新概念英语第二册Lesson32

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Lesson 32,Shopping made easy,词汇学习,Word study,onceadv. 曾经，以前,（1）I visit my mother once a month.,我一月看我妈妈一次,（2）once 连接从句：表示“一旦” Once you start, you will never give up.,一旦你开始了，你就不要放弃。,（3）He once lived in Shanghai.,他曾经在上海住过。,Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.,他以前生活在美国，但现在他生活在英国。,（,1,）,at once,（,right now,）,（,2,）,once again,（,once more,）,（,3,）,all at once,（,suddenly,）,（,4,）,once upon a time,（,a long time ago,）,Practice :,_there was a blind man named John who went to see the doctor by train . After the doctors cure ,the man got the brightness_, but when the train passed through a tunnel on his way home, he opened the window _ , and jumped off the train _ .,Once upon a time,once again,all at once,at once,temptation,n.,诱惑,You should resist the temptation.,您应当抵制这种诱惑。,What is temptation?,诱惑是什么？,They have the temptation of the devil.,她们有恶魔的诱惑。,devil,dev()l. 魔鬼；撒旦；家伙,temptation to + 动词原形temptation to do sth.temptation to steal,Resist,the temptation to do,拒绝去做某事的诱惑,I cant resist the temptation to laugh.,I should congratulate you that you resisted the temptation.,我应向你祝贺，你抗住了这种引诱,temptation,n.,诱惑，引诱,have the temptation to do sth,Tempt,v.,tempt sb into doing sth,引诱某人做某事,tempting,adj.,诱人的,tempter,n.,引诱者,The Tempter,撒旦,I have the tempation to steal,Once,Eva came across a snake which was the _. The snake talked a lot with Eva and _Eva into_(eat) the _apple. Eva at first ignored what the snake said, but then she couldnt resist the _ to eat the fruit. In the end, Adam and Eva was driven out of the Eden.,ignoregn,忽视；不理睬,tempter,tempted,eating,tempting,temptation,article,n.,物品，东西,This is a good article.,文章,Dont leave out the definite article.,不要漏掉定冠词。,article,强调的是商店里的一个一个的东西，是可数名词,thing,指任何的东西,This shop is famous for selling small article,Some girls likes collecting small articles.,definite英 defnt adj. 一定的；确切的,wrap,v.,包裹,Please wrap them (up) for me.,请替我把他们包好,Youd better wrap it with a piece of clean cloth.,你最好用一块干净的布把它包起来,simply,adv.,仅仅,simply adv.,只是，简单地，仅仅，简朴地（同义词：,only,）,My grandmother lived very simply.,我祖母生活非常简朴。,I bought the house simply because it was large.,我购买了这房子，只是因为它面积大,only,可用于句首倒装，,only in this way can you ,或者句中句末,I only know that he is our teacher,simply,意为仅仅或简单，没有在句首的用法，通常在句中句末,arrest,（,1,）,vt,逮捕，扣留：,The police have already arrested the thief.,警方已逮捕了那小偷。,When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.,她被捕以后，拒不说话。,（2）vt吸引（注意等）：The beauty of the woods arrested the tourists.,树林的美丽景色吸引了游客。,He was arrested by her words.,她的话吸引了他。,（3）,n逮捕，扣留：Tony is under arrest now.,托尼现已被捕。,Exercise,She was arrested. She _.,A escaped,B was caught,C was stooped,D was seen,B,Language points,1,、,shopping made easy,made,为过去分词,有 “被” 的意思（标题不用句子,所以标题省略,be,）,make v.,制造；使,怎么样,make a car/watch,make the room clean,make shopping easy = Shopping is made easy.(,句子,),PASSAGE,People are not so honest as they once were.,The temptation to steal is greater than ever before-especially in large shops.,A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings.,One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her.,The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible.,Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying.,When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl gave her mother a free dress once a week !,People are,not so,honest,as,they once were.,not so +,形容词,+ as”,引导的是比较状语从句，表示较低的程度，通常译为“不如,那样,This pen is not so good as that one. (,省略了,is)She is not so clever as we think. (,省略了,she is ),中考链接,(07,黑龙江,),Jim is running _ Bruce . They re neck and neck .,A faster than,B as fast as,C as faster as,D more slowly than,B,once,表示“以前”、“曾经”时只能与动词的过去式连用：,He once worked at a large company.,他曾经在一家大公司工作过。,The,temptation,to steal is,gre,ater than ever before,不定式,to steal,为,temptation,的定语，说明是什么样的诱惑。,to,引导不定式和,to,作为介词的区别很大：,The temptation to smoke is strong for him.,对他来说吸烟有很强的诱惑力,。