APQP-PPAP英文

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Marketing & Communications,APQPPPAP,APQP,A Perspective on 8-D and PFMEA and Control Plan During APQP and Afterwards,What is APQP?,APQP is a defined process for a,product development system,for Ford, Daimler- Chrysler, GM and their suppliers.,APQP is an attempt to provide a,common path,and,synchronization,of product development activities.,APQP is an attempt to,ensure communication,both,within,a company and,between,a company and its customer,Marketing & Communications,Benefits of APQP,Ensures,early planning,takes place.,Directs,resources,to the customer.,Identifies,required,changes,early in the process.,Provides,quality,product,on time,and at,lowest cost,.,Enables,cross-functional,inputs,and,outputs,.,Addresses,potential problems,early,Marketing & Communications,Customer and Supplier Involvement,Customer,may initiate planning process.,Supplier,has the obligation to establish cross-functional team to manage process.,Supplier,should expect the same performance from their subcontractors.,Marketing & Communications,Determine Customer Requirements,Print,Purchase Request or Request for Quotation.,Statement of Work (SOW),Customer visits and discussions.,Product checklists.,Marketing & Communications,Training,Customer needs,and,expectations.,Working as a,team,.,Requirements of,APQP,FMEA,APQP,PPAP,Marketing & Communications,APQP Five Phase Process,Planning,Product Design and Development,Process Design and Development,Product and Process Validation,Production,Feedback Assessment and Corrective Action,Pilot,Launch,Concept Initiation/Approval,Program Approval,Prototype,Planning,Links Between the Tools,Contract Review Program Plan,DFMEA,Team Feasibility Commitment,Produce Process Flow Diagrams,Conduct Process FMEA,Develop Control Plan,Work Instruction Development,Product and Process Validation,Ensure Continuous Improvement,Phase I,Phase II,Phase II,Phase III,Phase III,Phase III,Phase III,Phase IV,Phase V,Determine Customer Expectations and Plan for Quality,Identify Key Characteristics,Determine Risk and Feasibility,Associate Characteristics with Process Steps and Identify Key Characteristics,Expose Sources of Variation and Finalize Key Characteristics,Determine Methods to Improve Process and Control Variation,Implement Control Plan and Standardize the Process,Ensure Customer Expectations are Met,Exercise Management Oversight,The Target and The Goal,Marketing & Communications,Link Between the Documents,Process Flow Diagrams,Updated after production trial run.,Need to indicate special characteristics generated at each step.,Completed Along with Control Plan (APQP Process).,Generally contains same information as process traveler.,Marketing & Communications,Process Flow Diagram Example,Marketing & Communications,APQP Links to PFMEA,Process FMEA,Must follow flow of the process flow diagram.,Must include ALL process special characteristics (as a minimum).,Marketing & Communications,How a PFMEA Works,Where does the data for the PFMEA come from?,What types of people are a part of the PFMEA team?,What types of activities should we spend a lot of time on?,PFMEAs/Control Plans and 8-Ds During APQP,PFMEAs should be driven by real data, including 8-Ds (internal and external), warranty and returned part analysis,PFMEAs should be completed by process experts and should be a driver of the control plans and work instructions,Work instructions (Post control log, process parameter logs, preventive maintenance, etc.) implement the control plan in the process,When there is a quality problem there is an opportunity to improve the control plan and the work instructions,APQP Links to Control Plan,Control Plans,Includes product and process special characteristics.,Includes SPC requirements.,Follows flow of process flow chart and PFMEA.,May require customer approval.,Marketing & Communications,Types of Control Plans,Prototype build control plan(s),Pre-launch control plan,Production control plan,Marketing & Communications,Prototype Build Control Plan,A description of the dimensional measurements.,Material tests,Functional tests that will occur during prototype build.,Marketing & Communications,Pre-launch Control Plan,Description of dimensional measurements, materials, and functional tests.,Adds additional product and process controls.,Purpose is to contain potential nonconformities utilizing:,More frequent inspections and/or tests.,More in-process and finsl inspection and/or check points.,Statistical evaluations.,Increased audits.,Marketing & Communications,Production Control Plan,Up-date pre-launch control plan.,Add:,Sampling plans,Control method,SPC, inspection, attribute data and mistake proofing.,Reaction plan,Nonconformances clearly identified, quarantined and disposition made.,Requires customer approval unless otherwise specified.,Marketing & Communications,Control Plan Use,Initial: To document and communicate initial process control.,Next: Guidance in controlling processes and to ensure product quality.,Last A living document reflecting current methods of control and measurement systems used.,Marketing & Communications,Multiple Molds, Tools, Dies and Patterns,Complete dimensional layer required from one part from each cavity as a minimum.,Supplier must identify specific cavity for each part submitted.,Marketing & Communications,Part Submission Status,Never ship production parts before receiving customer approval.,Supplier must ensure that future production continues to meet customer requirements.,No production parts can be shipped until approval is received.,Marketing & Communications,Automotive Documentation Development,Develop,Process Flow Listing,Check