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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,情态动词表示可能性的用法,一、情态动词表示对现在的推测,1.Johnny,you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.,A.wont;cant,B.mustnt;may,C.shouldnt;must,D.cant;shouldnt,2.Mary _ be in,Paris,for,I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.,A.mustnt,B.cant,C.shouldnt,D.may,not,1.,B,。,mustnt,表示,禁止，不可以,，,may,表示现在可能发生的事情。选项,C,中的,must,表示现在肯定会发生某事，因此不符合语境。,2.,B,。,cant,意为,不可能,，同,mustnt,含义不同，不可混淆。,知识归纳,1.must,must,只能用于肯定句中，表示说话人自己相信某事现在是事实，可译为,肯定，一定,。若表示某事不是事实，要用,cant(,不可能,),，不能用,must not,。,例如：,(1)Oh,，,you must be Marys husband.,噢，你肯定是玛丽的丈夫。,(2)The two conflicting messages cannot possibly be true.,这两条相互矛盾的消息不可能都是真的。,2.could,might,may,could, might, may,可表示现在某事有可能发生或可能是事实。,may,比,could,和,might,稍正式一些,。,(1)Dont eat it. It could be poisonous.,别吃，这东西可能有毒。,(2)His dictionary might be the same as yours.,他的词典也许与你的一样。,(3)He may be at home now, for the light is on.,他可能在家，因为灯亮着。,注意：,can,在肯定句中，不能表示实际可能性，即不能表示某个特定事件可能会发生。,can,表示实际可能性一般用在疑问句和否定句中。例如：,(4)-,Can,it be your mother?,-No,，,it,cant,be her. It may be my father.,-,可能是你妈妈吗？,-,不,不可能是她。也许是我爸爸。,(5)It,could,well be that rich people treasure peace more highly than poor people.,有钱人可能比穷人更加珍惜和平。,3.might not,，,may not,可表示某事可能不是事实，而,could not,和,cannot,用来表示某事不可能真实。,(1)He might/may not be in England at all.,他也许根本就不在英国。,(2)Kissinger cannot/couldnt know what the situation is in the country.,基辛格不可能知道这个国家的局势。,二、表示将来可能性,1.-Is John coming by train?,-He should,，,but he _ not. He likes driving his car.,A.must,B.can,C.need,D.may,2.-Are you coming to Jeffs party?,-Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.,A.must,B.would,C.should,D.might,3.-When can I come for the,photos?I,need them tomorrow afternoon.,-They _ be ready by 12,：,00 oclock.,A.can,B.should,C.might,D.need,D,. may,表示对将来的推测，,can,对将来的推测，不用在肯定句。,D,B,. should,表示试探性的推断。,might,不符合此处的语境。,知识归纳,1.must,cannot,could,might,may,其用法与前面提到的谈及现在可能出现的情况用法相同。,might,表示可能性较小，而,may,可能性较大,。,2.should,，,ought to,可表示某个特定事件可能会发生，意思为,很可能,。,(1)This course should be quite interesting for you.,这门课程对你来说很可能十分有趣。,(2)-Ive bought thirty pints of beer.,-That ought to be enough.,我已买了三十品脱的啤酒。,那应该是够了。,注意：,should,和,ought to,亦可用来谈及现在可能性很大的事情。,(3)That should be John coming upstairs now.,那应该是约翰正在上楼。,三、表示过去可能性,1.-There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.,-It _ a comfortable journey.,A. cant be B. shouldnt,C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been,2.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,，,so he _ your lecture.,A. couldnt have attended,B. neednt have attended,C. mustnt have attended,D. shouldnt have attended,D,A,知识归纳,情态动词,have,过去分词,可用来表示对过去发生某事的推测。,1.must have done,表示过去肯定发生某事，只用于肯定句中。在否定句和疑问句中,can/could-, can/could not have done,，表示过去不可能发生某事。,(1)-The lights have gone out.,-A fuse must have blown.,电灯灭了,。,一定是保险丝断了。,(2)Where can/could John have put the matches? He cant/couldnt have thrown them away.,约翰可能把火柴放到哪儿了？他不可能扔掉了。,2.could/might/may have done,可表示过去某事有可能是事实，但这件事到底是不是事实，说话人并不知道。,(1)She could/may/might have gone off with some friends.,她可能与一些朋友出去了。,(2)-Pollys very late.,-She may have missed the train.,波莉晚了。,她也许误了火车。,3.might not/may not have done,可表示过去某事可能没有发生或可能不是事实。,(1)They might not have considered me as their friend.,他们可能没有把我看作朋友。,(2)The couple may not have been ready for this pregnancy.,夫妻俩也许没有为这次怀孕作好准备。,
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