国际结算 SWIFT等介绍

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,电子支付体系,银行A,Modem,调制解调器,POP,银行B,Modem,POP,电话接,入网点,SWIFT Net,POP电话,接入网点,Customer-managedDial router,顾客的拨号,SWIFTNet,或,MT=Message test standard,=标准格式（的信息）,S.W.I.F.T.= 环球银行间金融电讯协会：Society for,Worldwide inter-bank Financial Telecommunication,优点:,速度快、更可靠的通讯,减少交易错误,传递成本更低,效率更高,数据统计更精确,提高了安全性,1,S.W.F.T. 网络,SWIFT在布鲁塞,尔的操作中心,SWIFT 在阿姆斯,特丹的操作中心,SWIFT 在幅吉尼亚的操作中心,分处理器,分处理器,分处理器,地区处理器,地区处理器,地区,处理器,用户,用户,用户,用户,用户,用户,2,SWIFT,的信息输送量,信息总量,(,至,2004,年6月30日）,1,321,305,048,信息增长数量,(,本年度至今的输送总量,),12.91%,日平均输送量,(,本年至今,),9,040,746,增加数量,(,日平均数量,),12.56%,最近的高峰日数量,:,30 June 2004,10,139,170,SWIFT,接通效率,接通率,99.999%,传递率,99.995%,总服务率,99.995%,SWIFT,客户数量,国家数量,202,会员数量,2,293,分会员数量,3,018,其它参与者,2,267,现存总用户,7,578,S.W.I.F.T. 统计数据,3,10种标准格式信息,MT 100 顾客汇款与支票,MT 200 银行头寸调拨,MT 300 外汇买卖和存放款,MT 400 托收,MT 500 证券,MT 600 贵金属和辛迪加,MT 700 跟单信用证和保函,MT 800 旅行支票,MT 900 银行帐务,MT 1000 SWIFT系统电报,（1）,每一类电讯根据业务情况分为若干种格式,，每一种格式又由若干个项目组成。每个项目,可根据业务要求进行多种选择。,（2）,电讯传递安全可靠。每一份电讯都得到,SWIFT的发妥或未发妥证实，在未发妥证实中,说明未发妥的原因。,（3）,自动核押加密。SWIFT密押(authentication key)由电脑自动完成编押、核,押工作。密押的组成根据电文中的货币名称、金额、日期以及每一个字符作,为编押依据，在每份电讯最后写上自动核押（SAC=SYSTEM AUTHENTICATION,CORRECT）字样。,（4）,SWIFT,速度快，费用底，是普通电传的48192倍，每份电讯的费用是普通,电报的2 / 3左右，是电传的1 / 7。,4,Example of MT700 (Documentary Credit ):,D1022TLRM301,R1022BJT0 174,ZCZC BJT174 CPUA347 S9710221753210RN105122463,P3 TJBOC,.ICUA,:TO:,1751 22 BKCHCNBJA20010512,（发电银行参考号）,BANK OF CHNINA TIANJIN,:FM:1718 22CHGKJPJZAXXX28202,CHUGOKU BANK, LTD., THE OKAYAMA,: MT: 700 02,: 27: SEQUENCE OF TOTAL: 1 / 2,: 40A: FORM OF DOC. CREDIT: IRREVOCABLE,: 20: DOC.CREDIT NUMBER: 17-10-537,: 31C: DATE OF ISSUE: 971216,: 31d: EXPIRY: DATE: 971216,PLACE: IN CHINA,: 50: APPLICANT: MARUBENI CORPORATION 5-7 HONMACHI 2-CHOME CHUO-KO,OSAKA JAPAN,: 59: BENEFICIARY: TIANJIN ANMAL BY-PRODUCTS IMPORT AND EXPORT CORP.,80 YANTAI STREET, TIANJIN, CHINA,: 32B: AMOUNT: CURRENCY: USD AMOUNT:46530,00,5,: 39A: POS./ NEG. TOL. 05/05,: 41-: AVALIABLE WITH / BY : ANY BANK BY NEGOTIATION,: 42C: DRAFTS AT : DTRAFTS AT SIGHT,: 42- : DRAWEE: CHGKJPJZ,: SX42: CHGKJPJZXXX CHUGOKU BANK, LTD., THE OKAYAMA,: 43P: PARTIAL SHIPMENTS: ALLOWED,: 43T: TRASSHIPMENT: PROHIBITED,: 44A: LOADING IN CHARGES: SHIPMENT FROM CHINESE PORT,: 44B: FOR TRANSPORT TO: FOR TRANSPORTATION TO OSAKA / NAGOYA, JAPAN,: 44C: LATEST DATE OF SHIP: 971125,: 45A: SHIPMENT OF GOODS: LIGHT GREY DEHAIRED GOATSWOOL(KVT02),CONTRACT NO.9707JW518 1,000KGS.AT USD 47.00/KG. C.I.F. OSAKA /,NAGOYA, JAPAN,: 