专家系统架构细部图课件

10.1 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm1010MANAGINGKNOWLEDGE FORTHE DIGITALFIRMChapter 10MANAGINGChapter 10.2 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmWhy do businesses today need knowledge Why do businesses today need knowledge management programs and systems for management programs and systems for knowledge management?knowledge management?Which information system applications Which information system applications are most useful for distributing,creating,are most useful for distributing,creating,and sharing knowledge in the firm?and sharing knowledge in the firm?What are the business benefits of using What are the business benefits of using artificial intelligence technology for artificial intelligence technology for knowledge management?knowledge management?OBJECTIVESWhy do businesses today need k10.3 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmHow can businesses use expert systems How can businesses use expert systems and case-based reasoning to capture and case-based reasoning to capture knowledge?knowledge?How can organizations benefit from using How can organizations benefit from using neural networks and other intelligent neural networks and other intelligent techniques?techniques?OBJECTIVESHow can businesses use expert 10.4 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmDesigning knowledge systems that genuinely Designing knowledge systems that genuinely enhance organizational performanceenhance organizational performanceIdentifying and implementing appropriate Identifying and implementing appropriate organizational applications for artificial organizational applications for artificial intelligenceintelligenceMANAGEMENT CHALLENGESDesigning knowledge systems th10.5 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmOrganizational learningCreation of new standard operating Creation of new standard operating procedures and business processes procedures and business processes reflecting experience reflecting experience Knowledge managementSet of processes Set of processes Creates,gathers,stores,maintains,and Creates,gathers,stores,maintains,and disseminates knowledgedisseminates knowledgeKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATIONOrganizational Learning and Knowledge ManagementKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE OR10.6 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmKnowledge AssetsOrganizational knowledge enabling the business to create valueChief Knowledge Officer(CKO)Senior executive in charge of Senior executive in charge of organizations knowledge management organizations knowledge management programprogramKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATIONOrganizational Learning and Knowledge ManagementKnowledge AssetsKNOWLEDGE MANA10.7 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmTacit KnowledgeExpertise and experience not formally Expertise and experience not formally documenteddocumentedBest PracticesSuccessful solutions or problem-solving Successful solutions or problem-solving methods developed by specific methods developed by specific organization or industryorganization or industryKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATIONSystems and Infrastructure for Knowledge ManagementTacit KnowledgeKNOWLEDGE MANAG10.8 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmOrganizational MemoryStored learning from organizations Stored learning from organizations history history Used for decision making and other Used for decision making and other purposespurposesKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATIONSystems and Infrastructure for Knowledge ManagementOrganizational MemoryKNOWLEDGE10.9 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATIONKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE OR10.10 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmConsists of creating or processing Consists of creating or processing informationinformationDivided into knowledge workers and data Divided into knowledge workers and data workersworkersINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSInformation WorkConsists of creating or proces10.11 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmOffice systemsManage and coordinate work of data and Manage and coordinate work of data and knowledge workersknowledge workersConnect work of local information workers Connect work of local information workers with all levels and functions of organizationwith all levels and functions of organizationConnect organization to external worldConnect organization to external worldExample:Word processing,voice mail,and Example:Word processing,voice mail,and imagingimagingINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSDistributing Knowledge:Office and Document Management SystemsOffice systemsINFORMATION AND 10.12 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK10.13 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmDocument imaging systemsConvert documents and images into Convert documents and images into digital form digital form Can be stored and accessed by the Can be stored and accessed by the computercomputerKnowledge repositoryDocumented knowledge in a single locationTypical Office SystemsINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSDocument imaging systemsTypica10.14 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK10.15 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK10.16 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmKnowledge Work Systems(KWS)Aid knowledge workers in creation and Aid knowledge workers in creation and integration of new knowledgeintegration of new knowledgeSpecialized tools for specific types of Specialized tools for specific types of knowledge workknowledge work User-friendly interface User-friendly interfaceCreating Knowledge:Knowledge Work SystemsINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSKnowledge Work Systems(KWS)Cr10.17 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK10.18 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK10.19 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmComputer-aided design(CAD)Computer-aided design(CAD)Virtual reality systemsVirtual reality systemsVirtual Reality Modeling Language(VRML)Virtual Reality Modeling Language(VRML)Investment workstationsInvestment workstationsExamples of Knowledge Work SystemsINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSComputer-aided design(CAD)Exa10.20 