动身去伦敦。,What do you think of his proposal that we(should)put on a play at the English evening?,他的,建议是,我们在英语晚会上演一个剧,你觉得怎么样？,My,suggestion,that we(should)have a meeting has been accepted by others.,We all agree to that,suggestion,that the meeting(should)be put off,（延期）,.,第五部分：典型习题,PRACTICE 1,:,Fill in the blanks,.,a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.,b.If the world-war _(break)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?,c.If the policeman _(be not)in that room now,it _(be)very dangerous.,d.If I _(be)in your position,I _(ask)for teachers help.,were,would take,broke,would happen,were not,could be,were,would ask,PRACTICE 2:,Fill in the blanks,e.If Tom,_,(be)more careful in the,exam,he,_ _,(pass)it already.,f.If you,(get)up earlier,you,_ _,(catch)the first train.,g.If I,_,(meet)you yesterday,we,_ _,(go)to the concert together.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,had met,would have gone,PRACTICE 3:,Fill in the blanks,If there,(be)no natural,resource any more,we,_,(make),use of nuclear power.,b.What,_,(happen)if you,_,(get up)too late tomorrow?,should be,would make,would happen,should get up,
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