新概念2第69课课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,1,1,Review,坚持的两种用法：,persist in doing sth,/,insist on/upon doing sth,没人能避免犯错。,No one can avoid making mistakes,.,不懂装懂就会闹笑话。,If you pretend to know what you dont know, youll only make a fool of yourself.,阻止做某事的表达法：,stop sb (from)doing, prevent sb (from)doing,或keep sb from doing,2,Review坚持的两种用法：2,你介意把窗户打开吗？,Would you mind opening the window?,你介意我把窗户打开吗？,Would you mind my opening the window?,无论你是谁，都必须遵守规则。,No matter who you are, you must obey the rules.,无论他学习多么努力，总不能通过考试。,No matter how hard he studies, he finds it difficult to pass the exam.,动名词的用法：接lesson68,3,你介意把窗户打开吗？3,practice :,根据所给汉语，按正确形式填空：,He _ (坚持) that he do that work alone .,The teacher tells us that learning English must be _(坚持的).,She tried to _(逃避) answering my questions .,She wasnt really crying ; she was only _(假装) .,What can we do to _(阻止) the disease spreading ?,insists,persistent,avoid,pretending,prevent,4,practice :根据所给汉语，按正确形式填空：insis,Free talk: Have you seen the criminal spot?,1. If you see the thief steals others, what will you do?,2. When you notice the burglar break into your house, What kinds of measures you will take?,5,Free talk: Have you seen the c,murder,mournful,suppose,v.,假设,n.,谋杀,adj.,悲哀的,6,murdermournfulsupposev. 假设n. 谋,tap,examiner,instruct,n.,主考人,v.,轻敲,v.,命令，指示,7,tapexaminerinstruct n. 主考人v.,brake,pedal,react,n.,刹车,n.,踏板,v.,反应,8,brakepedalreactn. 刹车n. 踏板v. 反应,acquire,confidence,v.,取得，获得,n.,信心,9,acquireconfidencev. 取得，获得n. 信心,Lets review the words!,10,Lets review the words!,根据所给的汉语意思写出单词，并用其正确形式填空。,1. The teacher often _ (,指导；指示,) us how to work out maths problems.,2. She has great _ (,自信,) in her success.,3. _ (,谋杀,) is a terrible crime.,4. That girl _ (,轻敲,) her fingers on the desk impatiently.,5. _ (,考官,),：,Tell me about your family?,6. The _ (,刹车,) doesnt work well.,7. A _ (,悲哀的,) voice sings, “Are we still married?”,8. Let me see your driving _ (,执照,) .,11,根据所给的汉语意思写出单词，并用其正确形式填空。 1. T,Questions on the test:,When did the author begin to acquire confidence and why?,What was the last thing the author was asked to do by the examiner?,Did the author get the driving licence in the end?,12, Questions on the test: When,I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time. I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully. After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.,The examiner must have been pleased with my performance,for he smiled and said, Just one more thing, Mr. Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.,I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly, Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. I suddenly pressed the brake pedal and we were both thrown forward. The examiner looked at me sadly. Mr. Eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child!,13,I was being tested for a drivi,New words and expressions,murder,m:d n.,谋杀,instruct,instrkt v.,命令，指示,acquire,kwai v.,取得，获得,confidence,knfidns n.,信心,examiner,igzmin n.,主考人,suppose,spuz v.,假设,tap,tp v.,轻敲,react,rikt v.,反应,brake,breik n.,刹车,pedal,pedl n.,踏板,mournful,m:nfl adj.,悲哀的,14,New words and expressionsmurde,Words/phrases,单词与词组,driving licence 驾照,heavy traffic 拥挤的交通,in a mournful voice 用,的声调,be pleased with 对,满意,within 5 feet 在5英尺之内,cross the road 过马路,brake pedal 刹车板,out of town 城外,15,Words/phrases 单词与词组driving lic,murder,1). n. be guilty of murder,犯谋杀罪,murder will out,纸包不住火,homicide,hmisaid,杀人（犯）,manslaughter,mnslt(r),过失杀人,massacre,msk,大屠杀,assassinate,ssineit,暗杀,poison,毒杀,suffocate,sfkeit,窒息而死,hang,绞死,2). v. murderer murderess,16,murder 16,instruct,1). v.,指导，向,下命令,tell,日常用语，运用广泛，语气不强,order,语气较强，有权威者用来指示别人服从,instruct & direct,用于客观、公事场合，对需要采取的行动准确说明,command,用于军事场合,The officer commanded his men to fire.,2). v.,教授，传授,instruct sb. in,instructor,教员，教练，指导员,instruction C,命令，指示,U,传授，指导,17,instruct17,acquire,1).,（靠努力或行为）获得,gain,获得自信,acquire,confidence,2).,学得，养成（习惯）,养成抽烟的习惯,acquire,a