波音标准施工-机械保险课件

机械专业实作培训Standard Practice TrainingFor mechanical国航机务培训中心 成都Aircraft Maintenance Training Center of AIR CHINA CHENGDU FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1 1紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2 2概 述 紧固件保险的定义 常用保险的种类 各种保险施工及注意事项 常用保险的图例说明及练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3 3机械保险定义 航空机械保险的定义：是对飞机上的全部紧固件，如螺栓，螺帽,螺 钉，销子以及其它零件采取的安全措施，以保 证它们不因振动而自行松动。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4 4紧固件保险紧固件保险 航空紧固件防松的种类包括：机械防松保险 靠摩擦力防松保险 永久性止动防松保险 特殊防松保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5 5紧固件保险 常用机械防松保险的方法包括：保险丝防松保险 保险钢索锁定保险 开口销防松保险 止动垫圈防松保险 卡环保险 松紧螺套针形保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6 6紧固件保险 靠摩擦力防松保险的方法包括 双螺帽保险 弹簧垫圈保险 自锁螺帽保险 锁紧型钢丝螺套 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7 7紧固件保险 永久性止动防松保险的方法包括：螺栓连接装好后利用冲头在螺栓端部 或与螺母的旋合缝处打冲的方法防松。在旋合缝处焊死防松保险。铆接防松保险。粘结（胶）方法防松。特殊的防松方法 锁螺帽保险。Hi-LOK螺帽保险。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8 8紧固件保险 保险丝的种类包括：单根保险 双根保险 单保险 联保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9 9紧固件保险数量较多的元件密布闭合的几何图形上可用单根保险丝串连保险。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1010紧固件保险 保险丝保险分类:单根保险:用一根保险丝将所有的紧固件联接在一起的锁定。适用:闭合的几何图形的小螺钉群或施工难度大的地方。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1111紧固件保险 保险丝保险分类:双根保险:双根保险是取一段保险丝对折以编结形式的保险锁定 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1212紧固件保险紧固件保险 保险丝保险种类:单保险 将保险丝与螺纹紧固件固定在 一个不动的机件上进行锁定 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1313紧固件保险 保险丝保险种类:联保险:将两个或两个以上的螺纹紧固件用保险丝连接在一起，使它们之间相互牵制锁定。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1414紧固件保险保险时必须是使用过的新保险丝,且无缺陷、压痕、划伤。取适当保险丝穿过紧固件保险孔，等长对折保险丝的粗细选择应根据保险孔直径的大小来决定,一般介于紧固件保险孔的直径1/3到3/4之间。保险丝的绕向，应该是将螺帽拧紧方向拉紧。保险丝的辨结应紧凑均匀。保险丝的要求 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1515紧固件保险紧固件保险保险完工后的尾端留1/4到1/2英寸长，且弯曲到 隐蔽处，以防止自行松散或伤手。应急设备使用铜保险丝。保险丝的材质选择应根据所保险的区域来决定。高温区域应用蒙乃尔合金或康镍合金(耐酸、耐热耐化学腐蚀）或抗腐蚀保险丝。用表面处理过的5056镁铝合金保险丝（有 很好的抗腐蚀能力、防电化学腐蚀）保险丝的要求 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1616紧固件保险紧固件保险使用正确的工具和技巧。在安装过程中，保险丝不能有任何损伤、扭曲或压痕。在扭转保险丝时，由保险丝钳造成的磨 损是允许的。确保保险钳夹紧面的边缘有足够大的圆 角，以防损伤保险丝。保险丝的要求 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1717紧固件保险紧固件保险保险丝的绕向应是螺帽、螺栓的拧紧方向,并拉紧压在穿的保险丝下面，采用向右旋 转方式。保险丝的花结应紧凑、均匀、对称，两个 紧固件之间应无多余的花结。保险丝的要求 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1818紧固件保险紧固件保险蒙内尔合金0.0200.0320.0400.0510.091抗腐钢保险丝0.0200.0320.0400.0510.091铝合金0.0200.0320.0400.0510.091 保险丝规格要求 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 1919紧固件保险紧固件保险 注明:0.020英寸保险丝用于以下两种情况保险孔为0.045英寸或更小被保部件距离小于2英寸和保险孔的直径为 0.0450.062英寸 保险丝规格要求 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2020紧固件保险紧固件保险右旋（正）螺纹左旋（反）螺纹如何判断螺纹紧固件拧紧方向右手定则大指姆所指的是紧固件去连其它几个指头所指的是螺纹接方向紧固拧紧方向。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2121紧固件保险紧固件保险 保险丝的绕向和角度，应该是紧固件拧紧的方向拉紧。