名词代词讲解课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Nous,名词,Nous名词,What is “noun”?,Can you give me some examples?,名词即表示人或事物名称或概念的一类词。,What is “noun”?名词即表示人或事物名称或概,Jim,吉姆,China,中,国,Mr.,Smith,史密斯先生,July,七月,Friday,星期五,Christmas,圣诞节,A Tale of,Two,Cit,ies,双城记,English,英语,Observe carefully,专有名词,:,指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的,专有名称,。,具体说来，它包括人名、,国家、,地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等,。,专有名词的首字母通常要大写,Jim吉姆China 中国Mr.,辨认下列哪些是名词，哪些不是名词：,computer,，,take,coffee,，,water,，,go notebook. bring, table, sport interesting, Monday age new actor sell,辨认下列哪些是名词，哪些不是名词：computer， tak,可数名词的复数变化,：,1.,可数,名词复数,的规则变化,：,(1),一般情况加词尾,-s,。,book- desk-,(2),以,s, x, sh, ch,等结尾的名词，通常加词尾,-es,：,stomach -,bus - box -,dish-,match-,books,desks,stomachs,buses,boxes,dishes,matches,可数名词的复数变化：1.可数名词复数的规则变化：books,Practice:,There are many,(bus) and,(car) on the street.,.I have two,(watch), so I give a,.,(watch) to my sister.,Yesterday I went to the supermarket and bought some,.,（,dish,）,cars,buses,watches,watch,dishes,Practice:There are many,3),以,y,结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：,以,“,辅音字母,+y”,结尾的名词，将,y,改为,ies,；,如：,city-cities, baby-babies,，,country,，,family,。,以,“,元音字母,+y”,结尾的名词，直接加词尾,-s,：,如：,toy / toys,holiday / holidays ,day,boy.,名词代词讲解课件,(4) 以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v加es:,如：Wife妻子， knife 刀子， wolf狼,Thief小偷，shelf架子， self自己,Life 生命 half一半，leaf树叶。,(4) 以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v加es:,(4),以,f,或,fe,结尾的名词,f,fe,变成,v+es,的情况。,妻子,持,刀,去宰,狼,，,小偷,吓得发了慌。,躲在,架,后保,己,命,，,半,片,树叶,遮目光。,Wife,妻子，,knife,刀子，,wolf,狼,Thief,小偷，,shelf,架子，,self,自己,Life,生命,half,一半，,leaf,树叶。,(4) 以f或fe结尾的名词,f,fe变成v+es的情况。妻,(4),以,f,或,fe,结尾的名词，只加,S,的情况。,gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchief,海湾边，屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；,谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。,(4) 以f或fe结尾的名词，只加S的情况。,(5),以,“o”,结尾的名词,加,es,的情况,黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆；,Negro negroes, hero-heroes,Tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes,其他情况直接加,-s.,radio-radios. piano-pianos,kangaroo-kangaroos.,(5) 以“o”结尾的名词,加es的情况,We need more,(potato), can you go and take some ?,(Knife),are used for cutting,things.,Please remember to give the horse some tree,(leaf).,When we saw those,(man),we knew they we were late.,potatoes,Knives,leaves,men,We need more (pot,2.,可数,名词复数,的,不,规则变化,：,1,）单复数同形,:,Chinese,、,Japanese,、,fish,、,deer,（鹿）、,sheep,（绵羊）,There are,in the river.,We have,a fish,for lunch.,many fish,2.可数名词复数的不规则变化：many fish,2,）不规则变化，需特别记忆,man- woman-,child - tooth-,foot -,goose-,mouse- ox-,louse-lice,men,women,children,teeth,feet,geese,mice,oxen,2）不规则变化，需特别记忆men womenchildren,3,）与,man,、,woman,两个词组成的复合词， 名词,本身和这个词都要变成复数。,wo,man,doctor -,man,worker-,man,driver-,wo,men,doctor,s,m,e,n worker,s,m,e,n driver,s,3）与man、woman两个词组成的复合词， 名词wome,4,）,复合名词变复数通常是将其,主要名词变为复数：,passer,-by(,过路人,)-,looker,-on(,旁观者,)-,若没有主要名词，则通常在最后一个词尾加,s,：,eg,：,grown-up-,grown-ups,passers,-by,lookers,-on,4）复合名词变复数通常是将其主要名词变为复数：grow,3.,特殊情况,1),有些名词只有复数形式，如：,clothes,，,shorts,，,pants, goods,，,glasses(,眼镜,),(2),有些名词以,s,结尾，但不是复数形式，如：,news,，,maths,，,physics,，,politics savings(,积蓄,),(3),有些物质名词或抽象名词的单、复数形式表示 不同的含义，如：,room(,空间,),a room(,房间,),work(,工作,),works(,著作,),3.