habit of smoking,acquisition,kwizin,n.,获得,所获之物,收购,18,acquire18,confidence n.,have/lose confidence,in sb./ sth.,他充满信心地回答问题,He answered the questions with confidence .,I have every confidence that I can manage it,be full of confidence,充满信心,confident adj.,有信心的,有把握的,confident of sth. confident that,我肯定你能得到那份工作,Im confident that youll get the job.,他确信会达到目标,He was confident of achieving his aim.,19,confidence n.19,examine v.,1).,调查，检查，研讨,我们的行李在机场进行了安检,We had our suitcases examined at the airport.,2).,测验,I examined the students in English on the previous lessons.,3).,诊察（看病）,examiner,主考人,examinee,被考人,20,examine v.20,suppose,1).,假设,假设你是总经理，在那种情况下你会怎么做,Suppose that youre the general manager, what will you do on that occasion.,2).,认为,think, expect,be supposed to,理应，应该,他应该准时在那,He is supposed to be there on time,21,suppose21,tap.,1). v. knock gently,tap at/on sth.,tap sb. on the shoulder,2). n.,敲击声，水龙头,turn on/off tap,tap water,自来水,mineral- water,矿泉水,22,tap.22,react,1). react to sb./sth,当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒,Local residents have reacted angrily to the news.,我花了很长时间才反应过来,It took me a long time to react.,The market reacted by falling a further two points.,股市的反应是再下跌两个百分点,2).,化学反应,reactant,化学反应物,nuclear reactor,核反应堆,23,react23,brake,1). n.,刹车,put on the brakes,踩刹车,2). v. .,The driver braked hard as the dog ran onto the road.,She had to brake hard to avoid running into the car in front.,她不得不猛踩刹车，以免撞上前面的车。,24,brake24,pedal,1). n.,踏板,a brake pedal,刹车踏板,She pressed her foot down sharply on the brake pedal.,她猛踩刹车踏板。,2). v.,踩踏板，骑,pedal a bicycle,骑自行车,A boy pedaled away on his bicycle.,25,pedal25,mournful adj.,悲恸的,令人惋惜的,悲哀的,There was a mournful look on her face.,He said in a mournful voice.,mourn v.,感到悲痛,mourn for/over sb./sth.,人民哀悼他们被杀害的领袖,The people mourned for their slain leader.,她为她独生子的死而哀痛,She mourned over the death of her only son.,mourner,哀悼者,26,mournful adj. 悲恸的, 令人惋惜的,I was being tested for a,driving licence,for the third time.,驾驶执照,课文解析,27,I was being tested for a driv,I had been asked to drive in,heavy,traffic and had done so successfully.,heavy: adj.,重的，阴沉的，大量的，密集的,He put down the,heavy,suitcase by the door.,He had a,heavy, sullen face.,I felt so full after the,heavy,meal.,28,I had been asked to drive in,After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to,acquire,confidence.,become,After I,had been,instructed to drive out of town, I,began,to,become,confidence.,29,After having been instructed,The examiner,must have been,pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, Just one more thing, Mr. Eames.,表示对过去事物的猜测,must have done sth.,be pleased with:,对,满意,30,The examiner must have been p,He was pleased with my progress.,She seemed very pleased that he had come.,Im so pleased to have see you again.,31,He was pleased with my progres,I continued,driving,and after some time, the examiner ta,pp,ed loudly.,Though,the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react., Sam didnt react in any way.,I wondered how hed react to such a difficult question.,32,I continued driving and after,The examiner looked at me sadly, Mr. Eames, he said,in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child!,in a voice:,以一个,的声调,in a happy voice:,开心的说,in a sorrow voice:,难过的说,in a excited voice:,激动的说,in a crazy voice:,疯狂的说,33,The examiner looked at me sad,每句赏析,Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test. Sure, 省略结构， 完整的形式应该是“Being sure”, 在文中作状语表示原因；almost beginning to enjoy, 作者信心的再次提升，考试对他来说几乎成了一种消遣。,The examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, Just one more thing, Mr. Eames. must have 对当时情况的推测，很有把握； for从句点明作者作出推测的依据。,Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you.,As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet. 考官设置一个情景。,34,每句赏析34,I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly. loudly, 声音的强度很大。,Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. though 引导让步状语从句，与主句的情况形成对照。作者可以很清楚地听到窗玻璃的声音， 可是他似乎是忘乎所以，过了很久都没有反映过来。,每句赏析,35,I continued driving and after,I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward. suddenly, 表示作者突然间反应过来；hard, 用力过猛；and 之后的句子说明结果； were both thrown forward, 两人都被抛到前面。,The examiner looked at me sadly. sadly, 考官大失所望。,Mr. Eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child! in a mournful voice, 考官用一种很悲伤的声调说话，与前文的 “sadly”相对应；虽然考官只是设想一种情境，不过看到作者的表现，还是很煞有其事地用悲伤的语气告诉他：孩子给轧死了。考官的一本正经，滑稽幽默跃然之上，让文章生色不少。,每句赏析,36,每句赏析36,Take a break,37,Take a break37,【,Key structures,】,被动语态的构成：,.,被动语态由,“,助动词,be,及物动词的过去分词,”,构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过,be,的变化表现出来的。现以,do,为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。,一般现在时：,am,is,are,done,一般过去时：,was,were,done,一般将来时：,will,shall be,done,现在进行时：,am,is,are being,done,过去进行时：,was,were being,done,现在完成时：,have,has been,done,38,【Key structures】38,3,）在使役动词,have, make, get,以及感官动词,see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe,等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式,to,要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加,to,。,例,Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.,可改为,A stranger was seen to walk into the building.,1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.,可改为,The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.,2.Mother never lets me watch TV .,改为,I am never let to watch TV by mother.,39,3）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词se,4.,在被动语态中还可以用介词,+,动名词结构。介词（,after,before,on,）,+,动名词这个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句。,如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完成，则可以用,after+,动名词的完成式表示第一个动作；如果只表示先后顺序，则可用,after,（或,before,）,+,动名词结构；,on+,动名词通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生。,After having been instructed to drive out of thetown,I,began,to,acquire confidence.,在接到把车开出城的指令后，我就开始有信心了。,The man called the police after being robbed.,那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话,He killed a child before being arrested,他在被捕前杀死了一个孩子,On/After being told that her mother was seriously, she hurried back to England.,她得知母亲病重后连忙回到英国。,被动语态用于介词,+,动名词结构一般不用于口语，比较正式,。,40,4. 在被动语态中还可以用介词+动名词结构。介词（after,I,for,a driving license,for,the third time.,I,to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.,重点整理,for,表目的,for+,次数,动名词与现在分词做定语的区别： 动名词做定语说明所修饰名词的用途；现在分词做定语，表示所修饰名词进行的动作。,a walking stick,拐杖（动名词，,a stick for walking,）,a sleeping car,卧铺车厢（动名词，,a car for sleeping,）,the rising sun,正在升起的太阳（现在分词）,the changing world,变化中的世界（现在分词）,light,was being tested,had been asked,41,I,to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.,Sure,that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.,现在完成时的被动形式；,Having been+,过去分词,After I had been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.,介词短语作时间状语，主从句的主语一致时，可简化从句。,在句首中省略了,being,这个分词结构在句中是状语，表原因。,-Worried about his child, he didnt sleep last night.,-As he was worried about his child, he didnt sleep last night.,重点整理,After having been instructed,42,The examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said. Just one more thing, Mr. Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.,must have been,表示对过去事情的猜测,pleased,是个形容词，常用词组是,be pleased with,suppose (supposing):,常用于一个句子或从句前，意思是,what would happen if,用来假设一个条件或某种情况。动词要用一般现在时或一般过去时。如果用过去时，所假设的情况可能性会很小。,Supposing we miss the trainwhat will we do then?,Wed love to attend the party, supposing (if) we dont have to work late that day.,重点整理,43,The examiner must have been pl,2 )be pleased with,对,.,满意,be,satisfied with be content with,e.g.My boss is pleased,（,satisfied,content,）,with,my work performance,老板对我的工作表现很满意,3. performance n.,表现，表演，工作情况,Perform,vt.,执行；完成；演奏,vi.,执行，机器运转；表演,perform an operation,动手术；做手术,perform on,表演；上演；演奏,opportunity to perform,实践的机会；表现机会,perform maintenance,修理,perform a contract,执行合同,44,2 )be pleased with对.