Learningaboutlanguage (2)课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Learning about language,1. Answer keys for Ex1 on Page4:,outdoors,upset,be concerned about,loose,go through,ignore,face to face,calm down,curtain,series,Discovering useful words and expressions,2. Answer keys for Ex. 2 on page 4:,Annes sister, Margot, was very _ that the family had to move. However, she knew that she had got to _all the difficulties with her family. She found it difficult to,settle,and _ in the hiding place, because she was _ whether they would be discovered.,upset,go through,calm down,concerned about,She,suffered from,loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. What she really missed was going _ walking the dog for her neighbour. It was such fun to watch it run _ _in the park. She wished she could tell her neighbour_ that she was sorry not to be able to do it any longer, but she knew that was too dangerous !,outdoors,loosely,face to face,3. Answer keys for Ex.3 on page 4:,When the man saw the car accident on the highway, he stopped,to,offer help.,“How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when its so dirty and,dusty,? It will only make her worse.” said the doctor.,After Peter died, George,set down,the story of their friendship in a book.,When the street lights go on,at dusk, they make a beautiful picture, so different from the daytime.,5. Good friends do not,concern about,what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed.,Although Tim and Mike come from,entirely,different backgrounds, they became close friends.,Please draw the,curtain,; the sunlight is too bright.,“Sorry, I didnt break the plate,on purpose,.”,“ Its OK. Dont worry about it.”,Grammar,直接引语和间接引语,Direct and Indirect Speech,Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1),转述他人的陈述陈述句, She,asked,me,what,I,was,doing.,1) He said , “Im going to Beijing.”, He said,that,he,was,going to Beijing.,2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”, He asked me,if /whether,I,was,a teacher.,3) She said , “What are you doing?”,2.,转述他人的疑问一般疑问句,3.,转述他人的问题特殊疑问句,陈述句,:,“I dont like computers,”,Sarah said to her friends,.,Sarah said to her friends,that,I dont like,computers.,said,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends,that,she didnt like,computers.,Sarah,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall,. ”,He said,to us,that he had been to the Great Wall,.,He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ”,He,told us,that he would give us an examination the next Monday.,陈述句,用连词,that,引导，,that,在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的,said,也可用,told,来代替，注意，可以说,said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that,，不可直接说,told that,一般疑问句,:,“,Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?,”,They asked him.,They,asked,him,if,It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.,it,is,easy to improve the condition of the soil.,asked,is,was,They asked him,if,it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.,一般疑问句,He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”,He,asked,(me),whether,/,if,I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.,He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?”,He asked whether I was interested in English.,间接引语用连词,whether,或,if,引导，原主句中谓语动词,said,要改为,asked(me/him/us,等,),，语序是陈述句的语序,特殊疑问句,：,“When do you harvest the wheat ?”,They asked him.,They asked him,When,you harvest the wheat,you,harvest,the wheat.,he,harvested,They asked him when,he harvested,the wheat.,特殊疑问句,He said to me,，“,Whats your name?”,He asked me what my name was.,He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”,He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用,ask(sb. ),来表达，语序改为陈述句语序,选择疑问句,He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”,He asked me whether I spoke English or French.,I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”,I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.,用,whetheror,表达,5.,注意地点的变化,在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化,1.,注意时态的变化,2.,注意人称变化。,3.,注意指示代词的变化,4.,注意时间的变化,6.,注意个别趋向动词的变化,When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimes need to change the,verb tense,.,You may also need to change,pronouns,time,in order to keep the same meaning.,Direct,indirect,Present,past,Past,past and past perfect,Present perfect,past perfect,Past perfect,past perfect,The geography teacher told us that the sun,rises,in the east and,sets,in the west.,谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：,1.,直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变,The geography teacher said, “The sun,rises,in the east and,sets,in the west.”,She says that,shell never forget,the days in the country.,2.,如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变,The children said, “We,love,this game.”,They told us that they,love,that game.,3.,主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。,She says, “,Ill never forget,the days in the country.”,1.,当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候,2.,当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时,3.,当直接引语中有以,when, while,引导的从句，表示过去的时间时,4.,当引语是谚语、格言时,5.,当直接引语中有情态动词,should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need,时,从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况,:,直接引语,间接引语,指示,代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,直接引语中的助动词,间接引语中的助动词,shall,should,should,Should,（不变）,will,would,would,Would,（不变）,may,might,might,Might,（不变）,can,could,could,Could,（不变）,must,Must/had to,Exercises:,1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”,2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.”,3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work,.,He said that he,hadnt heard,from him since May.,Tom said that he,would,see me,the,next week.,4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me.,5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah.,6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.,7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.,The teacher asked me,why I was,late again,.,Sarah said she,didnt,like swimming,.,His friends asked him, “,Will,you go to Dalian?”,My classmate asked me,if I had,been to Paris.,Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.,Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.,The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.,Her father asked her why she had chosen her diary and old letters.,Answer keys to exercise 2 on page 5,“Are you very hot with so many clothes on ?” Mother asked.,“What else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.,“When will/shall we go back home ?” Ann asked her father.,“Why did you talk so much to that boy ?” Father asked Anne.,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”,Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.”,We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”,Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.”,The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?”,They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?”,Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”,She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your,9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?”,Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here,10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?”,The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did rise,Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.,A. get over B. get in,C. get along D. get through,高考链接,C,解析：答案,C,。本题主要考查具体语境中,get,短语的用法。全句意为：尽管读者不知道每个单词的确切含义，但他们能够很好得读懂，即读书进展得顺利，故用,get along,。,2. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.,A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen,C. should fall D. were to fall,高考链接,B,解析：答案,B,。本题考查了,fall in love,在虚拟语气中的应用，从标志性时间状语,at the age of seven,看，宾语从句内容意指过去。在虚拟语气结构中，若指过去，从句中动词形式用过去完成时，主句中谓语动词形式用,would/should/might/ could/have done,。,3. Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble.,A. an advice B. advice,C. advices D. the advices,高考链接,B,解析：答案,B,。,Advice,若作“忠告，劝告，建议”讲，无论什么情况下都不可数，故,A,、,C,、,D,各项均属错误。,Advice,前不能用不定冠词，但可被,some,，,much,，,a lot of/lots of,，,a piece of,，,a bit of,，,a word of,等修饰。,4. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.,A. dare to say B. dare saying,C. not dare say D. dared say,高考链接,D,解析：答案,D,。本题主要考查了,dare,作为情态动词和实义动词的基本用法。作为实义动词，,dare,有人称、数和时态的变化，故,dare to say,与主语,he,相悖；,dare doing,结构本身错误；,dare,的否定形式应为,dare not do(,情态动词,),或,dont/doesnt/didnt dare (,实义动词,) to do,。,Homework,Review the knowledge of direct speech and indirect speech and summarize the rules.,Take a break!,