特殊情况1)有些名词只有复数形式，如：,补充：,“某国人”的复数有三种类型：,Chinese,、,Japanese,、的单复数同型，不需要加“,s,”,;,Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese,Englishmen,、,Frenchman,，复数要把“,man,”变为“,men,”；,Englishman-Englishmen.,Frenchman-Frenchmen.,其他各国人以,an,、,ian,结尾的均直接加“,s,”,:,如,Americans,、,Australians,、,Indians,Rusian-Rusians, Arab-Arabs,注意：,German,是,Germans!,中日不变，英法变，其余,-s,加后面。,补充：“某国人”的复数有三种类型：注意：German是Ger,不可数名词的量,不可数名词只有单数形式，但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量。,如：一片面包,/,一条新闻,/,一张纸,a piece of bread,/,news /paper,两,杯茶,/,两杯咖啡,two cups of tea,/,coffee,不可数名词的量,还可用,much,，,little,，,a little,，,a large amount of,，,some,，,any,，,no,，,lots of,，,plenty of,等来修饰不可数名词，如：,much money,，,some milk,还可用much，little，a little，a lar,常见的不可数名词,advice, baggage, luggage, change, furniture, homework, information, knowledge, news experience,常见的不可数名词advice, baggage, lugga,名词复数的规则变化情况 构成方法 读音 例词,一般情况 加,-s,清辅音后读,/s/ map-maps,浊辅音和元音后读,/z/ bag-bags /car-cars,以,s, sh, ch, x,等结尾 加,-es,读,/iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches,以,ce, se, ze,等结尾 加,-s,读,/iz/ license-licenses,以辅音字母,+y,结尾 变,y,为,i,再加,es,读,/iz/ baby-babies,名词复数的规则变化情况 构成方法 读音 例词,pronoun,代词,pronoun,代词的分类,人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,不定代词,指示代词,疑问代词,代词的分类,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清,分类,人称、作用,人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,主格,宾格,形容词性,名词性,第一人称,单数,I,me,my,mine,myself,复数,we,us,our,ours,ourselves,第二人称,单数,you,you,your,yours,yourself,复数,you,you,your,yours,yourselves,第三人称,单数,he,him,his,his,himself,she,her,her,hers,herself,it,it,its,its,itself,复数,they,them,their,theirs,themselves,作用,主语,宾语、表语,定语,主语、表语、宾语,宾语、表语、同位语,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清,人称代词,人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格,She,gave the books to,you,and,me,.,同时出现多个人称代词,顺序：,单数形式,: (,二、三、一）,you she/he I,复数形式,: (,一、二、三,) we you they,You, she and I will study in the same class.,人称代词,用 I me my mine myself 填空,This is my,book.,The poor girl is,.,his dictionary is at home, you can use,.,dont like sweet food.,If you have questions you can ask,.,He is a friend of,.,my,myself,mine,I,me,mine,用 I me my mine myself 填空 This,指示代词,This,、,that,、,these,、,those,He was ill yesterday. Im sorry to hear that.,*,打电话时，介绍自己用,this,，询问对方身份用,that,Eg,：,whos that?,This is Angela.,单数,复数,用法,1,用法,2,this,these,近指,指下文将要提及的事,that,those,远指,指前面刚提过的事,指示代词 This、that、 these、 thos,五、,不定代词,不指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词,all, each, every, both, either, neither,none, one, little, few, many, much,other, another, some, any, no,由,some, any, no, every,等构成的合成代词,指物,指人,everything,everyone,，,everybody,something,someone,，,somebody,anything,anyone,，,anybody,nothing,no one, nobody,五、不定代词指物指人everythingeveryone，,不定代词,（,1,）,some,和,any,都可指“一些”，但,some,用于肯定句，,any,用于否定和疑问。,I have some English books.,I dont have any English books.,Raise your hands if you have any question.,any,在肯定句中表示“任何”。,（,2,）,both/neither,用于指两者都（不），而,all/none,用于指三者或三者以上都（不）。,不定代词（1）some 和 any 都可指“一些”，但som,疑问代词,疑问代词,在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句,常见的有,:,who/ whom/ whose/ what/ which,*,What makes you think like that ?,* Who(Whom) were you talking with?,*,Which bus do I need?,*,Whats your father?,主格,宾格,所有格,指人,who,whom,whose,指人或物,which,/,/,疑问代词主格宾格所有格指人whowhomwhose指人或物w,