46A: DOCUMENTS REQUIRED:,+ SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE IN SEXTUPLICATE INDICATING CONTRACT,NO.BB2769 AND ACCOUNTEES REF. NO.3X345.,+ FULL SET OF CLEAN ON BOARD OCEAN BILLS OF LADING MADE OUT TO,ORDER OF SHIPPER AND BLANK ENDORSED AND MARKED FREIGHT,PREPAID AND NOTIFY MARUBENI CORPORATION, OSAKA.,+ INSURANCE POLICY OR CERTIFICATE IN DUPLICATE, ENDORSED IN BLANK,FOR 110 PERCENT OF THE INVOICE VALUE, INCLUDING:,接上页,6,OCEAN MARINE CARGO CLAUSES (ALL RISKS),AND OCEAN MARINE WAR RISKS OF PICC,CLAIMS TO BE PAYABLE IN JAPAN IN THE CURRENCY OF THE DRAFT（S）,+WEIGHT LIST， CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN / QUALITY CERTIFICATE /,VETERINARY CERTIFICATE IN DUPLICATE,: 47A ADDITIONAL COND.:,:71B: DETAILS OF CHARGES: +ALL BANKING CHARGES OUTSIDE JAPAN AND,REMITTANCE CHARGES AND ITS CABLE CHARGES ARE FOR BENEFICIARYS,ACCOUNT,: 48: PRESENTATION ERIOD: DOCUMENTS TO BE PRESENTED WITHIN 21 DAYS OF,AFTER THE DATEOF ISSUANCE OF TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS BUT WITHIN THE,VALIDITY OF THE CREIDT,: 49: CONFIRMATION: WITHOUT,: 53- : REIMBURSEMENT BANK: CHGKJPJZ,: SX53: CHGKJPJZXXX,+CHUGOKU BANK, LTD., THE,+OKAYAMA,: 78: INSTRUCTIONS: THE NEGOTIATING BANK MUST SEND ALL DOCUMENTS AND,DRAFTS TO US 15-20, MARUNOUCHI 1-CHOME, OKAYAMA JAPAN (P.O. BOX 28,OKAYAMA 700-91, JAPAN) IN TWO CONSECUTIVE AIRMAILS. NEGOTIATING,7,接上页,BANKS INSTRUCTIONS.,- MAC / BC1A4AD8,: SAC,=10222304,NNNN,Shipment / Dispatch / Taking in charge,from / at . For transportation to 由 装运至,44,O,Transshipment 转运,43T,O,Partial shipments 分批装运,43P,O,Drafts at Drawn on . 汇票期限 票据开给,42,O,Available with by 结算银行，结算方式,41M,M,Amount specification 金额说明,39,O,Currency Code, Amount 计价货币代码、金额,32B,M,Beneficiary 受益人,59,M,Applicant 申请人,50,M,Applicant bank申请人的开证行,51s,O,Date and place of expiry 到期日和地点,31D,M,Date of issue 开证日期,31C,O,Reference to Pre-Advice 预告摘要,23,O,Documentary Credit No. 信用证编号,20,M,Form of Documentary Credit 信用证类别,40A,M,Sequence of total 合计次序,27,M,MT 700 ISSUE OF DOCUMENTARY CREDIT,Bank A,Bank B,8,Bank to Bank Information 银行间通讯,72,O,“Advising through” Bank 转递银行,57s,O,Instructions to the Pay / Acc. / Neg. Bank 给指定银行的指示,78,O,Reimbursement Bank 偿付行,53s,O,Confirmation instructions 保兑予否的指示,49,M,Period for presentation 交单时间,48,O,Charges 费用,71B,O,Additional Conditions 附加条件,47A,O,Documents required 所需单据,46A,O,Shipment of ( goods ) 商品描述和交易条件,45A,O,MT 700 ISSUE OF DOCUMENTARY CREDIT,收电银行参考号的构成 ：,1751 22 BKCH CN BJ A 200 