Alfred Tennyson

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Alfred Tennyson(1809-1892),English poet often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry.,Tennyson succeeded Wordsworth as Poet Laureate in 1850,Lord Alfred Tennyson,Queen Victoria was an ardent admirer of Tennysons work,and in 1884 created him Baron Tennyson,of,Aldworth,in the County of Sussex and of Freshwater in the Isle of Wight.,Tennyson initially declined a baronetcy in 1865 and 1868(when tendered by Disraeli),finally accepting a peerage in 1883 at Gladstones,earnest solicitation.He took his seat in the House of Lords on 11 March 1884.,Life,Alfred,Lord Tennyson was born on August 5,1809 in Somersby,Lincolnshire.,His father,George Clayton Tennyson,a clergyman and rector,suffered from depression and was notoriously absentminded.,Alfred began to write poetry at an early age in the style of Lord Byron.,After spending four unhappy years in school he was tutored at home.Tennyson then studied at Trinity College,Cambridge,where he joined the literary club The Apostles and met Arthur,Hallam,who became his closest friend.,Tennyson published,Poems,Chiefly Lyrical,in 1830,which included the popular Mariana.,Life and Works,His next book,Poems,(1833),received unfavorable reviews,and Tennyson ceased to publish for nearly ten years.,Hallam,died suddenly on the same year in Vienna.It was a heavy blow to Tennyson.He began to write In Memoriam,an elegy for his lost friend-the work took seventeen years.,The Lady of,Shalott,The Lotus-eaters,Morte,dArthur,and,Ulysses,appeared in 1842 in the two-volume,Poems,and established his reputation as a writer.,After marrying Emily,Sellwood,the couple settled in,Farringford,a house in Freshwater on the Isle of Wight in 1853.From there the family moved in 1869 to,Aldworth,Surrey.During these later years he produced some of his best poems.,Life and Works,Among Tennysons major poetic achievements is the elegy mourning the death of his friend Arthur,Hallam,In Memoriam,(1850).,The patriotic poem,Charge of the Light Brigade,published in Maud(1855),is one of Tennysons best known works.,Although at first,Maud,was found obscure or morbid by critics ranging from,George Eliot,to Gladstone.,“Enoch Arden”,(1864)was based on a true story of a sailor thought drowned at sea who returned home after several years to find that his wife had remarried.,Idylls Of The King,(1859-1885)dealt with the Arthurian theme.,In the 1870s Tennyson wrote several plays,among them the poetic dramas,Queen Mary,(1875)and,Harold(,1876).In 1884 he was created a baron.,Tennyson died at,Aldwort,on October 6,1892 and was buried in the Poets Corner in Westminster Abbey.,Writing,Tennyson used a wide range of subject matter,ranging from medieval legends to classical myths and from domestic situations to observations of nature,as source material for his poetry.,The influence of,John Keats and other Romantic poets published before and during his childhood is evident from the richness of his imagery and descriptive writing.,Poems:,rhythm,He also handled rhythm masterfully.The insistent beat of,Break,Break,Break,emphasizes the relentless sadness of the subject matter.,Tennysons use of the musical qualities of words to emphasize his rhythms and meanings is sensitive.The language of I come from haunts of coot and,hern,lilts and ripples like the brook in the poem and the last two lines of Come down O maid from yonder mountain height illustrate his telling combination of onomatopoeia,alliteration and assonance:,The moan of doves in immemorial elms,And murmuring of innumerable bees.,Tennyson was a craftsman who polished and revised his manuscripts extensively.Few poets have used such a variety of styles with such an exact understanding of,metre,;like many Victorian poets,he experimented in adapting the,quantitative,metres,of Greek and Latin poetry to English.,He reflects the Victorian period of his maturity in his feeling for order and his tendency towards moralizing and self-indulgent melancholy.,He also reflects a concern common among Victorian writers in being troubled by the conflict between religious faith and expanding scientific knowledge.,Like many writers who write a great deal over a long time,he can be pompous or banal,but his personality rings throughout all his workswork that reflects a grand and special variability in its quality.,Tennyson possessed the strongest poetic power;he put great length into many works,most famous of which are,Maud,and,Idylls of the King,the latter one of literatures treatments of the legend of King Arthur and The Knights of the Round Table.,拍岸曲,浪花飞溅，打在冰冷的灰岩上啊，大海啊当思想升腾的时候我想我应该有所表达,你看，渔民的儿子多么棒他正在和他妹妹玩耍你看，海员小伙多么棒他在海湾的船上歌唱,豪华的游轮次序发出去它们在山下的海港但是，哎，再也没有那双手的抚摩昔日的声音已经凝固,浪花飞溅，打在悬崖的脚下啊，大海啊那些柔和的感情皆已碎了那些日子不再降临,尤利西斯,这太无谓,当一个闲散的君主安居家中，在这个嶙峋的岛国我与年老的妻子相匹，颁布着不公的法律，治理野蛮的种族，,他们吃、睡、收藏，而不理解我。我不能停歇我的跋涉；我决心饮尽生命之杯。我一生都在体验巨大的痛苦、巨大的欢乐，有时与爱我的狄伴一起，有时却独自一个；不论在岸上或海上，当带来雨季的毕宿星团催动激流滚滚，扬起灰暗的海波。我已经变成这样一个名字，,一由于我如饥似渴地漂泊不止，我已见识了许多民族的城及其风气、习俗、枢密院、政府，而我在他们之中最负盛名；,在