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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,八年级下时态总结,1. 过去进展时,助动词: _,肯定句: _,否认句: _,一般疑问句: _ 放句首,例如:,昨天8点我正在做作业.,_,当他回到家时我正在听音乐.,_,was / were,was / were + doing,wasnt / werent + doing,was / were,I was doing homework at 8 yesterday.,I was listening to music when he came home.,2.,现在完成时,助动词: _,肯定句: _,否认句: _,一般疑问句: _ 放句首,例如:,他已经完成工作.,_,我还没吃午饭.,_,have/ has,have / has +,动词过去分词,have / has,He has finished the work already.,I havent had lunch yet.,havent / hasnt +,动词过去分词,语法要点,1,现在完成时：,构成：,have/has +,动词的过去分词,常用的时间状语有：,for +,一段的时间,since +,表示起点的时间,_ two days _ 20 years ago,_ last week _ 30 hours,常用的副词有：,already, yet, never, ever, just,，,lately, recently,for,since,since,for,判断以下词语哪些可以和现在完成时连用(yes/no)：,already,Last week,just,For 3 days,yesterday,Next year,Since 1992,ever,Since last Sunday,yet,never,In 5 hours,before,Since 3 days ago,yes,yes,yes,yes,yes,yes,yes,yes,yes,yes,No,No,No,No,难点解析,现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,1表示过去的动作刚刚完毕，常与just, already, ever, never ,yet ,before连用。,他已经回到家了。,He has already gone home.,她还没找到一份工作。,She hasnt found a job yet.,他刚刚关掉了灯。,He has just turned off the light.,难点解析,2),表示过去的结果对现在仍有影响，通常不与时间状语连用。,他们输掉了那场比赛。,They have lost the game.,他买了电脑。,He has bought the computer,.,3.表示开场于过去并持续到现在也许还会继续进展下去的动作或状态。,1表示动作的持续，常与 “ _ +时间段 “_+时间起点 连用。,他到珠海两年多了。,He has been in Zhuhai for over two years.,从三年前开场，我就认识他了。,I have known him since three years ago.,2)在现在完成时中，瞬间动词必须改为相应的表示延续意义的动词或词组才可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。,She has had the car for a year.,His father has been away from China for 5 years.,for,since,现在完成时的疑问？,格式: _ 助动词: _,瞬间动词与持续动词:,瞬间动词可以用于完成时吗,什么时候不可以用瞬间动词,die borrow ,buy arrive in ,他已经买了那本书. _,他买了那本书三天了.,_,什么情况是例外,他三天都没买任何东西.,_,have/ has +,过去分词,have has,be dead keep,have be in,He has bought that book.,He has had that book for three days.,He hasnt bought anything for three days.,句型,:,1.,去过,:,2.,去了,:,3.,一直在,:,例如,:,他去过香港三次,.,他去了香港,.,他在香港三年了,.,have/ has been to,have/ has gone to,have/ has been in, at,He has gone to HongKong.,He has been to HongKong,for three times.,He has been in HongKong for three years.,短暂性动词,延续性动词,arrive,has/have been,begin,have been on,borrow,have kept,buy,have had,close,have been closed,die,have been dead,get up,have been up,join,have been in/been a,leave,have been away from,lose,have not had,open,have been open,put on,have worn,1. 你去过美国吗 没有,从来没有.,2. John在哪里他去了图书馆. 他已经去那里两个小时了.,3.我已经买了三天了.,4. 英语课已经开场10分钟了.,5. 李雷已经离校半小时了.,Have you ever been to the USA No, never.,Where is John,He,has gone to,the library.,He,has been there,for two hours.,I,have had,it for three days.,The English class,has been on,for 10 minutes.,Li Lei,has been away from,school,for half an hour.,6. Mr,谭在地震中牺牲了,.,他,已经去世,很多年了,.,7.,这个婴儿,已经出生,两周了,.,8.,麦克,借,已经有一个星期了,.,9.,火车,已经来了,10,分钟了,.,10.,我姐姐当空姐,已经有,两年了,.,Mr Tan,died,in the earthquake.,He,has been dead,for years.,The baby,has been born,for two weeks.,Mike has kept “Harry Potter for a week.,The train,has been here,for 10 minutes.,My sister,has been,a flight attendant,for 2 years.,4. 现在完成进展时,助动词: _,肯定句: _,否认句: _,一般疑问句: _ 放句首,例如:,他们从2005年开场一直住在珠海.,_,我一直看了三个小时书.,_,have/ has,have / has + been + doing,have / has,They have been living in Zhuhai since 2005.,I have been reading for 3 hours.,havent / hasnt + been + doing,I,have,been,skating,for two years.,She,has,been,collecting,toys since three years ago.,for+,段时间,for two days,since+,点时间,since two days ago,与其连用的时间状语有：,我已经滑冰两年了,自从三年前开场，她一直在收集玩具。