LTE Technology

Mastertitelformat bearbeiten,Mastertextformat bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,UMTS Long Term EvolutionTechnology,Introduction and Update,Christina,Gessner,Christina.Gessnerrohde-,Technology Manager Rohde & Schwarz, Germany,Contents,LTE update on standardization / certification activities,LTE technology basics,LTE TDD mode / TD-LTE,LTE protocol architecture:,Bearer setup,Mobility,Related topics:,What is SON?,What about LTE femto base stations?,Outlook on LTE-advanced,Introduction to UMTS LTEOverview 3GP,P UMTS,evolution,3GPP = 3rd Generation Partnership Project,WCDMA = Wideband Code Division Multiple Access,HSDPA = High Speed Downlink Packet Access,HSUPA = High Speed Uplink Packet Access,HSPA = High Speed Packet Access,LTE = Long Term Evolution,Introduction,to UMTS LTE,Overview,TD-SCDMA,evolution,3GPP = 3rd Generation Partnership Project,HSDPA = High Speed Downlink Packet Access,HSUPA = High Speed Uplink Packet Access,HSPA = High Speed Packet Access,LTE = Long Term Evolution,TD-SCDMA,HSDPA,HSUPA,TD-LTE HSPA+,3GPP release,3GPP Release 4,3GPP Release 5,3GPP Release 7,3GPP Release 8,Downlink data rate,384/128 kbps (,typ,.),2.8 Mbps (peak),2.8 Mbps (peak)*,LTE:100,Mbps(req,.),Uplink data rate,128 kbps (,typ,.),128 kbps (,typ,.),2.2,Mbs,(peak)*,LTE: 50 Mbps (req.),* Higher data rate with the use of multi carrier possible,Status of LTE core specifications as of March 2009RAN plenary #43,Layer 1 specifications:,Stabilizing,62 change requests agreed in Q1 09,Radio Interface Layer 2 and 3 Protocol Aspects,Stabilizing, 100 change requests in Q1 09,ASN.1 has been frozen,eUTRAN interfaces (RAN3) officially completed,ASN.1 has been frozen,Release 9 work items, extract,Rel-9 Features,Name,Responsibility,Start,Date,Finish Date,MBMS support in LTE,R2 (R3 , R4),06/03/2009,Dec-09,Support of Home NB and Home eNB enhancements,R3, R2,06/03/2009,Dec-09,Network-Based Positioning Support for LTE,R2,06/03/2009,10/12/2009,LTE TDD Home eNodeB RF Requirements,R4,06/03/2009,10/12/2009,SON,R3,06/03/2009,10/12/2009,LTE Improvements,Name,Responsibility,Start,Date,Finish,Date,LTE Pico NodeB RF Requirements,R4,06/03/2009,05/03/2010,Enhanced DL transmission for LTE,R1,06/03/2009,Dec-09,Ongoing LTE related work items, extract- release 9 contents,MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services) support in LTE,LTE FDD Home eNodeB RF Requirements,LTE TDD Home eNodeB RF Requirements,Support of Home NB and Home eNB enhancements,LTE Pico NodeB RF Requirements,Positioning support for LTE,Network-Based Positioning Support for LTE,SON (Self-Optimizing networks),Enhanced DL transmission for LTE (- enhanced beamforming),LTE terminal certification,process based on 2G/3G technology,Accredited test labs perform certifications,Specification Development Organizations (SDOs) define standards and test specifications,Certification organizations define certification criteria,Test equipment vendors supply test platforms and validated test cases,Status of LTE in 3GPP RAN5 as of February 2009,3GPP RAN5 provides LTE terminal test specifications for,RF,Radio Resource Management (RRM),Signaling,Prioritization of test cases provided, based on network operator input,3GPP RAN5 status as of February 2009:,Signaling conformance tests:,prose: 40% completion, no difference betw. FDD and TDD assumed on prose level,TTCN-3: 20% completion of the first batch of test cases (in total 463 test cases in batch#1 - #3),RF conformance tests (incl. RRM): 