,（,to smoke,为不定式）,The cake on the table is a great temptation to the child.,桌上的蛋糕对那孩子是个极大的诱惑。（,to the child,为介词短语）,The _ to steal is greater than ever before especially in large shops.,temptation,Exercise,He cant resist the _ to cheat in the exam .,A temptation,B try,C good,D thought,A,The,temptation,to steal is,gre,ater than ever before,ever,用于表示比较的从句中时意义为,“曾经”、“以往任何时候”。,在这句话中，省略的成分比较多，与,ever before,相比的是隐含的时间,now,，,从句中省略成分为,it was,（在,ever,之前）。大多数含有比较状语从句的句子都可以省略句中的成分。,especially in large shops.,1.,表示“特别地”，用于修饰形容词或副词，强调程度。如：,It is especially cold today.,今天特别冷。,2.,用于强调目的，意为“特意”、“专门”,We bought it especially for you.,这是我们特意为你买的。,3.,表示陈述某一事实之后，作进一步强调,This street is very crowd, especially on Sundays.,这条街很拥挤，尤其是星期天。,。,A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings.,on Monday mornings,，在星期一上午。,morning,用复数形式是表示经常性的情况，它前面有修饰词,Monday,，所以介词要用,on,。,Well-dressed 是合成形容词，,由副词+过去分词构成，类似的词还有 well-informed 消息灵通的；,wide-spread 普遍的,A detective recently watched a well-dressed,woman,who always went into a large store on Monday mornings,.,主句,定语从句,One Monday,there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her.,one,在此处表示“某一个”，不能用,a,代替。,A,和,one,的区别要点：,不定冠词,a,它通常用于表示不确定的人或事物以及第一次提到的人或事物。表示数量时，,one,比,a,的语气要强。,比较：,There is a boy in the classroom.,教室里有个男孩。,There is only one boy in the classroom.,教室里只有一个男孩。,不表示强调时，,a,和,one,有时可以互换。,叙述故事时常将,one+,表示时间的名词用于句首，而不用,a,。,One afternoon, she set out from the coast in a small boat.,一天下午，她乘坐小船从海岸出发了。,than usual,是固定搭配，表示“比平常”。,Than usual,始终与比较级连用。,He came earlier than usual.,他来的比平时早。,One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her.,there were,引导的是主句，,when,引导的是它的时间状语从句，,so,引导的是结果状语从句，在主句和结果状语从句中又分别隐含比较状语从句。在结果状语从句中，,it,为先行词，真正的主语是不定式短语,for the detective to watch her,。不定式短语往往较长，作主语时通常要用先行词,it,作为形式主语：,It is easy for you to help me.,你帮助我是很容易的。,One Monday , there were fewer people in the shop than usual,when the woman came in,.,主句,when,引导的时间状语从句,The woman first bought a few small articles.,little,和,a little,与不可数名词一起使用。,little,表示否定，有“几乎一点儿也没有”的含义，在口语中我们常用,not much,：,a little,表示肯定，具有,some,的含义：,few,和,a few,与复数可数名词连用。,few,表示否定，与,little,相似，在口语中我们多用,not many;,a few,与,a little,相似，有,some,的含义：,little,的比较级为,less,，,few,的比较级为,fewer,：,The woman first bought a few small articles, after a little time ,she chose,one of the most expensive dresses,in the shop and handed it to an assistant,who,wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible .,After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who,wrapped,it up for her as quickly as possible.,as quickly as possible,，以最快的速度。,asas possible,为固定短语，表示“尽可能”：,He went home as soon as possible.,他尽快回了家。,I have sent you as many books as possible.,我已经把书尽可能多地给你送来了。,Come as early as possible.,尽可能早点来。,Please speak as clearly as possible.,请尽可能讲得清楚一点。,wrap sth.up for sb.,Hand to,是表示“交给、递给”意义。,Wrap up,是“包起来”的意思。,As as possible,是固定短语，表示“尽可能,”,。,as soon as possible,尽可能快,Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying.,simply,表示“仅仅”、,“只”， 简单的，容易的有加强语气的作用。,他只是一名工人罢了。,He is simply a workman .,这本书把语法讲的既简单又清楚。,This book explains grammar simply and clearly .,连词,and,表示动作的连续，相当于,and then,。,withoug paying,可以当成是整个句子的方式状语，即那妇女没有，,without,用法,The letter was posted without a stamp.,那,封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。,She entered the room without knocking.,她没敲门就进了房间。,He went to school without eating breakfast.,他不吃早餐就去上课了。,John went to bed without brushing his teeth.,John,不刷牙就睡觉了。,When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter.,find/find outfind sth.,sth.,是看得见，摸得着的,I find the pen.,He didnt find his bike.,他没找到他的自行车。,I dont find my pen,，,Im looking for it everywhere.,我没有找到我的钢笔，我正到处找。,He is looking for his shoes.,他在找他的鞋子。,find out,后的宾语一般是抽象的,find out the truth,Please find out when the train leaves.,请查一下火车什么时候离站。,Read this passage,，,and find out the answer to this question.,读这篇短文，找出这个问题的答案。