满意be sa,I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we,The examiner looked at me sadly. Mr.Eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child!,in avoice,以,.,的声调,she told us the news in a low voice.,have just killed,用的是现在完成时，是想强调结果。,重点整理,I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly.,Though the sound could,clearly, it took me a long time to react.,be heard,were both thrown forward.,45,I suddenly pressed the brake p,语法学习,做状语的形容词结构,示例1：I was sure that I had passed. I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.,我们把这两句话合并成一个句子：,Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.,所以，我们看得很清楚：两个句子的主语（1）都是一致的，所以，可以进行简化处理。,示例2：I was pleased with my sons words. I gave him 100 yuan.,合并：,Pleased with my sons words, I gave him 100 yuan.,46,语法学习做状语的形容词结构46,我们再回顾一下ing结构和过去分词结构：,示例3：,I tried to avoid meeting him. I set out 10 minutes earlier than usual.,合并：,Trying to avoid meeting him, I set out 10 minutes earlier than usual.,示例4：,He had eaten the apple. He asked for another one.,合并：,Having eaten the apple, he asked for another one.,示例5：,The rat was killed by a little boy. It was buried in a hole.,合并：,Killed by a little boy, the rat was buried in a hole.,47,我们再回顾一下ing结构和过去分词结构：47,将下列句子变成被动语态,：,They made,the piano,in Germany in 1681.,I told you he could do,it,.,I cant find my bag.He must have stolen,it,.,The police were questioning,the man,.,He never expected they found,the bicycle,.,I found he had sent,the parcle,to the wrong place.,48,将下列句子变成被动语态：They made the pian,被动语态,语法学习,I,was being tested,for,a driving license,for,the third time.,I,had been asked,to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.,After having been instructed,to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.,I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we,were both thrown forward.,Though the sound could,be heard,clearly, it took me a long time to react.,49,被动语态语法学习I was being tested for,a) 用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。,1. Many stars can _ (see) at night.,2. The report is _ (write) by one of the best students.,3. Upon _ (rob) , the man called the police at once.,4. He killed a child before _ (arrest) .,5. On _ (tell) that her mother was seriously ill, she hurried back to England.,50,a) 用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。1. Many st,6. She was sent abroad to _ (train) .,7. The huge bridge _ (damage) before the World War.,8. He_(hear) tomoveaboutinherroomupstairslastnight.,9. After _ (cheat) by a client, he changed his way of doing business.,10. The driver must _ (punish) by the police, he looked so unhappy.,51,6. She was sent abroad to _,Special difficulties,Practice and Advice,practice,n.（反复的）练习，实践，实行,practise,vt.& vi. 练习，经常做,Jimmy used to practise (playing) football every afternoon.,She practises on the piano for three hours every day.,He still needs a lot of practice.,He practises the piano every day.,52,Special difficultiesPractice a,Special difficulties,advice,n. 忠告, 劝告, 建议(不可数名词),She gave me some good advice / a piece of advice about jobs.,advise,vt.& vi. 劝告，向提供提议,She advised me against going to the party.,她建议/劝我不要去参加聚会,I want to give you some advice.,What do you advise me to do?,53,Special difficultiesadvice n.,Special difficulties,Enjoy, Entertain and Amuse,enjoy,vt.,欣赏，喜爱，享受之乐（后跟名词、,动名词，用于主动语态）,I enjoy swimming in summer.,Were really enjoying ourselves.,entertain,vt. 款待，招待，请客；使快乐，给娱乐（=amuse）,We often entertain friends at weekends.,54,Special difficultiesEnjoy, Ent,Special difficulties,Uncle Sam entertains/amuses the children for hours at a time.,萨姆叔叔一连好几小时地逗孩子们乐。,My children can entertain/amuse themselves for hours with telling stories to each other.,amuse,vt. 逗乐，逗笑（常用于被动语态）,She was amused by her fathers funny stories.,His story amused the children very much.,55,Special difficultiesUncle Sam,Special difficulties,过去进行时was almost beginning,1,过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，常和表示过去时间的状语then，at this（that） time， yesterday，at nine，last night等连用。