资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语短文改错解题技巧,短文改错口诀：,动词形，名词数，注意形和副；,非谓动词细辨别，习惯搭配要牢记；,句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。,人称和数要一致,，,注意引导词。,There was a time when Zhang Yi and I was good friends,but now we are like stranger.On his first day in our class two years ago,he had no one to talk to.I was first one to say hello to her,so we became friends.Zhang Yi did well in math or he was always ready to helping me with it.One day last month,I told him about that I would be away from school for two days to see a friend.But he told my father about it and that made me angrily.Now,I know I was wrong.I decide to say sorry for him,because I dont want to lose so a good friend.,were,strangers,the,and,angry,to,such,him,help,短文改错主要特点为：,1.,语言材料,:,取自于学生的作品，词数在,100-120,左右；,2.,短文题材,:,为常见话题或学生身边事，以书信、日记、记叙文为主；,3.,短文难度,:,符合学生水平，以考查学生书面表达中的常见错误为主；,4.,语言简单易懂，没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构；,5.,出题涉及面广，但是动词、名词的 考查较多，知识覆盖面广。,6,.“,三不考”：,标点符号、语序、单词拼写一般不作要求。,7.,近几年的新题型不再局限于每行一错，而是一行多错或多行无错。,短文改错中错误的基本类型,短文改错中错误可以分为两大类型：,语法错误,和,逻辑错误,。大多数是语法错误，少数是逻辑错误。,语法错误,又分为,词法错误,和,句法错误,。,句法中的错误主要注意特殊句型，复合句以及倒装句等。,多词,多词主要考查冠词、介词、连词、助动词、不定式符号,to,、词义重复、固定搭配以及行文逻辑等方面。,请同学们指出下面几句错在哪里？,1,He went there by the bike.,2,He was made the monitor of our class.,3,What a great progress he has made!,4.He likes skating in the winter,.,缺词,缺词考查内容与多词差不多，主要考查冠词,(,名词前,),、介词,(,不及物动词后或固定结构中,),、助动词、,be,动词、不定式符号,to,、连词、语义不完整等方面。,我们再来看下,2006,浙江卷,Im writing to ask you come to our class for a visit.,（,NMET 2006,浙江）,to,ask,sb,.to do,sth,.,因此在,you,后加,to,错词,错词考查较为复杂，所占比例最大，涉及内容广泛，包括各种易错词法、句法等语法现象。常考内容有冠词、名词单复数、介词、连词、助动词、动词时态、过去分词与现在分词、形容词与副词、词语辨析、主谓一致、逻辑一致、人称一致等等。,（,1,）名词单复数的一致，例如：,so well get good marks in all our,subject,（,NMET2009,）,此句中,subject,改成,subjects,_,subjects,（,3,）连词的误用,She was smiling but nodding at me.I,remembered,此句中,but,改成,and,_,and,名词考试的是,“数”,名词的单复数,带有名词的固定搭配,名词作定语与所有格,近几年短文改错题中，名词的考查重点主要是名词复数的使用。也就是名词该用复数时错用了单数。,例,1,Their word were a great encouragement,to me.,(NMET2009,第,85,题,),“,word”,应改为“,words”,_,words,我们可以看到要发现名词数的错误，,一方面要从结构上考虑，,另一方面还要借助语境进行分析。,动词考试的是,“形”,时态、语态,主谓一致,非谓语动词,动词的时态和非谓语动词的形式,Since the scenery was so,beautiful,the,time pass quickly.,passed,_,此句中,pass,改成,passed,非谓语动词,As we climbed the mountain,we fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories,.,简析此处应该是,fed,visited,told,三个,并列,的谓语动词，所以，,visiting,应该改成,visited,。,_,visited,Ill spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it,.,简析此处考查,spend(in)doing,结构，,reading,和,preparing,是并列成分，故,prepare,应该为,preparing,。