1051,收电时间,收电日期,银行代码,国家代码,城市代码,终端编码,分行代码,收电序号,M = Mandatory,必选项,O = Optional,任选项,ACK=收妥证实,NAK=,该电未发妥,9,发电银行参考号的构成 ：,1718 22 CHGK JP JZ S 181 28202,发电时间,发电日期,银行代码,国家代码,城市代码,终端编码,分行代码,发电序号,MT700/701：开立信用证时使用的格式,MT705：信用证预先通知,MT707：信用证修改,MT710/711：通知由第三家银行开立跟单信用证,MT720/721：转让跟单信用证,MT730：确认收妥跟单信用证，证实已同治受益人,MT732：通知单据已经被申请人接受,MT734：通知单证不符和拒绝通知,MT740：偿付授权,MT742：索偿,MT750：电提,MT752：接受电提,MT754：指定银行通知开证行,单证相符已付款,MT756：偿付行通知已付款,10,纽约票据交换所银行同业清算系统(CHIPS),美联储纽约分行,会员,银行,A,会员银行,F,会员银行,E,会员银行,D,会员银行,C,会员银行B,非会,员银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会,员银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会员银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,A行的帐户,B行的帐户,C行的帐户,D行的帐户,E行的帐户,F行的帐户,每个会员银行有,一个ABA号码。,每个在会员银行开,立帐户的非会员银,行有个UID号码。,CHIPS 信 息 系 统,11,CHIPS,一个净额结算系统,3226,1172,2054,净额,总额,297,222,1162,1545,净 额,总额,47892,8238,7918,9016,7919,6882,7921,借记,8535,2618,579,2548,1836,954,银行F,6746,1913,1593,1108,816,1316,银行E,6962,2501,483,2158,1546,274,银行D,8139,692,2511,684,528,3724,银行C,8044,1268,1452,2943,728,1653,银行B,9466,1864,845,3217,1375,2156,银行A,贷记,银行F,银行E,银行D,银行C,银行B,银行 A,换 入,换 出,换出 在清算所换给其它银行的支票,其它银行要支付的支票,换入在清算所换入的支票要支付给其它银行的支票,单位: 千USD,贷记余额 借记余额 = 净额,12,作为支付系统的CHIPS:,CHIPS已在世界上获得最有效率、大额、实时支付系统的声誉,每天划拨款平均总额为,$1.37,万亿，其中只有,$28,亿,需要融资。,每天平均结算和清算交易,267,000,笔。,每天同过本系统处理的所有付款中有,85%,在下午,12,点前,完成。,处理跨境美元付款中的,95%,。,全世界只有美国实时支付系统带有汇款信息递交能力。,拥有,34,年的经验、知识和可靠性。,全世界,22,个国家使用本系统。,提供大,额和小额,支付交易服务。,提供美元外汇结算。,提供金融结算服务，不包括贷款及其利息支付。,提供商务付款服务,提供离岸投资服务。,13,通过CHIPS电汇例子,FM: ICBC, TIANJIN,TO: CHEMICAL BANK, NEW YORK,DATE: 14,TH,JUNE,TEST 2819 OUR REF 97TT-0125 PAY USD 650,000.00 VALUE TODAY,TO SANWA BANK LTD. NEW YORK BY CHIPS,ABA,982 FOR CREDIT,OF THEIR INTERNATIONAL HEADQUATERS TOKYO ACCOUNT,UID,024153 MESSAGE OUR LC 15237 THEIR BP 70054376 ORDER TIANJIN,ADVANCED MACHINARY EQUIPMENT CORP. TIANJIN COVER DEBIT,OUR HO USD A / C WITH YOU.,14,英格兰银行,会员,银行,A,会员银行,F,会员银行,E,会员银行,D,会员银行,C,会员银行B,非会,员银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会,员银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,非会员银行,开立,帐户,非会员,银行,开立,帐户,借记银行E 的帐户,贷记银行F 的帐户,每个非会员银在会,员银行开立帐户。,结算信息,（英国）票据交换所自动支付系统（CHAPS）,15,CHAPS的新发展,（1）,CHAPS仍然是世界最大的实时总额结算(RTGS)系统，向其会员银,行及其约400家代理行提供实时总额结算服务。,新会员资格标准若要成为或保持会员银行，金融机构必须： 在英格兰银行开立英镑和/或欧元帐户，以便进行CHAPS结算； 有能力持续遵守CHAPS系统的技术和操作要求； 是本公司的股东； 支付加入费；,会员费为100,000，用于CHAPS英镑 或欧元或两者清算。本标,准和收费水平每年进行校订和更新。,16,CHAPS清算公司是跨国、双货币清算系统，是世界上唯一双货,币支付系统和最大的RTGS系统之一。其交易数量持续增长。,截止到2009年的最大日交易数量和金额是：,CHAPS的新发展,（2）,英镑,205,301,324 billion,欧元,33,239,303 billion,交易金额,交易数量,17,CHAPS英镑会员,CHAPS欧元会员,ABN AMRO BANK N. V.