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2222紧固件保险紧固件保险 用拉丝钳对紧固件进行保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2323紧固件保险紧固件保险 用拉丝钳对紧固件进行保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2424紧固件保险紧固件保险 用拉丝钳对紧固件进行保险穿、贴、拧、绕、展、剪、弯、FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2525紧固件保险紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2626紧固件保险紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2727紧固件保险紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2828紧固件保险紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 2929紧固件保险紧固件保险鱼口钳剪钳尖嘴钳用手工进行保险用手工进行保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3030紧固件保险紧固件保险用保险丝锁紧零件的基本工序 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3131紧固件保险紧固件保险选取适当的保险丝穿过紧固件螺栓或螺帽保险孔，等长对折。角度要求不小于30度,最佳角度为10.30分4.30分。夹角不小于30 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3232紧固件保险紧固件保险 贴紧紧固件螺帽的边缘，并将绕的保险丝压在穿的保险丝下面,采用向右旋转方式扭花注：第一个扭花角度应为120,此后的角度应为60小于1/8英寸扭花节120 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3333紧固件保险紧固件保险 扭花角度为60度,要求扭花结紧凑、匀称、对称并无多余的花结（如果用0.023-0.042直径的保险)每英寸为710个花结。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3434紧固件保险紧固件保险 穿过第二个紧固件的孔,将绕的保险丝压在穿出 螺栓孔保险丝的下面。采用向左旋转的方式。注意:紧固件的拧紧方向。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3535 把保险丝的自由端逆时针绕在螺栓头周围并压在穿出螺栓孔的保险丝下面,夹紧保险丝的松脱部分逆时针方向扭转紧固保险丝末端,剪去多余的保险丝，尾部留36个花结，（相当于1/4到1/2英寸）紧固件保险紧固件保险对紧固件保险尾部的处理 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3636保险丝直径（英寸）0.065扭花（个/英寸）11-149-127-105-84-7紧固件保险紧固件保险保险丝花结要求 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3737 打保险时，必须随时将保险丝拉紧，但其紧 度不能过量，以防正常维护或受到振动时可 能断裂。保险丝的花结辫应紧凑、均匀、对称，两螺 帽之间保险段应尽量紧凑且无多余的结辫。保险丝要紧贴螺帽/螺栓底部，而不能在其上。紧固件保险紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3838 保险丝的尾端应留有1/41/2英寸长的花结辫 (相当于3-6个花），并将保险丝弯转过来压在 保险丝下面，以防自行松散。剪断保险尾端时，应用手拿着尾端，防止保险 丝遗留在飞机上。如果附近无保险点，可以将保险固定在本总成 上的邻近部件上。紧固件保险紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 3939 距离在4-6英寸时，连保数不得大于3个。距离大于6英寸时，一般不能连保，除非 附近设有小于6英寸的保险点。连保各螺帽之间的距离不得大于4英寸；连保的数量不大于24英寸长保险丝所保 的数量。紧固件保险紧固件保险连保注意事项 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4040紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4141紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4242紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4343紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4444紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4545紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4646紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4747紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4848紧固件保险紧固件保险紧固件保险练习紧固件保险练习 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 4949紧固件保险图例紧固件保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5050紧固件保险图例紧固件保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5151紧固件保险图例紧固件保险图例滑油盖 放油嘴 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5252紧固件保险图例紧固件保险图例电插头保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5353 紧固件保险图例紧固件保险图例铅封以保护重要的调整项目 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5454紧固件保险图例紧固件保险图例普通螺帽保险普通螺帽保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5555孔的对正孔的对正 相邻零件相邻零件 钢索的弯曲极限钢索的弯曲极限 多余的钢索多余的钢索 紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索锁定保险钢索锁定 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5656紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索锁定保险钢索锁定 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5757保险钢索锁定拉力测试保险钢索锁定拉力测试紧固件保险紧固件保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5858紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装方法保险钢索安装方法 