,动词时态填空：,1. I _(have) breakfast already.,2. She is ill. She _ (lie)in bed for three weeks.,3. So far Mei _ (learn) over 2000 English words.,4. What _ you _(do) all this time,5. You _(say) that since you came here years ago.,have had,has been lying,has learned,have been doing,have been saying,2.,主将从现,如果从句是由 _ (如果)，_ (当)， _ (一就) 引导的一般现在时的条件状语从句， 主句要用一般将来时或用can, should等情态动词组成的句子。,如果明天下雨， 我就留在家。,_,当他长大， 他将当一名医生。,_,我一打 给他， 他就会来接我。,_,if,when,as soon as,If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.,When he grows up , he will be a doctor.,As soon as I call him, he will pick me up.,Exercises,Fill in the blanks with the words given.,The students will go to the Great Wall if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.,If he _ (not do) his homework, hell be late.,If she likes it, she _ (read) it soon.,If you play computer games on weekdays, you _ (be) tired.,If you watch TV tonight, you _ (not study) for the test.,doesnt rain,doesnt do,will read,will be,wont study,用所给词的正确形式填空。,1.If you _ (,be,) late, the teacher will be angry.,2.We dont know if it _ tomorrow (,snow,).,3.He _(,become,) a soccer player if,he works hard.,4. You _(,be,) famous if you sing well.,are,will snow,will,become,will be,5 Half of these bananas _(,be,) bad.,6 Half of the boys _(,like,) basketball.,7. Half of the bread _ tasty.(be),are,like,is,I dont know if my brother_ (come) tomorrow. If he_ (come), Ill be happy.,注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if“是否相当于 whether，宾语从句通常位于主句之后。引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。我不知道明天是否会下雨。,I dont know if it_ (rain)tomorrow.,will come,comes,will rain,用动词适当形式填空,I _ (see) this movie, and I _ it last night.,I _ (sleep) when the telephone _ (ring) yesterday.,If you _ (go) to the party, you _ a good time.,They _ (watch) TV since 10 o clock. Look, they are still _ (watch) TV now.,She _ (meet) Jay twice, and tomorrow she _ (meet) him again.,have seen saw,was sleeping rang,go will have,have been watching,watching,has met,will meet,持续动词和瞬间动词的转换,The dog _ last night. And it _ for 12 hours. (,死亡,),I _ the book from her last week. And I _ it for seven days. (,借,),He _ the watch since two weeks ago. He _ it with his wife at that time. (,买,),You should _ (have) a rest, you _ (work) for 10 hours.,have,have been working,died,has been dead,borrowed,have kept,have had,bought,八年级下重点语法,句型,一、直接引语与间接引语-宾语从句,1. He said, “Im hard-working.,= He said he was hard-working.,1.注意时态一致,He wants to know where Mary was last night.,2. 引导词,1 that 2 if/ whether,3) 特殊疑问词,3. 陈述语序- 引导词+ 主语+ 谓语,1.,直接引语和间接引语,直接引语: He said, “I come from China.,间接引语: He said (that) he came from China.,直接改间接注意: 人称, 时态对应, 缺一不可.,陈述句时: 连词是_, 可省略, 后接主谓.,She said, “I want to borrow a book.,_,They said, “Our teacher is Miss Li.,_,He said, “I will give you a gift.,_,that,She said she wanted to borrow a book.,They said their teacher was Miss Li.,He said he would give me a gift.,一般疑问句时: 连词是 _ 或 _, 不可省.,例如: Lily said, “Are you a teacher, Lily asked (me) if / whether I was a teacher.,John said, “Are they talking with Sam,_,She said, “Will you come to my birthday party,_,注意, 只能用whether的情况:,1. 