70 % / 65 % completion for FDD / TDD,Overall completion date for FDD/TDD shifted to Sep 2009,GCF status as of January 2009,LTE was introduced in GCF in March 2008,Work item structure for FDD/TDD available,Applicable bands defined as starting point:,FDD: band 1, band 7, band 13,TDD: band 38, band 40,Current planning (review ongoing):,Certification activation for TDD and FDD: Q4 2010,Work is based on 3GPP (RAN5) activities for LTE FDD/TDD conformance test cases,Current work item structure:,WI-080 EUTRA RF Rel-8 FDD,WI-081 EUTRA Protocol Rel-8 FDD,WI-082 EPC Protocol Rel-8 FDD,WI-090 E-UTRA RF Rel-8 TDD,WI-091 E-UTRA Protocol Rel-8 TDD,WI-092 EPC Protocol Rel-8 TDD,EPC = Evolved Packet Core,3GPP LTE,Physical,Layer,Specifications,TS36.201E-UTRA; Physical layer; General description,TS36.211 E-UTRA; Physical Channels and Modulation,TS36.212E-UTRA; Multiplexing and channel coding,TS36.213E-UTRA; Physical layer procedures,TS36.214E-UTRA; Physical layer; Measurements,3GPP LTE Radio Protocol Specifications,TS 36.300,E-UTRA and E-UTRAN; Overall description; Stage 2,TS 36.302 Services provided by the physical layer,TS 36.304 UE procedures in idle mode,TS 36.306 UE radio access capabilities,TS 36.321 MAC protocol specification,TS 36.322 RLC protocol specification,TS 36.323 PDCP protocol specification,TS 36.331 RRC specification,3GPP LTE Performance and Test Specifications,Performance Specifications:,TS 36.101,User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception,TS 36.104,Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception,TS 36.133 Requirements for support of radio resource management (RRM),Test Specifications BS:,TS36.141 Base,Station (BS) conformance testing,Test Specifications UE:,TS 36.521-1 v1.0.0 (TX/RX/Performance requirements),Chapter 6 and 7 will cover both FDD and TDD.,Section 8 will cover performance requirement test cases. The structure will follow the structure of TS 36.101 and separate FDD and TDD test case.,TS 36.521-3 v0.3.0 (RRM),TS 36.521-2 v0.2.0 (Applicability),Additional test scenarios for LTE terminal IO(D)TDifferent sources for maximum test coverage,IOT test coverage,Basic procedures and bearer verification (,registration, bearer setup, VoIP call, ),Network-specific IOT requirements for terminal acceptance,Common Test,Descriptions“,agreed in LSTI IO(D)T activity,LSTI forum,Network operators,Rohde & Schwarz,LTE R&D / IOT Test,Scenario,Roadmap,Overview,CMW-KF502 - Basic LTE Procedures, 10 Test Scenarios,Basic RRC and NAS procedures,Registration, EPS bearer setup, detach,Cell selection, cell reselection, GUTI reallocation, TA update,CMW-KF503 - EPS Bearer Verification, 20 Test Scenarios,Activation and verification of EPS bearers,SISO/ MIMO bearers,FTP Transfer, VoIP (external IMS),CMW-KF504 - Intra-LTE Mobility and Handover, 20 Test Scenarios,Cell reselection and handovers within LTE,Neighbour,cell measurements,Intra- and inter frequency,neighbour,cell configurations,LTE R&D / IOT Test Scenario Roadmap,Overview,CMW-KF505 - LTE IO(D)T and Field Trial, 40 Test Scenarios,Available in Q2:,System Information Acquisition,Initial attach & default EPS bearer setup,Detach procedure,Single Cell Data Transfer,Discontinuous Reception,Available in Q3:,Tracking area Update,Cell Reselection,UE Measurement Control,Intra-frequency handover,LTE R&D / IOT Test Scenario Roadmap,MLAPI Test Scenario Packages,LTE R&D / IOT Test Scenario Roadmap,MLAPI LTE Test Scenario List,For a list of all currently planned LTE