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 5959紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装方法保险钢索安装方法 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6060紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装方法保险钢索安装方法 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6161紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装方法保险钢索安装方法 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6262紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装方法保险钢索安装方法 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6363紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装方法保险钢索安装方法 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6464紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装方法保险钢索安装方法 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6565紧固件保险紧固件保险保险钢索安装拉力测试保险钢索安装拉力测试 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6666开口销保险 适用对象 槽头螺帽与带孔的螺栓配合使用 打开口销保险的形式两脚侧绕形式上下分形式 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6767开口销保险 开口销的选择松紧应适当。开口销尾端应保持相当的弯曲弧度,最佳施工方式是用木榔头敲弯成形。当螺帽拧紧至力矩值时，若朵形螺帽 开口销与螺杆孔未对齐，不能用再拧 紧或松开朵形螺帽的方法使孔对齐，而应在螺帽下面加上适当的垫片使孔 对齐。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6868开口销保险的安装 在销钉或拉杆末端安装开口销 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 6969开口销保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7070开口销保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7171开口销保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7272开口销保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7373开口销保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7474开口销保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7575开口销保险图例 判断下例紧固件保险不正确部位 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7676开口销保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7777开口销垫片图例 此类垫片常用于螺帽之下，主要功用是保护工件及紧固件表面不受破坏，平滑光洁的承载面使负载均匀，垫片一般最多使用3个，螺帽下允许2个,可通过不同厚度调节螺栓保险孔位置。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7878开口销保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 7979开口销保险的注意事项 因为有力矩值要求在没有对准开口销孔时、可加垫片进行调整。不能用拧紧的方法进行对孔。每次工作都必须使用新的开口销。当有力矩值要求时，应用扳手拧到70%,再 打到规定力矩值。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8080开口销保险的注意事项 弯弯在螺母侧的开口销尾端不能碰到垫片表面。采用侧弯时,开口销的两尾端应帖紧螺母侧面。发动机标准施工不允许左右打开口销、只允 许上下打开口销、而且向上的弯曲一片不能 超过螺栓直径的1/2。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8181锁紧垫圈保险 锁紧垫圈防松的种类 双联防松锁紧垫圈。圆螺母防松锁紧垫圈。双耳防松锁紧垫圈。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8282锁紧垫圈保险 保险垫圈保险原理将锁紧垫圈垫在螺帽下，螺帽拧紧后，将垫圈的舌片上下分开，帖在螺帽和机件上，限制螺帽转动。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8383锁紧垫片保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8484锁紧垫片保险舌片舌片舌片舌片螺帽松动的方向螺帽松动的方向 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8585锁紧垫片保险锁紧长度最少达75%将锁定适片装入固定孔内 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8686组合锁紧垫片保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8787组合锁紧垫片保险图例一组止动垫片防松 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8888锁紧垫片保险安装前安装后轴螺母锁定片螺母轴锁定槽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 8989锁紧垫片保险 锁紧垫片的安装及注意事项 螺帽拧紧前，应调整好保险舌片的位置。