介词 + whether,2. whether or not, whether to do,3. whether 可放在句首.,if whether,John asked if they were talking with Sam.,She asked if I would come to her birthday party.,特殊疑问句时: 用原来的疑问词引导, 不可省.,例如: She said, “What are you doing, She asked (me) what I was doing.,They said, “Where do you live,_,He asked, “When will you have a test,_,祈使句时： 变成 tell/ ask/ order sb. (not) to do,例如： He said, “Open the door., _,He said, “Dont open the door., _,They asked where I lived.,He asked when I would have a test.,He told me to open the door.,He told me not to open the door.,My teacher said to me, “You were hard-working lst term.,= My teacher said that _ _ hard-working last term.,2. Marcia phoned me, “Im going to leave tomorrow.,= Marica phoned me that she _ going to leave the _day.,3. “Have you seen the film he asked me.,= He asked me _ I _ _ that film.,I was,was,next,if,had seen,4. The teacher said, “Dont open your books, please.,=The teacher told us _ _ open our books.,5. Mother said, “Ill go shopping.,= Mother said that _ _ go shopping.,6. The science teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.,=The science teacher said that the earth _ around the sun.,not to,she would,goes,Could you teel me what well do,= Could you tell me _ _ _,2. I dont know which I will choose.,= I dont know _ _ _.,3. Nobody taught me how I could swim.,= Nobody taught me _ _ _.,4. Tell me who will help us.,= Tell me _ _ _ us.,what to do,which to choose,how to swim,who to help,特殊疑问词,+ to do,和宾语从句的转换,1. I dont know which shirt to buy.,I dont know which shirt I _ _ .,2. They dont know where to go tomorrow.,They dont know where _ _ _ tomorrow.,3.Mary wonder when to visit the museum.,Mary wonders _ _ _ _,the museum.,should buy,they will go,when she should visit,( )3. Do you know _？,Yes. She is doing her homework.,A. what is your sister doing,B. what your sister is doing,C. when your sister is doing homework,D. where is your sister doing homework,答案：,解析：考察宾语从句以及句意。宾语从句用陈述句语序，根据答句：是的，她正在做作,B,( )6. Do you know _？,Next Sunday.,A. what they will do B. what will they do,C. when will they come,D. when they will come,答案：,解析：考察宾语从句。根据答语可知提问时间，连接词用when；且用陈述语序。应选,D,1. What did your son say in the letter,- He said that he _ China next Sunday.,A.will B. has visited,C. is going to visit D. would visit,2. He wondered _ .,A. where is the youth centre is,B. what he did wrong,C. how far is the amusement park,D. when does the library open,3. My mother told me the earth _ around the sun.,A. goes B. goed C. went D. would go,D,B,A,二,.,反意疑问句易错点,判断出表示否认的词：,no, unhappy, never, a little, nothing, hard, little, dislike, seldom, hardly, sothat, tooto, nobody, few, impolite, not,I am late, _,I think he is right, _,I dont think he is right, _,He has lunch at school, _,He has been to Shanghai twice, _,He has a pen, _,arent I,isnt he,is he,doesnt he,hasnt he,hasnt / doesnt he,反义疑问句：,前肯后否，前否后肯,1.There is some milk on the plate,_ _,2.Mary goes to school on foot ,_ _,3.They are good friends ,_ _,4.He has little money, _ _,5. He can sing in French, _ _,6.Tim hardly can speak in Japanese,_ _,7. She is a good girl,_ _,8.Bob went to the movies last night , _ _,isnt there,doesnt she,arent they,does he,cant he,can he,didnt he,isnt she,含否认意思的词：never，few, little, seldom, hardly, nothing, nobody, no one,答复反意疑问句,不管是前肯后否型， 还是前否后肯， 审题时一律改成前肯后否！,You didnt go home last night, did you,_,You are not Chinese, are you,_,China isnt the biggest country in the world, is it,_,You dont know Chinese, do you,_,Yes, I did.,Yes, I am.,No, it isnt .,Yes, I do.,三、感慨句,1)What + _,词！,如：,What a boy !,2)What + a/ an + adj +,单数可数名词！,What an unusual girl !,3)What + adj +,可数名词复数！