串励直流电动机的基本控制电路课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,课题十一 串励直流电动机的基本控制线路,主要特点：,1.,具有较大的启动转矩，启动性能好。,2.,过载能力较强。,串励直流电动机外形 串励直流电动机原理图,课题十一 串励直流电动机的基本控制线路主要特点：串励直流电动,1,一、启动控制线路,1.,手动启动控制线路,串励直流电动机手动启动控制电路图,一、启动控制线路1.手动启动控制线路串励直流电动机手动启动控,2,QF,KT1,KT1,KM1,KM2,L+,KM2,L,SB2,SB1,KM1,KM1,KM3,R2,2.,自动启动控制线路,M,R1,KM1,KT2,KM3,电路组成分析,KT2,QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LSB2SB1KM1K,3,QF,KT1,KT1,KM1,KM2,L+,KM2,L,SB2,SB1,KM1,KM1,KM3,R2,2.,自动启动控制线路,M,R1,KM1,KT2,KM3,KT2,合上电源开关,QF,QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LSB2SB1KM1K,4,QF,KT1,KT1,KM1,KM2,L+,KM2,L,SB2,SB1,KM1,KM1,KM3,R2,2.,自动启动控制线路,M,R1,KM1,KT2,KM3,KT2,按下,SB1,KM1,线圈得电,QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LSB2SB1KM1K,5,QF,KT1,KT1,KM1,KM2,L+,KM2,L,SB2,SB1,KM1,KM1,KM3,R2,2.,自动启动控制线路,M,R1,KM1,KT2,KM3,KT2,KT1,经过整定时间,KT1,动断触头延时闭合,QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LSB2SB1KM1K,6,QF,KT1,KT1,KM1,KM2,L+,KM2,L,SB2,SB1,KM1,KM1,KM3,R2,2.,自动启动控制线路,M,R1,KM1,KT2,KM3,KT2,KT2,经过整定时间,KT2,动断触头延时闭合,进入正常工作,QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LSB2SB1KM1K,7,QF,KT1,KT1,KM1,KM2,L+,KM2,L,SB2,SB1,KM1,KM1,KM3,R2,2.,自动启动控制线路,M,R1,KM1,KT2,KM3,KT2,按下,SB2,，,电动机停转,QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LSB2SB1KM1K,8,二、正反转控制线路,串励直流电动机的反转常采用励磁绕组反接法来,实现。因为串励电动机电枢绕组两端的电压很高，而,励磁绕组两端的电压较低，反接较容易。,二、正反转控制线路串励直流电动机的反转常采用励磁绕组反接,9,KM3,KM2,KM2,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB3,KM1,SB1,KT,KM1,KM1,R,QF,KM2,KM1,电路组成分析,KM2,KM1,M,串励直流电机正反转控制线路,KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L,10,KM3,KM2,KM2,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB3,KM1,SB1,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电机正反转控制线路,QF,KM2,KM1,合上电源开关,QF,KM2,KM1,M,KT,KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L,11,KM3,KM2,KM2,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB3,KM1,SB1,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电机正反转控制线路,QF,KM2,KM1,正转控制：,按下,SB1,，电动机串联电阻,R,正转起动，,KT,线圈失电,KM2,KM1,M,KT,KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L,12,KM3,KM2,KM2,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB3,KM1,SB1,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电机正反转控制线路,QF,KM2,KM1,KT,动断触头延时闭合，,KM3,得电，起动过程结束,KM2,KM1,M,KT,KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L,13,KM3,KM2,KM2,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB3,KM1,SB1,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电机正反转控制线路,QF,KM2,KM1,按下,SB3,，电动机停转,KM2,KM1,M,KT,KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L,14,KM3,KM2,KM2,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB3,KM1,SB1,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电机正反转控制线路,QF,KM2,KM1,反转控制：,按下,SB2,，电动机串联电阻,R,反转起动，,KT,线圈失电,KM2,KM1,M,KT,KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L,15,KM3,KM2,KM2,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB3,KM1,SB1,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电机正反转控制线路,QF,KM2,KM1,KT,动断触头延时闭合，,KM3,得电，起动过程结束,KM2,KM1,M,KT,KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L,16,三、制动控制线路,1.,能耗制动控制电路,串励直流电动机的能耗制动分为自励式和他励式两种。,(1),自励式能耗制动 自励式能耗制动是指当电动机断开电源,后，将励磁绕组反接并与电枢绕组和制动电阻串联构成闭合,回路，使惯性运转的电枢处于自励发电状态，产生与原方向,相反的电流和电磁转矩，迫使电动机迅速停转。,三、制动控制线路1. 能耗制动控制电路,17,KM3,KV,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB2,KM1,SB1,KT,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电动机自励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,电路组成分析,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,KV,KM2,RB,KM3KVKM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L-KTK,18,KM3,KV,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB2,KM1,SB1,KT,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电动机自励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,合上电源开关,QF,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,KV,KM2,RB,KM3KVKM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L-KTK,19,KM3,KV,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB2,KM1,SB1,KT,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