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmGroupwareGroupwareIntranets and Enterprise Knowledge Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge EnvironmentsEnvironmentsEnterprise information portalsEnterprise information portalsTeamwareTeamwareSharing Knowledge:Group Collaboration Systems and Enterprise Knowledge EnvironmentsINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSGroupwareSharing Knowledge:Gr10.21 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMSINFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK10.22 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmEffort to develop computer-based systems Effort to develop computer-based systems that behave as humansthat behave as humansIncludes natural language,robotics,Includes natural language,robotics,perceptive systems,expert systems,and perceptive systems,expert systems,and intelligent machinesintelligent machinesARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEWhat is Artificial Intelligence?Effort to develop computer-bas10.23 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmArtificial Intelligence:Artificial Intelligence:Stores information in active formCreates mechanism not subjected to human feelingsEliminates routine and unsatisfying jobs Enhances organizations knowledge base Generates solution to specific problemsWhy Business is Interested in Artificial IntelligenceARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEArtificial Intelligence:Why Bu10.24 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE10.25 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmKnowledge BaseKnowledge BaseRule-based Expert SystemRule-based Expert SystemRule Base Rule Base Knowledge FramesKnowledge FramesCapturing Knowledge:Expert SystemsARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEKnowledge BaseCapturing Knowle10.26 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE10.27 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmAI shellAI shellInference EngineInference EngineForward ChainingForward ChainingBackward ChainingBackward ChainingCapturing Knowledge:Expert Systems ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEAI shellCapturing Knowledge:E10.28 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm圖專家系統架構細部圖圖專家系統架構細部圖10.29 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm专家系统架构细部图课件10.30 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE10.31 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmKnowledge engineerSpecialist eliciting information and Specialist eliciting information and expertise from other professionals expertise from other professionals Translates information into set of rules for Translates information into set of rules for an expert systeman expert systemARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEBuilding an Expert SystemKnowledge engineerARTIFICIAL I10.32 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmGaleria KaufhofGaleria KaufhofGerman superstore chain.Inspect over 110,000 item using classification.High/low risk delivery.Countrywide Funding Corp.Countrywide Funding Corp.A loan-underwriting firmUse 400 rule to achieves a 95%match with the underwriters ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEExamples of Successful Expert SystemsARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEExample10.33 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmCase-based Reasoning(CBR)Captures and stores collective knowledgeCaptures and stores collective knowledgeRepresents knowledge as database of Represents knowledge as database of cases and solutionscases and solutionsOrganizational Intelligence:Case-Based ReasoningARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCECase-based Reasoning(CBR)Orga10.34 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm新問題舊案例修正後方案解決案例案例庫驗證修正後方案提供解決方案校 正保 留擷 取再 利 用知識庫庫新問題舊案例修正後方案解決案例案例庫驗證修正後方案提供解決方10.35 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEUser describes theARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEUser de10.36 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmHardware or software emulating Hardware or software emulating processing patterns of biological brainprocessing patterns of biological brainPut intelligence into hardware in form of a Put intelligence into hardware in form of a generalized capability to learngeneralized capability to learnNeural NetworksOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESHardware or software emulating10.37 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE10.38 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE10.39 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES10.40 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmRule-based AI Rule-based AI Tolerates imprecision Tolerates imprecision Uses nonspecific terms called Uses nonspecific terms called membership functions to solve problemsmembership functions to solve problemsFuzzy LogicOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESRule-based AI Fuzzy LogicOTHER10.41 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES10.42 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmProblem-solving methods Problem-solving methods Promote evolution of solutions to Promote evolution of solutions to specified problems specified problems Use a model of living organisms adapting Use a model of living organisms adapting to their environmentto their environmentGenetic AlgorithmsOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESProblem-solving methods Geneti10.43 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES10.44 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmIntegration of multiple AI technologies into Integration of multiple AI technologies into a single application a single application Takes advantage of best features of Takes advantage of best features of technologiestechnologiesHybrid AI SystemsOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESIntegration of multiple AI tec10.45 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmSoftware programs Software programs Use built-in or learned knowledge base to Use built-in or learned knowledge base to carry out specific,repetitive,and carry out specific,repetitive,and predictable tasks predictable tasks Intelligent AgentsOTHER INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUESSoftware programs Intelligent 10.47 2004 by Prentice HallManagement Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm1010MANAGINGKNOWLEDGE FORTHE DIGITALFIRMChapter 10MANAGINGChapter