,What beautiful flowers!,4)What + adj +,不可数名词！,What hot soup !,5)How +_ / _ +,主语,+,谓语！,How fast he fell asleep !,名,形容词,副词,两种感慨句转换，并翻译成汉语：,1 What a beautiful place!,2 What an exciting field trip!,3 What interesting stories.,4. What dangerous animals!,5. What a sweet mooncake!,How beautiful the place is!,How exciting the field trip is!,How interesting the stories are!,How dangerous the animals are!,How sweet the mooncake is!,6. How thirsty the boys are!,7. How expensive the computer is!,8. How high the kites are!,9. How careful the worker is!,10. How specific the suggestions are!,What thirsty boys (they are)!,What,an,expensive computer (it is)!,What high kites (they are)!,What,a,careful worker (he is)!,What specific suggestions (they are)!,1 那个盒子真大！,2 多刺激的一场比赛！,3 多蓝的天空！,4 多么旧的外套！,5 多么得意的婴儿！,6 多么干净的一间教室！,What a big box.,How big the box is!,What an exciting match!,How exciting the match/ game is!,What blue sky!,How blue the sky is!,What an old coat!,How old the coat is!,What lovely babies!,How lovely the babies are!,What a clean classroom!,How clean the classroom is!,八年级下重点语言点,1.He sometimes spends 10 minutes _ (run),2. Do you mind _ ( close) the window,3.He is supposed _ (hand) in his homework on time.,4. He is _ (surprise) at the news.,5. Mary is good at _ (drive) cars.,6. He stopped the girl from _ (fall) off the bike.,running,closing,to hand,surprised,driving,falling,介词填空：,1 “I have studied English _ two years.,2 “When did you get here “ I got here _ ten am.,3. I will come back _ two days.,4. “How long havent we met each other “_ ten years ago.,5. Please tell me the way _ the hospital.,6. Can you say it _ different ways,7. Do you know the girl _ glasses,for,at,in,Since,to,in,with,too much much too,The room is _ dirty and wed better clean it at once.,Too much B. much too,C. much D.many,2. There are _ people in the shop.,A. Much B. much too C. too much D. too many,+,不可数名词,(money),+,形容词或副词,(rich),B,D,pay for, cost, take, spend,How much did you _ the bike,Pay over B. pay off C. pay on,D. pay for,2. How much did your skirt _ you,Spend B. make C. cost D. need,3. Does it _ two hours for you _ finish your task,A. spendon B. taketo,C. payfor D. takesto,4. She will _ one day visiting Beijing.,D,C,B,spend,Room- 房间？ 空间？,1. How many _ are there in the house,A. room B. rooms C. roomes D. Room,2. Well try to _ for you.,A. make room B. make a room,3. The big table takes up _.,A. much too room B. much too room,C. too many rooms D. too much room,4. Can you leave _ for me to store my books,A. a few rooms B few rooms,C. a little room D. little room,B,A,D,C,1 My money _. I dont know what to do.,A. have run out B. have run out of,C. has run out D. has run out of,2. I _ water. Could you give me some,A. run out of B. run out,C. ran out of D. ran out,run out,run out of,C,C,Have- with,1. I _ a big house _ a beautiful garden.,A. have, has B. have, with,C. with, have D. with, with,2. It changes _ the seasons.,A. in B. on C. with D. of,3. Mr Li often comes into the classroom, _ a book in his hand.,A with B in C has D. on,4. _ your help we couldnt finish it on time.,A Under B. Dont have,C. Without D With,B,C,A,C,The morethe more,Put into good Chinese/ English:,1. In fact, the busier he is, the happier he feels.,2. The more they talked, the more excited they became.,3. The older I get, the healthier I am.,4. The more dangerous it is, the more I like it.,事实上，他越忙，他就觉得越开心。,他们越谈越冲动。,我越老身体就越好。,越危险我就越喜欢。