但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。,56,Special difficulties过去进行时was a,What were you doing at nine last night,？,昨晚九点时，你在做什么？,I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.,昨天下午我打电话给你，但是没有人接电话。,I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.,我昨天下午大部分时间，都在一个朋友家里。,57,What were you doing at nine la,2,当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，,用过去进行时表示较长的动作,。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。,It was raining hard when I left my office.,当我离开办公室时，雨下得正大。,When you called,，,I was eating.,你打电话时，我正在吃饭。,58,2 当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时,When I was cleaning the windows,，,my brother was sweeping the floor.,（当）我在擦窗户的时候，我弟弟在拖地。,Some students were playing football,，,while others were running round the track.,一些学生在踢足球，同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。,59,When I was cleaning the windo,We were walking along the river when,（,suddenly,）,It rained.,我们沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来。,They were watching TV when the lights went out.,停电时，他们刚好在看电视。（注意：同上例）,60,We were walking along the rive,3,过去进行时表示过去将来的动作,现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看来将要发生的动作。常用在间接引语中。,She went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.,她去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。,She asked him whether he was coming back to lunch.,她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃。,61,3 过去进行时表示过去将来的动作61,回顾,Key points,学习要点,请同学们看下面的几个句子, 试分辨它们的时态与语态:,I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time.,I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic,After having been instructed to drive out of town,62,回顾 Key points 学习要点请同学们看下面的几个句子,Key points,学习要点,I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time.,was being tested 是过去进行时+被动,你对了吗? 我们曾经学过一个句子:,It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.,is being repaired是现在进行时+被动,The bicycle was being sent to his home by train.,63,Key points 学习要点I was being tes,Key points,学习要点,2) I,had been asked,to drive in heavy traffic.,had been asked,是明显的过去完成时+被动,完成:,had been,被动:,be asked,这样的句型我们已经学了不少:,I,have been offered,a large sum of money to,64,Key points 学习要点2) I had been a,Key points,学习要点,3),After,having been instructed,to drive out of town,having been instructed,是完成时+被动,由于在介词after后面,后面的动词需要动名词形式.,After having been told that her mother was seriously ill, she hurried back to England.,65,Key points 学习要点3) After having,Key points,学习要点,I began to acquire confidence.,acquire 通常表示通过努力,“,获得,”,“,学到,”,也可以表示,“,养成(习惯),”,等:,Mary acquired a good knowledge of Chinese in five years,time.,Tom acquired a habit of smoking.,66,Key points 学习要点I began to acqu,Key points,学习要点,Sure that I had passed,句首省略了分词being或feeling, 在句中作状语.,Being sure that,.,Feeling sure that,.,Interested in the story, he finished reading the book in two hours.,67,Key points 学习要点Sure that I had,Key points,学习要点,The examiner must have been pleased with my performance,must have been,表示对过去的事情进行猜测,看下面句子,:,Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.,Peter is playing computer games. He must have finished his work.,He spends money like water. He must have made a lot of money.,68,Key points 学习要点The examiner mu,Key points,学习要点,5. Let us suppose that,让我们假设,suppose表示,“,假设,”,“,设定,”,时经常用于,“,Let us suppose that,”,这个结构:,Let us suppose that there is a forest fire.,69,Key points 学习要点5. Let us suppo,综合训练,I was,(1 be),tested,(2),a driving license,(3),the third time. I had been asked,(4),drive in heavy traffic,(5),had done so successfully. After having,(6),instructed,(7),drive out of town, I began,(8),acquire confidence. Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning,(9),enjoy my test. The examiner must have been pleased