电动机自励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,起动控制：,按下,SB1,，电动机串联电阻,R,起动，,KT,线圈失电,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,KV,KM2,RB,KM3KVKM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L-KTK,20,KM3,KV,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB2,KM1,SB1,KT,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电动机自励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,KT,动断触头延时闭合，,KM3,得电，起动过程结束,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,KV,KM2,RB,KM3KVKM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L-KTK,21,KM3,KV,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB2,KM1,SB1,KT,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电动机自励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,按下,SB2,，,KM1,失电，能耗制动开始,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,KV,KM2,RB,KM3KVKM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L-KTK,22,KM3,KV,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KT,KM2,SB2,KM1,SB1,KT,KM1,KM1,R,串励直流电动机自励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,当速度降低到较低时，,KV,释放，各电器触头复位，制动结束。,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,KV,KM2,RB,KM3KVKM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2L+L-KTK,23,(2),他励式能耗制动 制动时，切断电动机电源，将电枢绕组与放电电阻,R1,接通，将励磁绕组与电枢绕组断开后串入分,压电阻,R2,，再接入外加直流电源励磁。,24,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KM2,SB1,SQ2,R3,QF,KM2,KM1,电路组成分析,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,SQ1,R,R1,R2,串励直流电动机（作伺服电动机）他励式能耗制动控制电路,KM1SB2KM1KM2L+L-KM2SB1SQ2R3QFK,25,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KM2,SB1,SQ2,R3,串励直流电动机（作伺服电动机）他励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,合上电源开关,QF,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,SQ1,R,R1,R2,KM1SB2KM1KM2L+L-KM2SB1SQ2R3串励直,26,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KM2,SB1,SQ2,R3,串励直流电动机（作伺服电动机）他励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,按下,SB1,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,SQ1,R,R1,R2,KM1SB2KM1KM2L+L-KM2SB1SQ2R3串励直,27,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KM2,SB1,SQ2,R3,串励直流电动机（作伺服电动机）他励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,松开,SB1,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,SQ1,R,R1,R2,KM1SB2KM1KM2L+L-KM2SB1SQ2R3串励直,28,KM1,SB2,KM1,KM2,L+,L-,KM2,SB1,SQ2,R3,串励直流电动机（作伺服电动机）他励式能耗制动控制电路,QF,KM2,KM1,按下,SB2,KM2,KM1,M,KM2,KM1,SQ1,R,R1,R2,KM1SB2KM1KM2L+L-KM2SB1SQ2R3串励直,29,2.,串励直流电动机反接制动控制电路,(1),位能负载时转速反向法 这种方法就是强迫电动机的转速反向，使电动机的转速方向与电磁转矩的方向相反，以实现制动。,2.串励直流电动机反接制动控制电路(1)位能负载时转速反向法,30,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,电路组成分析,M,R1,R2,（,2,）电枢直接反接法,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2电路组成分析MR1R2（2）,31,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,合上电源开关,QF,AC,手柄置“,0”,位置,M,R1,R2,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2合上电源开关QFMR1R2K,32,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,电动机正转,:,AC,手柄置“前”位置，,KM,KM1,线圈得电动作,电动机串联电阻起动,M,R1,R2,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2电动机正转:MR1R2KM1,33,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,KM1,动合辅助触头闭合，,KA1,线圈得电电阻,RB,被除数短路,M,R1,R2,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2KM1动合辅助触头闭合，KA,34,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,KT1,线圈失电其动断触头延时闭合，,KM4,线圈得电,M,R1,R2,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2KT1线圈失电其动断触头延时,35,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,KT2,线圈失电其动断触头延时闭合，,KM5,线圈得电,电动机起动完毕，正常运行,M,R1,R2,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2KT2线圈失电其动断触头延时,36,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,电枢直接反接,将,AC,手柄扳置“后”位置,，,电枢因接入反向电流而制动,M,R1,R2,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2电枢直接反接MR1R2KM1,37,KM1,KM,L+,L-,RB,QF,KM2,电枢直接反接,将,AC,手柄扳置“后”位置,，,电枢因接入反向电流而制动,M,R1,R2,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM4,KM5,KV,KT2,KT1,KA2,KA1,KV,KA,AC,前,后,KA,I,KT2,KT1,KM3,KM4,KM5,KA2,KA1,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM1,KM,KM,KM1KML+L-RBQFKM2电枢直接反接MR1R2KM1,38,