,5. The sooner you start, the more quickly youll finish the work.,6. The more people you know, the less time you have to see them.,7. _ _ I am, _ _ I am.,我越忙就越快乐。,8 _ _ he learns, _ _ _ _.他越学就越聪明。,你开场得越早，完成工作就越快。,你认识的人越多，你见他们的时间就越少。,The busier,the happier,The more,the smarter he is.,4.There is going to _ a match next Friday.,A. have B. be C. is D. has,5. -How soon will he come back,-_ five days.,A. After B. In C. Since D. For,6. I want to Know if Kelly _ tomorrow. If he _, let me know.,A. come , comes B. will come, comes,C. comes , will come D. will come , will come,7. He _ likes bananas.,A. also B. too C. either D. neither,B,B,B,A,7. May I have _tea I am thirsty.,A. a few B. a little C. few D. a few,8. Well try to buy _ things with _ money.,A. more, fewer B. less, more,C. fewer, fewer D. more , less,9. The _ he does, the _ lives will be saved by him.,A. better , more B. more , better,C.less, better D. better, less,B,B,D,10. The problem is _ difficult for him _ work out.,A. too to B. so that,C. not enough to D. such that,11. Would you please _ the TV Its too loud.,A, turn up B. turn down,C. Turn on D. turn off,12.The information is _ and Im _ in it .,interesting, interesting B. interested, interested,C. interest, interests D. interesting, interested,A,B,D,13.Have you _ any wine,Yes, I _ a little just now.,A. drunk, drank B. drank , drank,C. drunk, drunk D. drink , drank,14.I have _ the dictionary since two years ago.,A. buy B. bought C. had D. buying,15. I _ Beijing three times.,A. have been to B. have gone to,C. went to D. has gone to,A,C,A,16. A nice day, _,A. is it B. is that C. isnt it D. isnt that,17.Hes never been to Beijing, _,A. has he B. hasnt he C,isnt he D. is he,18.He got on _ with his classmates.,A. badly B. bad C. good D. nice,19. I dont have _.,A. a enough money B. enough money,B. person enough D. enough personal,20 . Do you think about _,A. swimming B, go swimming C. swim,C,A,A,B,A,9 _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _.,我们越学，就越爱学。,10. _ _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _ _ _.,我们种树越多， 我们的城市就越美丽。,11. _ _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _ _ _.,我们学英语学得越好，我们就越觉得它有趣。,The more we learn, the more we love,learning.,The more trees we plant, the more,beautiful our city will be.,The better we learn English, the more,interesting we feel it.,9 _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _.,我们越学，就越爱学。,10. _ _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _ _ _.,我们种树越多， 我们的城市就越美丽。,11. _ _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _ _ _.,我们学英语学得越好，我们就越觉得它有趣。,The more we learn, the more we love,learning.,The more trees we plant, the more,beautiful our city will be.,The better we learn English, the more,interesting we feel it.,2. 肯定句中表示 “也是,Me too. / So + 助动词/ be 动词 + 主语,完整句, too,例如: He is a good student.,我也是: _ / _,_,3. 否认句中表示 “也是,Me neither. / Neither +助动词/ be 动词 + 主语,完整句, either.,例如: He didnt go to school.,我也是: _/ _,_,Me too So am I.,I am a good student, too,Me neither. Neither did I .,I didnt go to school, either.,1. What _ would you like,A. other B. others C. the others D. else,2. There are few books here, _ _,A. are there B. arent there C. are they,3. I forgot _ the door . So the thief came in and stole many things from the door.,A. to close B. closing C. close,4. Have you practiced _ ( sit ) on some knives,5. Stop _ (st
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