保险舌片扳开不能在同一位置同一方向 或同一平面上,否则不能起保险作用 锁紧垫片为一次性使用 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9090卡环保险 卡环保险可分 外卡环 内卡环 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9191外卡环保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9292卡环保险图例卡环保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9393外卡环保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9494外卡环保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9595内卡环保险钳 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9696内卡环保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9797内卡环保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9898保险卡环保险 卡环保险安装及注意事项 卡环保险的直边（或弯边）必需安 装进入沟槽。每次安装卡环时，是否需要更换 旧的卡环保险，视装配指南而定。一些特殊的卡环保险需使用专用 的卡环钳子进行拆装。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 9999松紧螺套安装位置 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 100100松紧螺套图例松紧螺钢索接头钢索针形保险夹 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 101101松紧螺套与钢索接头 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 102102松紧螺套针形保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 103103松紧螺套保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 104104松紧螺套保险安装图 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 105105松紧螺套针形保险 针形保险的安装 拧紧松紧螺套，使张力达到规定值，钢索接 头螺纹露出不超过3牙。对齐松紧螺套的槽口与钢索接头螺杆的槽口。将针形保险直边插入对齐槽中。把保险的弯钩插装在松紧螺套中间圆孔内，用 力压松紧螺套的弯曲钩状部分，使弯钩很好 地进入圆孔内。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 106106松紧螺套针形保险 重复上面两个步骤安装第二个保险。轻 微转动松紧螺套，确信是否安装正确。目视检查针形保险，确定弯钩部分进入 了松紧螺套的圆孔内。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 107107松紧螺套保险丝保险 在钢索接头的一端开始打保险丝,保险 丝直径应当合适,选用不锈钢保险丝。把保险丝扭成辫结时,不能用任何具，只能用手打。将保险丝两端,分别从松紧螺套的两边 穿过的圆孔。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 108108松紧螺套保险丝保险 将穿过圆孔的保险丝拧成辫结，穿过另 一端钢索接头的孔，然后打辫结，辫结 尾部要留5/8英寸长。把辫结用工具弯向与钢索头子相反的方向。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 109109松紧螺套备用保险保险丝保险安装松紧螺套松紧螺套钢索接头钢索接头钢索接头钢索接头保险丝保险丝的安装的安装 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 110110航空螺帽保险 航空螺帽可分为两大类 一类是非自锁型螺帽,另一类是自锁型螺帽。非自锁型螺帽在锁定后，必须采用开口销、保险丝、保险片等外部保险方式来保证螺帽 的紧固性，而自锁螺帽则本身具有锁紧保险 功能。螺帽有承受拉伸载荷和承受剪切载荷螺帽之 分，一般受拉螺帽较厚，而受剪螺帽较薄。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 111111航空螺帽保险细牙承剪AN340粗牙承剪AN345普通螺帽AN316蝶型螺帽AN350粗牙承拉AN335细牙承拉AN315槽型承剪AN320槽型承拉AN310 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 112112双螺帽保险 双螺帽保险工作原理 将保险螺帽拧在固定螺帽上，使两个螺帽互 相挤压，螺栓拉伸可以增大螺帽与螺栓螺纹 之间的摩擦力，从而达到防松锁紧的目的。如果固定螺帽有松退的趋势时必需克服保险 螺帽摩擦阻力。注：在拧紧保险螺帽时，应用两把扳手固定螺 帽，防止固定螺帽转动。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 113113双螺帽保险 双螺帽保险功用：两螺母对压紧,构成相互附加压力和摩擦力,以达到锁紧防松目的。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 114114紧固件垫片 航空坚固件垫片种类 普通平垫片 埋头垫片 凹垫片 凸垫片 专用型垫片 弹簧抗震垫片 弹簧锁紧垫片 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 115115紧固件垫片 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 116116紧固件垫片安装 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 117117紧固件垫片 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 118118弹簧垫圈保险 弹簧垫圈保险：当螺帽压紧时，弹簧垫圈始终有一个压 力作用在螺帽上，螺帽与螺栓之间保持 一定的摩擦，阻止螺帽松脱。弹簧垫圈保险安装及注意事项：弹簧垫圈下面应安装平垫片。弹簧垫圈应符合该螺帽的弹簧垫圈，且 必须被螺帽压平。弹簧垫圈为一次性使用。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 119119弹簧垫圈保险图例 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 120120弹簧锁紧抗震垫圈保险 抗震垫圈保险原理 将梅花形弹簧锁紧垫圈垫在螺帽下，螺帽 拧紧后，螺帽与保险弹簧锁紧垫圈花瓣之 间产摩擦力压在螺帽和机件上，限制螺帽 转动。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 121121弹簧锁紧抗震垫圈保险在内沿或外缘上有很多 翘起的舌片锁紧垫圈的耐高温性能 比其它保险方法更好，并且能在强烈振动条件 下保证安全使用。