for,Customer Requirements,Enter Every,“Major”,Process from,Flow Listing,into,FMEA Form,Give careful consideration to what you consider a,“Major”,process,Develop,FMEA,Element for,Every,Process,Use the appropriate,RPN,numbers and considerations of other appropriate information / data to determine,Critical,characteristics,Develop the,Control Plan,with,Critical,Characteristics,Develop,control mechanisms,appropriate for,Critical,characteristics.,Give careful consideration to defining Control Plan stages,Prototype Pre-launch Production,Marketing & Communications,Marketing & Communications,Provides Proof of Capability,Made up of Documents from APQP,Marketing & Communications,PPAP Purpose,Ensure that customer design record and specification requirements are understood.,Ensure that the process has the potential for producing product meeting those requirements,Marketing & Communications,PPAP Scope,Production parts - generally 300 pieces.,Includes internal and external sources for information.,Submission required prior to first production shipment.,Marketing & Communications,Base Documentation,Critical characteristics matrix.,Process flow diagram.,Design FMEA (supplied by customer).,Process FMEA.,Control plan.,Marketing & Communications,General,Supplier is responsible for meeting all applicable specifications.,Do not submit parts and documentation results if they are outside specification.,Take corrective action to meet all design record requirements.,Contact customer if unable to meet all requirements,Comply with customer developed material specifications and/or approved source list.,Marketing & Communications,General,Suppliers are required to complete and maintain copies of all documentation identified in “requirements for approval” regardless of submission level.,Records of PPAP are to be retained for the life of the part plus one calendar year.,Marketing & Communications,Elements of a PPAP,Part submission warrant,Subcontractor warrants,Design record (customer/design documentation),Sample/Master sample (Master sample retained by supplier),Dimensional analysis,Test data,Flow diagram,Control plan,PFMEA,Measurement Systems Analysis (GR&R),Capability studies,Marketing & Communications,Parts Submission Warrant,Upon satisfactory completion of all required measurements and tests, enter all required information on the warrant.,A separate is required for each part number.,Responsible supplier official verifies,Measurements and tests conform to customer requirements,Required documentation is available for proper submission level.,Signs warrant and provided date, title and telephone number.,Marketing & Communications,Marketing & Communications,Part Weight,Determine part weight without packaging or shipping material.,Report weight in kilograms to three decimal places.,Weight determination,Weigh 10 parts randomly selected and report the average weight.,For parts less than 0.100 kilogram, weigh 10 parts together and report the average weight.,Marketing & Communications,Master Sample,Retain same as PPAP, or,Until new master sample is produced for the purpose of a customer approval.,Identify master sample by:,Part number,Drawing level or revision level,Customer approval date,Marketing & Communications,Preliminary Process Capability Studies,Characteristics identified in the control plan.,Usually 100 pieces minimum.,May be 30 if run is less.,Ppk,1.67 is acceptable unless otherwise specified.,Ppk,1.67 requires action plan unless otherwise specified.,Marketing & Communications,Production Trial Run,Production tooling, equipment, environment, facilities and cycle time.,Process Instructions and control plans.,Minimum quantity set by the customer.,Generally 300 parts.,Marketing & Communications,Production Trial Run Product Used For,Preliminary process capability studies.,MSA (if not completed earlier),Final Feasibility.,Process review.,Production Validation Testing.,PPAP,Packaging evaluation,First time capability,Quality planning sign-off,Marketing & Communications,Measurement System Analysis (MSA),Complete studies as defined in the MSA plan.,Minimum are those identified in the control plan.,Subjected to evaluation prior to or during production trial.,Marketing & Communications,Packaging Evaluation,Packaging must conform to specifications developed by customer or supplier.,Assess protection of product.,Customer specified packaging must be evaluated by team.,Pilot or production trial run parts usually used in evaluation.,Marketing & Communications,Floor Plan Layout,Determine acceptability of inspection and test points.,Control chart locations,Visual aides,Interim repair stations,Nonconforming material storage,Keyed to material flow and control plan,Marketing & Communications,Review and Sign-Off,Process instructions in place and,followed!,Flow charts in place and,followed!,GR&R plans exist and are followed,Publish final feasibility report,Obtain formal sign-off,Schedule and conduct management review,Obtain management commitment to assist in open issues,Marketing & Communications,Quality Problems,yes,no,no,yes,no,yes,no,yes,Cause unknown,Use PFMEA,Note: When a customer problem occurs, follow customer prescribed methodology,When to use 8-D,When the cause is unknown,When you need to get input from several parties,When customers dictate use,Note: We use voting techniques, X to Y variable testing, and IS/IS Not to determine the root cause. However, you still may not know what the root cause is?,Update the PFMEA & Control Plans,Process,Flow,PFMEA,Control,Plan,Work,Instruction,Scrap, Rework Data,Warranty & Assembly Plant Data,After the 8-D is completed, the PMEA and the control plan should be revised and updated as applicable,