The Third Period

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Period of the English Bourgeois Revolution,The English Bourgeois Revolution,Historical Background,The weakening of the tie between monarchy and bourgeoisie;,The clashes between the King and Parliament;,The outburst of the English Revolution;,The split within the revolutionary camp;,The bourgeois dictatorship and the Restoration,The,Weakening,of the Tie,Monarchy,Bourgeoisie,interests in common,harmony,cooperation,strove to,consolidate,巩固,its position,Queen Elizabeth,Parliament,ceased to depend,upon the protection,of the Monarchy,James I, Charles I,The clashes between the King and Parliament,Tudor dynasty,(1485-1603),都铎王朝,Monarchy and bourgeoisie,The House of Stuart,(1603-1649),斯图亚特王朝,(1660-1714),Parliament declared monopolies were illegal,Charles 1,st,dissolved it in 1629,The outburst of the English Revolution,A civil war broke out in 1642 and lasted till 1649.,Charles I,was captured and executed in,1649,.,Monarchy,was abolished and England was declared a,commonwealth,(or republic) under the leadership of,Oliver Cromwell,(,克伦威尔,).,Bourgeois dictatorship,(1649-1660),Cromwell,The split within the revolutionary camp,The middle bourgeoisie struggled with the bit bourgeoisie for,the supremacy in Parliament.,A section of the petty bourgeoisie ask for manhood suffrage refused disappointed revolted,The revolt was put down by,Oliver Cromwell,The bourgeois dictatorship and the Restoration,Restoration,(1660-1688),Charles 2nd and James 2,nd,Glorious Revolution,(1688),William, Prince of Orange, from Holland, Charles 1sts daughter Marys son, Marys husband (Mary is the daughter of James 2,nd,),glorious,because it was,bloodless,and there was no revival of the revolutionary demands.,Literature in Revolution Period,The Revolution Period is also called,Puritan Age, because English Revolution was carried out under a,religious cloak,.,The,greater part of the revolutionary bourgeoisie was adherents of religious doctrine of,Puritanism.,Literature in Revolution Period,They were people of strict moral,and,austere life.,They preached on thrift, hard work and plain life.,Life was stern in those days, and the laws were severe, and simple pleasures were forbidden.,“Puritanism” during the English Revolution,Puritanism,(,清教,),was the religious doctrine of the revolutionary bourgeoisie during the English Revolution. It preached thrift (,节俭,), sobriety(,节制,) to be, but with no extravagant enjoyment of the fruits of labor.,The wealthy were to accumulate capital, the poor to labor at their tasks, as a “divine duty”. Worldly pleasures were condemned as harmful.,“Puritanism” during the English Revolution,This was precisely the outlook needed by the bourgeoisie for the accumulation of capital.,They closed down the London theatres in 1642, not only for their extravagance and deterioration but also for the puritanical abhorrence(,憎恶,) of “worldly” pleasures in general.,Literature of the 17,th,century,English literature of the revolution and restoration was very much concerned with the tremendous social upheavals of the time.,Literature of the Revolution Period,general characteristics,The Revolution Period was one of confusion in literature due to the,breaking up of the old ideals,.,The Puritans believed in simplicity of life.,They disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry written in the previous period.,Literature was as divided in spirit as were the struggling parties.,Literature of the Revolution Period,general characteristics,2) Literature in the Puritan Age expressed,age and sadness.,Even its brightest hours were followed by,gloom and pessimism.,Literature of the Revolution Period,3),Romantic ardor,can not be found in literature of the Puritan period.,4),John Milton, whose work would glorify any age and people, and in his work the indomitable revolutionary spirit found its noblest expression. For this reason, this period is also called,Age of Milton,Literature of the Revolution Period,5),The main literary form of the period was,poetry,Besides Milton, there were two other groups of poets, the,Metaphysical Poets,and,the Cavalier Poets.,Representatives:,John Milton,John Bunyan,John Donne,Some prose-writers,John Dryden,the Puritan poets,清教徒派诗人,the Metaphysical poets,玄学派诗人,the Cavalier poets,保皇派诗人,