MLAPI test scenarios, please refer to the attached Excel sheet.,Click here ,LTE technology basi,cs,Introduction to U,MTS LTE:,Key parameters,Frequency Range,UMTS FDD bands and UMTS TDD bands,Channel bandwidth,1 Resource Block=180 kHz,1.4 MHz,3 MHz,5 MHz,10 MHz,15 MHz,20 MHz,6,Resource Blocks,15,Resource Blocks,25,Resource Blocks,50,Resource Blocks,75,Reso,urce Blocks,100,Resource Blocks,Modulation,Schemes,Downlink:,QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM,Uplink:,QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM (optional for handset),Multiple Access,Downlink:,OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access),Uplink:,SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access),MIMO technology,Downlink:,Wide choice of MIMO configuration options for transmit diversity, spatial multiplexing, and cyclic delay diversity (max. 4 antennas at base station and handset),Uplink:,Multi user collaborative MIMO,Peak Data Rate,Downlink:,150 Mbps (UE category 4, 2x2 MIMO, 20 MHz),300 Mbps (UE category 5, 4x4 MIMO, 20 MHz),Uplink:,75 Mbps (20 MHz),LTE frequency bands,Work on,UMTS/LTE 3500 MHz ongoing,Multi-RAT requirements (GSM/EDGE, UMTS, CDMA),MIMO multiple antenna schemes,Timing requirements (1 ms,transm.time,interval),New radio transmission schemes (OFDMA / SC-FDMA),Major technical challenges in LTE,Throughput / data rate requirements,Scheduling (shared channels, HARQ, adaptive modulation),System Architecture Evolution (SAE),FDD and TDD mode,time,frequency,1 resource block =180 kHz = 12 subcarriers,1 slot = 0.5 ms = 7 OFDM symbols*,1 subframe = 1 ms= 1 TTI*=1 resource block pair,LTE DownlinkOFDMA,time-frequency,multiplexing,*TTI = transmission time interval,* For normal cyclic prefix duration,Subcarrier spacing = 15 kHz,QPSK, 16QAM or 64QAM modulation,UE1,UE4,UE3,UE2,UE5,UE6,LTE UE categories (downlink and uplink),300 Mbps,peak DL data rate for 4x4 MIMO,150 Mbps,peak DL data rate for 2x2 MIMO,75 Mbps peak UL data rate,MIMO = Multiple Input Multiple Output,UL-SCH = Uplink Shared Channel,DL-SCH = Downlink Shared Channel,UE = User Equipment,TTI = Transmission Time Interval,LTE,TDD / TD-LTE,Frequency,bands,E-UTRA BAND,Uplink,(UL),eNode,b,receive,UE,transmit,Downlink,(DL),eNode,b,transmit,UE,receive,F,UL_low,F,UL_high,F,DL_low,F,DL_high,33,1900,MHz,1920,MHz,1900,MHz,1920,MHz,34,2010 MHz2025,MHz,2010 MHz2025,MHz,35,1850 MHz 1910 MHz,1850 MHz 1910 MHz,36,1930 MHz 1990 MHz,1930 MHz 1990 MHz,37,1910 MHz 1930 MHz,1910 MHz 1930 MHz,38,2570 MHz 2620 MHz,2570 MHz 2620 MHz,39,1880 MHz -1920 MHz,1880 MHz -1920 MHz,40,2300 MHz -2400 MHz,2300 MHz -2400 MHz,100,75,50,25,15,6,TDD mode,100,75,50,25,15,6,FDD mode,20,15,10,5,3,1.4,Channel bandwidth MHz,number of resource blocks,For TDD,mode,uplink,and downlink is on the same frequency,band,Bandwidth,LTE Frame Structure Type 2,(,for,5 ms,switch-point periodicity,),One,radio,frame,T,f,=10 ms,One half-,frame,T,hf,= 5 ms,Subframe,#5,Subframe,#7,Subframe,#8,Subframe,#9,DwPTS,GP,UpPTS,Subframe,#2,Subframe,#3,Subframe,#4,One,slot,T,slot,= 0.5 ms,T = 1 ms,One subframe,T,sf,= 1 ms,DwPTS,GP,UpPTS,Subframe,#0,DwPTS:,downlink pilot time slot,UpPTS:,uplink pilot time slot,GP:,main guard period for TDD operation,Uplink-downlink configurations,Uplink-downlink configuration,Downlink-to-Uplink Switch-point periodicity,0,5 ms,1,5 ms,2,5 ms,3,10 ms,4,10 ms,5,10ms,6,5,ms,Subframe number,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,D,S,U,U,U,D,S,U,U,U,D,S,U,U,D,D,S,U,U,D,D,S,U,D,D,D,S,U,D,D,D,S,U,U,U,D,D,D,D,D,D,S,U,U,D,D,D,D,D,D,D,S,U,D,D,D,D,D,D,D,D,S,U,U,U,D,S,U,U,D,D =,the,subframe is reserved for downlink transmissions,U = the subframe is reserved for uplink transmissions,S = a special subframe with the three fields DwPTS, GP and UpPTS,LTE,TDD signal analysisPower vs Time,LTE,protocol,architecture,LTE/SAE Network architecture,MME = Mobility Management EntityEPS = Evolved Packet SystemEPC = Evolved Packet CoreP-GW = Packet Data Network GatewayS-GW = Serving GatewayNAS = Non Access StratumRB = Radio Bearer,LTE/SAE Network architecture,eNB,= Evolved,NodeB,MME = Mobility Management EntityS-GW = Serving GatewayE-UTRAN = Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network,System information broadcast,Master Information Block (on BCH), periodicity 40 ms:,System bandwidth, number of transmit antennas, PHICH configuration, SFN,System Information Block Type 1,(on DL-SCH), periodicity 80 ms:,PLMN IDs, Tracking Area Code,Cell identity, Access restrictions, scheduling information,System information blocks with same scheduling requirements can be mapped to same SI message (DL-SCH),System,information,ETWS = Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System,MIB:Physical layer info,SIB Type 1:Access restrictions, SIB scheduling info,SIB Type 2:Common and shared channel info,SIB Type 3:Cell reselection info,SIB Type 4:Cell reselection info, intra-fr. neighbour info,SIB Type 5:Cell reselection info, inter-fr. neighbour info,SIB Type 6:Cell reselection info,for UTRA,SIB Type 7:Cell reselection info,for GERAN,SIB Type 8:Cell reselection info,for CDMA2000,SIB Type 9:Home eNB identifier (HNBID),SIB Type 10:ETWS primary notification,SIB Type 11:ETWS secondary notification,Initial access procedure,Sent on PRACH resources associated with RA-RNTI,Generated by MAC sent on DL-SCH with RA-RNTI; assignment of Temporary C-RNTI, timing advance, initial uplink grant,Sent on UL-SCH; includes NAS UE identifier and RRC CONNECTION REQUEST,Early contention resolution (mirroring of uplink message) generated by MAC sent on DL-SCH,RRC Connection Establishment,EPS Bearer Service Architecture,Default EPS bearer setup,UE,EUTRAN / core network,Initial access and RRC connection establishmentattach request and PDN connectivity request,Authentication,NAS security,UE capability procedure,AS security,RRC connection reconfigurationAttach accept and default EPS bearer context request,Default EPS bearer context accept,Handover,(,Intra-MME/Serving Gateway),UE,Source eNB,Measurement reporting,Handover decision,Handover request,Handover request Ack,RRC connection reconfiguration,Target eNB,MME,Admission Control,Detach from old, sync to new cell,Deliver packets to target eNB,SN Status Transfer,Data forwarding,Buffer packets from source eNB,RRC connection reconfiguration complete,Path switch Req / Ack,UE context release,Flush buffer,Release resources,Mobility from EUTRA to another RAT,Covers handover,to UTRAN, GERAN, CDMA, and,cell change,order to GERAN,Related topics,What is SON?,SON = Self-Organizing Networks, methods for automatic configuration and optimization of the network,3 components:,Self-Configuration:,basic setup: IP address configuration, association with a Gateway, software download,Initial radio configuration: neighbour list configuration,Self-Optimization:,Neighbour list optimization, coverage/capacity optimization,Self-Healing:,Failure detection/localization,Status of LTE femto cells / Home eNodeB,3G/HSPA home NodeB RF