五种基本句型课件

五种基本句讲解与训练Hedy1五种基本句讲解与训练Hedy1lS=Subject(主语主语);lV=Verb(谓语动词谓语动词);lP=Predicative(表语表语);lO=Object(宾语宾语);lINO=Indirect Object(间接宾语间接宾语);lDO=Direct Object(直接宾语直接宾语);lOC=Object Complement(宾语补足宾语补足语语)2S=Subject(主语);2英语五种基本句型列式如下：l句型一：（主谓）l句型二：（主系表）l句型三：（主谓宾）l句型四：（主谓间宾直宾）l句型五：（主谓宾宾补）3英语五种基本句型列式如下：句型一：1.SVilE.g：I went to school at 7：00.l 主 谓 状l这一结构中的动词为不及物动词，其后没有宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。lgo,live,die,talk,swim,stay,用以上词语造句（肯定，否定，疑问）l 特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。41.SViE.g：I went Examples:go,live,die,talk,swim,staylWe go to school everyday.lIm living in Chang Ping District now.lMy love for you will never die.lI want to talk with a foreigner.lJerry can swim well.lMr.Green will stay in China for a year.5Examples:go,live,die,talk,2.SV系PlE.g.：The food smells delicious.l 主 系 表l句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。l系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。llook,sound,become,turn,keep，get l特点是:谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。常见的系动词llook,sound,become,turn,grow,get62.SV系PE.g.：The food l每个人看起来都不一样。（look）l那听起来很好。（sound）l我现在成了一名教师。（become）l她脸红了。（turn）l他现在成长得又高又壮。（grow）l天色渐渐黑了。（get）7每个人看起来都不一样。（look）73.SVtOlE.g.：He hopes to fly to the moon.l 主 谓 宾l1)只能用不定式作宾语的常见动词：want，hope，wish，would like，decide，agree，ask，cant，wait等；l2)只能用动名词作宾语的常见动词：mind，enjoy，keep，finish，cant help等；l3)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且有区别的常见动词：remember,forget,stop,go on,tryl4)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且无区别的常见动词：begin，start，like，love，hate等。l特点是:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语。83.SVtOE.g.：He hop1.记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。(还未做)2.我记得关了啊。(已做过)3.哦，你忘了关灯了。(还未做)4.我忘了已经写完作业了。(已做过)Remember _the window before you leave.But I remember_ it.I see.You forgot_ the lights.I forgot_ my homework already.to closeclosingto turn offfinishing9记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。(还未做)Remember _1.Mary停下来去散步。（stop）2.他停止唱歌了。3.然后，他接下来去玩足球了。（go on）4.Tom继续玩电脑游戏。5.我们尽量完成任务。（try）6.我试着修理自行车。(看有无结果)Mary stopped_ a walk.He stopped_.Then he went on_ football.Tom went on_ computer games.We try_ the task.I tried_ the bike.to takesingingto playplayingto finishmending10Mary停下来去散步。（stop）Mary stopped_4.SVtOiOdlE.g.He gave me a pen.l 主 谓 间宾 直宾l1)这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后，但间宾前需加介词to(对象)或for(目的)；lE.g They lent the bike to the boy.l 主 谓 直宾 间宾114.SVtOiOdE.g.He 2)在间宾前加to的：1.昨天爸爸给我一个礼物。（give）1.My father gave a present to me yesterday.2.Li Hua给我看他的照片。（show）1.Li Hua showed his pictures to me.3.我的朋友给我一封信。（send）1.My friend sent a letter to me.4.姐姐给我带来一件漂亮的裙子。（bring）1.My sister brought a beautiful dress to me.122)在间宾前加to的：昨天爸爸给我一个礼物。（give）5.请把盐递给我。（pass）1.Pass the salt to me please.6.他把自行车借给那个女孩了。（lend）1.He lent his bike to that girl.7.以前，奶奶常给我讲故事。（tell）1.My grandma told stories to me in the past.8.Tom昨天教我一首英文歌曲。（teach）1.Tom taught a english song to me yesterday.13请把盐递给我。（pass）133)在间宾前加for的：1.他给我亲手做了一个生日礼物。（make）1.His made a birthday present for me.2.她的丈夫给她买了一个漂亮的项链。（buy）1.Her husband bought a beautiful necklace for her.3.我们应该为残疾人做点什么。（do）1.We should do something for the disabled people.4.我们给老人们唱歌。（sing）1.We are singing songs for the old people.143)在间宾前加for的：他给我亲手做了一个生日礼物。（m4)最好用SVtOdOi结构的情况：l例如：Ill send it to you.直宾 间宾l Well sing some songs for the friend 直宾 间宾from a foreign country.a.当直接宾语是人称代词时：b.当直宾比间宾短时：154)最好用SVtOdOi结构的情况：例如：Ill sl特点:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常需要加介词for或to。可跟双宾语的动词4.SVtOiOd16特点:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者5.SVtOCl例如：lThe boy wished his father to buy a bike for him.l 主 谓 宾 宾补l1)带to的不定式作宾补；l 例如：She asked me to call him again.l很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，这类动词有：ask，tell，want，wish，would，like，like，hate等。175.SVtOC例如：172)不带to的不定式作宾补；l例如：We often hear the girl sing the song.l能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短语动词和使役动词如let，feel，notice，help，make，have，listen to，hear，see，watch，look at，observe.l注：如果这种结构变为被动语态，不定式就必然带to.help后的不定式可以带to也可不带to.182)不带to的不定式作宾补；例如：We often hear3)分词作宾补；l例如：He heard somebody knocking on the window.l现在分词作宾补表示主动，且动作正在进行，过去分词作宾补表示被动，或动作已完成，也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词：see，hear，notice，watch，feel及find，get，have(这三个动词为使役动词)等。193)分词作宾补；例如：He heard somebody k4)名词作宾补；l例如：We must keep it a secret.l这类复合宾语只有在有限的一些动词后使用，常见的动词有：name，call，make，elect，think，find，leave等lWhat he have done made him a successful man.204)名词作宾补；例如：We must keep it a s5)形容词作宾补。l例如：You should keep the room clean.l常见的能跟这种复合宾语的动词有：make，keep，find，want，wish，like，see，think，believe，leave等。lThe interesting story made me happy.lleave me alonelWe saw him out.215)形容词作宾补。例如：You should keep thSVtOCl特点:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等22SVtOC特点:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还不完同义句转换l1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.l He _ _ be giving us a talk tomorrow.l2.I thought I hadnt covered the basket.l I had _ _ _ the basket.l3.If the rain stops，well have a picnic.l If it _ _，well have a picnic.l4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song.l They listened _ the teacher _ a song.l5.Ill ask somebody to cut my hair.l Ill _ my hair _.23同义句转换1.It seems that he will 同义句转换l1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.l He seems to be giving us a talk tomorrow.l2.I thought I hadnt covered the basket.l I had forgotten to cover the basket.l3.If the rain stops，well have a picnic.l If it stops raining，well have a picnic.l4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song.l They listened to the teacher sing a song.l5.Ill ask somebody to cut my hair.l Ill have my hair cut.24同义句转换1.It seems that he will