荷兰银行,ABBEY伦敦阿比国民银行,BANK OF ENGLAND英格兰银行,ABN AMRO BANK N. V荷兰银行.,BANK OF SCOTLAND苏格兰银行,BANK OF AMERICA N.A. 美洲银行,BARCLAYS BANK PLC巴克莱银行,BANK OF ENGLAND英格兰银行,CITIBANK N. A.花旗银行,BANK OF SCOTLAND 苏格兰银行,CLYDESDALE BANK PLC,BARCLAYS BANK PLC,THE CO-OPERATIVE BANK plc合作银行,THE BANK OF TOKYO-MITSUBISHI LTD,DEUTSCHE BANK A.G.,CITIBANK N. A.花期银行,HSBC BANK PLC汇丰银行,THE CO-OPERATIVE BANK plc,LLOYDS TSB BANK plc.劳合银行,DEUTSCHE BANK A.G. 德意志银行,THE ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND plc,DnB NOR BANK ASA,STANDARD CHARTERED BANK查打银行,HSBC BANK plc.汇丰银行,J P MORGAN AG.摩根银行,LLOYDS TSB BANK plc劳合银行,NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK,NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK plc,THE ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND plc,STANDARD CHARTERED BANK,WACHOVIA BANK N.A.,国民西敏司银行,苏格兰皇家银行,澳大利亚国民银行,18,欧元支付清算系统(TARGET),TARGET(Trans-European Automated Real Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System),是欧洲间实时全额自动清算系统的简称 ,是欧元支付清算系统。,19,联储银行支付系统 (Fed Wire),（1）,什么是Fed Wire?,Fedwire是联邦储备银行电子网络，是高速电子通讯网络，将联,邦储备委员会、12个美联储银行及其24家支行、美国财政部和,其它联邦机构联结在一起。,Fed Wire是干什么用的？,Fedwire用于：, 时间要求紧的大额美元支付；, 联储银行之间的资金划拨；, 代理行之间联邦基金买卖的划拨；, 美国政府记账债券的买卖；, 收取税款和银行帐户上的贷款划拨；, 资金支付。,20,美联储,分行,美联储,分行,美联储,分行,美联储,分行,美联储,分行,用户,用户,用户,用户,用户,用户,用户,用户,12 家美联储分行和24家支行,联储银行支付系统 (Fed Wire),（2）,21,谁与Fedwire连接?, 美联储会员银行, 在美联储开立帐户的储蓄机构, 在美国的外国银行,其缺陷,支付系统的电讯不允许携带额外的信息。银行收到,电划之后经常不知道付款用途。,联储银行支付系统 (Fed Wire),（3）,22,Apply,Buyer,Applicant,Issuing,Bank,Documentary credit,Advising/,Nominated Bank,Advise,Seller,Beneficiary,Mini case: Bank refused older wine!,1.,LC stipulated whisky,10,years old,Doc.,2.,Invoice showed whisky 10 years old,3.,Age Certificate showed,whisky,12,yrs old,4.,Nominated Bank accepted Age,Certificate on the basis that 12-year-old,whisky is better than 10-year-old whisky,Send documents,Rejected documents,Who was right ?,?,?,23,Apply,Buyer,Applicant,Issuing,Bank,Documentary credit,Advising,Bank,Advise,Seller,Beneficiary,1.,LC stipulated that Inspection,Certificate be handed in.,docs,2.,Inspection Certificate showed that,the fridges were rusty,3.,Nominated Bank refused inspection,certificate,Notify Issuing bank,Rejected the discrepancy,Who was right ?,?,?,4.,The stipulation in LC did not call for,Clean,inspection certificate but for an,inspection certificate,Mini case: Defective Inspection Certificate?,24,End of lecture,Thank you for attending,25,