requirements are completed.,For LTE, the work on RF requirements has not been started and is therefore not part of release 8 timeframe, but work is started for release 9.,Also changes on protocol level / architecture are needed for femto support, e.g. the introduction of the Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) concept (initial functionality is available in release 8 already).,Only basic idle mode mobility is supported in release 8, more enhancements will come up in release 9.,Outlook on LTE-advanced,LTE Standardization Status,Outlook: LTE-Advanced,ITU-R has invited submission of candidate radio technologies for IMT-Advanced.,Key features of IMT-Advanced:,Enhanced peak data rates to support advanced services and applications (100,Mbit/s,for high and 1,Gbit/s,for low mobility),Capability of interworking with other radio access systems,Worldwide roaming capability,3GPP Study Item on LTE-Advanced (“Further advancements for E-UTRA”) was raised in March 2008.,Completion is expected for September 2009.,3GPP prepares the following submissions to ITU-R:,An “Early Proposal” (October 2008),A “Complete Technology” submission ( June 2009).,A “Final” submission with updates, additional specific details or feature additions, and the required self-evaluation ( October 2009).,LTE-Advanced,Important,technology,features,Coordinated multipoint TX/RX (CoMP),Downlink MIMO extension up to 8x8,OFDMA/SC-FDMA,Relaying technology,Uplink MIMO extension up to 4x4,Radio network evolution,Further enhanced MBMS,Wider bandwidthsupport,TR 36.913 Requirements for further advancements for EUTRA (LTE-Advanced)“,TR 36.814 “Further Advancements for E-UTRA, Physical Layer Aspects”,Relaying,Principle and motivation,Relay nodes are introduced and wirelessly connected to the radio access network via a donor cell,In- or outband operation,Transparent or non-transparent relays (whether UE is aware of relay),Smart repeaters, decode- and forward relays, L2 relays,Benefits:,Coverage,extension,Capacity increase,Throughput improvement, especially of cell-edge UEs,But deployment should be cost-effective compared to,pico,-cells (minimize,functions,maximize,performance,gain,),Relaying,Types,Layer 1 relay node (,advanced repeater with measurable, controllable and power control functionality,),Low cost,Low delay,Less spectral efficient due to requirement for longer CP,Layer 2 relay node (MAC with scheduler),Regeneration of received signals (higher link quality),Decoding and re-encoding,Sub-band scheduling, AMC, power control,Higher cost and longer delay,Layer 3 relay node (RRC),Full service relay (i.e. sub,eNB,),Mobility management, session setup, handover,Higher cost and longer delay,Or used with X2/S1 functionality: forwards user-plane traffic data packet using IP layer for cost-efficient backhauling,LTE-Advanced,Coordinated Multipoint Tx/Rx (CoMP),Coordinated scheduling and/or beamforming,data to a single UE is instantaneously transmitted from one of the transmission points,scheduling decisions are coordinated to control e.g. the interference generated in a set of coordinated cells.,Joint processing/transmission,data to a single UE is simultaneously transmitted from multiple transmission points, e.g. to (coherently or non-coherently) improve the received signal quality and/or cancel actively interference for other UEs,More readingApplication Note 1MA111,Rohde,& Schwarz,LTE test solutions (UE),Rohde,& Schwarz,LTE test solutions (BS),Thank you for your,attention!,