,_,preparing,代词考查的是,“一致”,代词的指代一致,缺少物主代词,反身代词错用为宾格,热点：,it that(,which,what,以及,it),近几年短文改错题中所考查的代词主要是,人称代词、物主代词、不定代词和关系代词。,由于人称代词用来代替上文提到的人或物，因而这类错误同上下文具有密切的关系，一般较为隐蔽，不易被发现。,此句中的“,them”,应改为“,us”,。,例,1,The three of them were very,excited,as we(NMET2002,),us,连接词考查的是,“逻辑”,通常是并列与转折连词的逻辑错用,My English is very,poor,but,I have to study hard.,so,此处不是转折关系,近年来短文改错题中从句的测试点主要在引导词上，也就是说错误出现在从句的引导词上。,例,1 What things are in other homes,I,wonder,.,(NMET2001,第,85,题,),此句中“,What”,应改为“,How”.,虽然从句子结构看没有错误，但其句意却让人费解，从整个语篇来看，这句话的意思应该是“我不知道别人家里的情况怎样”，所以应将“,What”,改为“,How”,_,How,例,2 It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the,mountain.,此句中“,we”,前应加“,when”,结构不完整，分不清哪句是主句，哪句是从句，应在“,we”,前加一个从属连词“,when”,，这样全句结构才完整，其句意是“当我们到达山脚时，时间大约是中午”,when,形容词和副词考查的是,“区分”,1.,形容词和副词的误用,2.,形容词和副词的“级”以及修饰语,热点：,1,。以“,ly,”,结尾的形容词,（,They feel lonely and helplessly,）,2,。易混淆的形容词（,deep,和,deeply,）,We can hear birds singing,happy,all around.,(NMET2006,福建第,81,题,),此句应该用副词来修饰动词,sing,因,此把,happy,改为,happily,.,happily,冠词考试的是,“错”“多”“少”,1.a,和,an,互改,2.a,、,an,和,the,互改,3.,根据需要增删,（,1,）,We may be one family and live under a same roof,，,but,the,same roof,（,2,）,As everyone knows,，,its famous,mountain with all kinds of plants and,animals,a,famous,the,a,介词的多、漏、误用,介词的错误有介词的遗漏，副词性和连词性词组前使用多余的介词及固定搭配中的介词误用等,1.She had a feeling that the sad-looking man was not a person she could trust or talk.,2.It took place in the afternoon,when I met you in the street.,to,talk to,sb,.,_,on,具体的上、下午要用,on,科学的答题技巧是把握短文改错的重要环节,1.,改前通读,在着手进行纠错前，要通读短文，了解短文大意，凭借语感找出那些明显的错误。,2.,改中细读,在纠错时要仔细地读懂每个句子。因为只有站在完整的句子的角度，才能发现其中的错误。由于有的句子中不只出现一个错误，所以只有读完整个句子，通过分析，才能发现错误，纠正错误。,3.,改后复读,在细读改错时，有时会碰到一时找不准错在何处这种情况，这时可把这一改项暂时搁置起来，先往下改。等到改完了全文，再进行复读时，上下文的一致，前后信息的呼应以及合理的逻辑推理会让人豁然开朗，茅塞顿开，于是难题迎刃而解。此外，在改后复读时，往往会发现那些在通读与细读中不曾发现的问题和作出的误改。复读有助于纠正失误，减少差错。短文改错这一英语高考题型的难度与力度正在发生着稳中有升的变化。只要我们时刻关注试题的变化，研究试题的走势，紧跟形势的发展，我们就能牢牢掌握主动权，去实现预定的目标。,It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8,2007,I was walking along Park Road towards the east whilean old man came out of the park on the other sides of thestreet,Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and madea right turn into Park Road,The next moment the car hitthe man while she was crossing the road,He fell with a cry,The car didnt stop and drive off at full speed heading west,I noticed the driver was young woman wore a pair of glasses and the platenumber was AC864,After two minutes later,I stoppeda passed car and took the old man to the nearest hospital,_,on,_,when,_,side,_,make,_,he,_,drove,a,who,_,wearing,_,passing,改错大法,短文改错口诀,A,：,短文改错要做好，常见类型应记牢。,名词爱考,数,与,格“,冠词在前,错,多,少,。,动词时态和语态，,非谓搭配莫错了。,连、代、形、副错一样，,多是故意来混淆
展开阅读全文