注：垫圈为一次性使用 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 122122自锁螺帽保险 自锁螺帽的种类：“靴”式自锁螺帽 纤维自锁螺帽 12角、六角自锁螺帽 托板自锁螺帽AN系列自锁螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 123123自锁螺帽保险自锁螺帽有全金属型和塑料头型两种结构形式 金属型有：“靴”式自锁螺帽不锈钢自锁螺帽填塞纤维型的弹性防松螺帽。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 124124自锁螺帽保险 自锁螺帽保险功用：是靠自身构造的不同使螺帽与螺栓之间增大摩擦阻力，从而防止螺帽动。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 125125自锁螺帽保险 自锁螺帽锁定的方式：内螺纹压有永久性塑胶锁圈的自锁螺帽。螺帽上部开有四条小槽自锁螺帽。螺帽分成上下两段，底段为承载段，顶段为锁紧段的自锁螺帽螺帽上部螺纹制成椭圆口型自锁螺帽。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 126126自锁螺帽保险图例AN系列三种类型自锁螺帽 低温自锁螺帽（250F）抗剪型低温自锁螺帽 高温自锁螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 127127自锁螺帽保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 128128自锁螺帽保险“靴”式自锁螺帽工作原理 这种螺帽为全金属单件结构。螺帽实际上是分成两段的,合两个螺帽为一，底段为承载帽，顶段为锁紧螺帽，两段之间用弹性环体为连接过度。弹性环的作用是保持顶、底两段有一定的间隔，并恰好使这两段中的螺纹略有错位。当螺帽拧过底段螺纹后而欲进入顶段螺纹时。必须克服弹性环的阻力，才能与顶段螺纹协调啮合。在螺帽全部拧紧后，弹性环段就迫使顶段螺纹咬住螺栓螺纹，因而阻止了螺帽的松动。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 129129自锁螺帽保险不锈钢自锁螺帽末拧紧螺帽拧紧的螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 130130自锁螺帽保险图例弹性防松自锁螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 131131自锁螺帽保险图例抗剪六角螺帽抗拉12角螺帽托板剪切螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 132132托扳自锁螺帽保险 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 133133托扳自锁螺帽保险 螺母上端为非园形收口、拧入螺杆后被胀开 而箍紧螺栓形成横向压紧 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 134134托扳自锁螺帽保险托扳自锁螺帽用途：空间限制内部无法接近需要外部拧紧，且连接件比较薄不易在连接件上攻丝螺纹的螺栓连接这种螺帽是靠铆钉铆接在结构件上的托扳自锁螺帽主要用于承受剪切力 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 135135Hi-Hi-LokLok螺帽螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 136136Hi-Hi-LokLok螺帽螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 137137锁紧型钢丝螺套 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 138138锁紧型钢丝螺套 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 139139锁紧型钢丝螺套钢丝弹簧螺纹 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 140140锁紧型钢丝螺套安装校准攻丝钻孔 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 141141锁紧型钢丝螺套 锁紧型钢丝螺套的更换 判明螺纹损伤部位及规格 取出损坏的钢丝螺套 用牙规检查安装孔螺纹 参照手册修理工艺修理螺纹 用专工具安装同型号的钢丝螺套 剪去多余钢丝螺套 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 142142螺纹凸出量的最低要求螺纹凸出量螺纹公称尺寸最小凸出量(A).138-32.047.138-40.038.164-32.047.164-36.042.190-32.038.190-24.063.250-20.075.250-28.054.3125-18.083.3125-24.063.375-16.094.375-24.063.4375-14.107.4375-20.075.500-13.115.500-20.075.5625-12.125.5626-18.083.625-11.136.625-18.083 螺纹的凸出量必须满螺纹的凸出量必须满足表中的最低要求足表中的最低要求,但这些但这些螺纹凸出量的要求并不适螺纹凸出量的要求并不适用于开槽的钢制自锁螺帽用于开槽的钢制自锁螺帽 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 143143自锁螺帽保险 自锁螺帽保险的安装及注意事项螺栓头必须伸出自锁螺帽。重复使用时，应检查其“Run-Down”（松 开力矩值）自锁螺帽不能攻丝。FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 144144复习与思考复习与思考常用机械保险有那些?用保险丝保险时、你应注意些什么？你怎样判断紧固件的拧紧方向？自锁镙帽重复使用时，为什么要检查松开力矩值？FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 145145复习紧固件保险种类：复习紧固件保险种类：保险丝保险、开口销保险、保险丝保险、开口销保险、卡环保险、卡环保险、弹簧垫圈保险、弹簧垫圈保险、双螺帽保险、保险片保险、双螺帽保险、保险片保险、针形保险、自锁螺帽保险、针形保险、自锁螺帽保险、钢索保险、钢索保险、弹簧垫片、弹簧垫片、松紧螺套保险、松紧螺套保险、FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY WRITER:ZHANG MIN APRIL 01,2007 AIR CHINA CHENGDU 146146