,When she was arrested,the detective found out,that the shop assistant was her daughter .,主句,when,引导的时间状语从句,That,引导的宾语从句,The girlgaveher mother a free dress once a week!,gave加引号，表示姑娘不是真正给，而是偷。,free在这里的含义为“免费的”、“不要钱的”：,Children under five years old travel free.,5岁以下儿童免费旅行。,Tom gave me two free tickets.,汤姆给了我两张免费的票。,free adj. 免费的；自由的，adv. 自由地；免费,freely adv. 自由地；免费地；,People are not _ honest _ they once were. The temptation to steal is _ than ever before-especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a _woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were _ people in the shop _usual when the woman came in, So it was _ for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the _ _ dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her _ _ _ _. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop. After the woman was _ , the detective _ _ that the assistant was her daughter. The girl gave her mother a free dress once a week!,so,as,greater,well-dressed,fewer,than,easier,most,expensive,quickly,as,as,possible,arrested,found,out,“once a+ 表示时间的名词”可以表示频率：,He comes to the office once a day.,他每天来办公室一次。,Frank,writes to his mother once a month.,弗兰克每个月给他母亲写一次信。,练习答案,Key to written exercises,2,难点练习答案,One,day,a,postcard,an,excursion,one,thing,a,fax,a,form,a,fax of,one,word,3,多项选择题答案,1c 2c 3c 4b 5b 6c7a 8d 9a 10d 11b 12c,1.Be quick! There is very _ time left.,A. much B. a little C. few D. little,2.She has _ good friends in our school, so she is very happy.,A. few B. a few C. little D. a little,3.Could you give me _ ink, please?,a bit B. a little C. many D. few,4.There is _sheep over there.,A. a few B. few C. a little D. little,在这个农厂干活的工人多达,500,人。,语法,Grammar in use,比较状语从句,在比较级的用法中，实际上我们已接触到比较状语从句：,I know him better than you do.,我比你了解他。（,than,后面为比较状语从句）,比较状语从句含有或暗含有“与,相比”的意思。除了,than,或,more than,这种结构外，它还包括,as+,形容词,/,副词,+as, not so/as as, less than,等结构。当句子里两个动词相同、时态也一样时，则第,2,个动词可以省略，比较从句就成了含蓄的从句。如果对比的东西很明显，那么为了避免重复，从句中有些成分、甚至整个从句都可以省略，因此这类句子往往不完整。比较完整的句子读起来要正规些：,比较状语,不定冠词与,one,的五点区别,不定冠词与数词,one,都可表示“一”的意思，前者可视为后者的弱式。,如：,I have a one brother and two sisters.,我有一个兄弟和两个姐妹。,但是，尽管两者有时可换用，但由于两者词性和用法不同，在多数情况下不能互换，其主要区别有以下几点,区别一,从本质上说，不定冠词侧重指“类别”概念，而数词,one,侧重指数量概念。有时尽管两者都可用，但含义有差别：,I bought a dictionary yesterday.,我昨天买了本词典。,(,意指买的是词典，不是语法书，也不是钢笔等,),I bought one dictionary yesterday.,我昨天买了一本词典。,(,意指买的是一本词典，不是两本或三本词典等,),“Can a boy do it?” “No, but a man can.”,“,小孩做得了吗,?”“,做不了，要大人才行。”,“Can one boy do it?” “No, but two (boys) can.”,“,一个小孩做得了吗,?”“,不行，要两个小孩才行。”,区别二,当要强调数量概念或进行数量对比时，只能用数词,one,。,如：,“How many pens do you have?” “I have one (pen).”,“,你有几支钢笔,?”“,我有一支钢笔。”,I want one apple, not three apples.,我要一个苹果，不是三个苹果。,区别三,若不是表示“一”的数量概念，而是表示“类别”概念，则只能用不定冠词。,如：,A computer is useful.,电脑是有用的。,He is an excellent teacher.,他是位优秀的教师。,区别四,在某些短语中，两者均可用，含义相同。如：,at a one blow,一下子，一举,in a one word,一句话，总而言之,而在某些表达中，两者均可用，但含义不同。,如：,at a time,每次，同时,at one time,一度，曾经,还有一些表达，两者均可用，虽含义相同，但表达不同。,如：,on a hot summer afternoon,一个炎热的夏日的下午,(,用介词,on),one hot summer afternoon,一个炎热的夏日的下午,(,不用介词,on),an hour and a half,一个半小时,(,不说,one hour and a half),one and a half hours,一个半小时,a minute or two,一两分钟,(,不说,one minute or two),one or two minutes,一两分种,注意，在绝大多数习语中，两者是不能换用的。,如：,as a result,结果，,all of a sudden,突然，,one day,一天，,one by one,一个一个地，等,区别五,与表示时间或度量衡的名词连用表示“每”时，只用不定冠词。,如：,Brush your teeth twice a day at least.,每天至少要刷牙两次。,They are sold at two dollars a dozen.,他们的售价是每打两美元。,Practice today:,Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences,(1). “Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.”,“Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”,A. a, the B. the, the,C. a, a D. the, a,答案为,C,。第一空填,a,，比较好理解；而第二空填,a,是因为此句中的,one,并非指前面提到的,pen,，即这里的,one,与前面的,pen,并非同一事物,这从后面一句的,I think I saw it somewhere,可以清楚地知道。,(2). Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _ bedroom apartment.,A. one a B. the one,C. one D. a one,答案选,D,。,a one bedroom apartment,意为“一套只带一间卧室的套房”。,谢 谢！,放映结束 感谢各位观看！,让我们共同进步,