高中英语 Unit4《Pygmalion》-Reading

高中英语高中英语 Unit4Unit4PygmalionPygmalion-ReadingReadingWarming UpThis play by George Bernard Shaw is an adaptation of a classic Greek Istory.Do you know the story?If not,look at the pictures and the captions below them and try to work out the story and tell it to your partner.Pygmalion,a Pygmalion,a giftedgifted artist,dislikes local artist,dislikes local women.He spends much time creating a women.He spends much time creating a stone stone statuestatue of a beautiful woman.of a beautiful woman.PygmalionHe falls in love with the statue and goes to the Greek Goddess Aphrodite to ask her to to bring the statue to life.As a result of his prayers,his wish is granted and the statue is made into a real woman.The two marry and live happily ever after.George Bernard Shaw中文名：萧伯纳中文名：萧伯纳英文名：英文名：George Bernard Shaw别名：乔治别名：乔治伯纳伯纳萧萧性别：男性别：男国籍：英国国籍：英国出生年月：出生年月：1856年年7月月26日日去世年月：去世年月：1950年年11月月2日日职业：文学评论家职业：文学评论家 剧作家剧作家 重要事件：重要事件：1925年获诺贝尔年获诺贝尔文学奖。文学奖。代表作品：华伦夫人的职代表作品：华伦夫人的职业业、卖花女、卖花女George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950),Irish dramatist,literary critic,a socialist spokesman,and a leading figure in the 20th century theater.Shaw was a freethinker,a supporter of womens rights and an advocate of equality of income.In 1925 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.Shaw accepted the honor but refused the money.凯撒和克里奥帕特拉（凯撒和克里奥帕特拉（Caesar and Cleopatra）鰥夫的房产鰥夫的房产 （Widowers Houses）圣女贞德圣女贞德 （Saint Joan），历史剧），历史剧 卖花女卖花女 （Pygmalion），又名皮），又名皮格格马利翁马利翁 魔鬼的门徒魔鬼的门徒 （The Devils Disciple）人与超人人与超人 （Man and Superman）伤心之家伤心之家 （Heartbreak House）华伦夫人的职业（华伦夫人的职业（Mrs Warrens Profession）巴巴拉少校巴巴拉少校 （Major Barbara）苹果车苹果车 （The Apple Cart）主要作品简介简介说话不饶人的语言学家希金斯说话不饶人的语言学家希金斯（Henry Higgins）与友人打赌，要在六个月之内，将满）与友人打赌，要在六个月之内，将满口乡音、在伦敦街头卖花的少女伊丽莎（口乡音、在伦敦街头卖花的少女伊丽莎（Eliza Doolittle）改造成大家闺秀，出席上流社会的舞）改造成大家闺秀，出席上流社会的舞会而不被揭发。伊丽莎得知受改造之后有望斩断会而不被揭发。伊丽莎得知受改造之后有望斩断穷根，便欣然接受希金斯一连串的发音及仪态训穷根，便欣然接受希金斯一连串的发音及仪态训练。六个月后，伊丽莎成为舞会上的全场焦点，练。六个月后，伊丽莎成为舞会上的全场焦点，富家子弟纷纷拜倒石榴裙下，可是她发现自己只富家子弟纷纷拜倒石榴裙下，可是她发现自己只是希金斯眼中的赌具而已，遂毅然离开是希金斯眼中的赌具而已，遂毅然离开Pygmalion萧伯纳以这个故事为蓝萧伯纳以这个故事为蓝本，以卖花女一剧表现本，以卖花女一剧表现出皮格马利翁和伽拉蒂出皮格马利翁和伽拉蒂娅可能会发生的问题。娅可能会发生的问题。本剧曾于本剧曾于1938年翻拍成年翻拍成黑白电影，由黑白电影，由 Wendy Hiller 饰演卖花女伊丽饰演卖花女伊丽莎莎杜立德杜立德(Eliza Doolittle)，Leslie Howard饰演语音学教饰演语音学教授亨利授亨利希金斯希金斯(Henry Higgins)。1956年，此剧改编为音乐剧窈窕淑女(My Fair Lady)，由朱朱莉安德鲁斯(Julie Andrews)饰演伊丽莎，雷克斯哈里森（Rex Harrison）饰演希金斯教授。1964年，音乐剧拍成同名电影，改由奥黛奥黛丽丽赫本赫本饰演伊丽莎。当年获第三十七届奥斯卡最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳改编音乐等八座小金人。Do you know the famous actress?She is regarded as one of the most elegant ladies in the world.罗马假期罗马假期(Roman Holiday)1953年年龙凤配龙凤配(Sabrina)1954年年战争与和平战争与和平(War and Peace)1956年年修女传修女传(The Nuns Story)1959年年第凡内早餐第凡内早餐(Breakfast at Tiffanys)1961年年窈窕淑女窈窕淑女(My Fair Lady)1964年年This play“My fair lady”(窈窕淑女窈窕淑女)by George Bernard Shaw(萧伯纳萧伯纳)is an adaptation改编改编 of this Greek myth(神话神话).Although there is no character called Pygmalion in the play,it is about the same theme 主题。主题。The Pygmalion Effect is that people tend to behave as you expect they will.If you expect a person to take responsibility,they probably will.If you expect them not to even try,they probably wont.Have you ever heard of the“Pygmalion Effect”?心理学家莫顿（心理学家莫顿（Robert Merton）将）将此现象名之为此现象名之为“自我实现的预言自我实现的预言”。这也。这也就是在萧伯纳名剧窈窕淑女就是在萧伯纳名剧窈窕淑女(My Fair Lady)中为人所熟知的中为人所熟知的“皮格马利翁皮格马利翁效应效应”（Pygmalion effect）。）。皮格马利翁效应皮格马利翁效应(Pygmalion Effect)皮格马利翁效应，也有译皮格马利翁效应，也有译“毕马龙效应毕马龙效应”、“比马龙效应比马龙效应”，由美国著名心理学家罗森塔，由美国著名心理学家罗森塔尔和雅格布森在小学教学上予以验证提出。尔和雅格布森在小学教学上予以验证提出。亦称亦称“罗森塔尔效应罗森塔尔效应(Robert Rosenthal Effect)”或或“期待效应期待效应”：“说你行，你就行，说你行，你就行，不行也行；说你不行，你就不行，行也不不行也行；说你不行，你就不行，行也不行。行。”皮格马利翁效应启示皮格马利翁效应启示 皮格马利翁效应告诉我们，对一个人传递皮格马利翁效应告诉我们，对一个人传递积极的期望，就会使他进步得更快，发展积极的期望，就会使他进步得更快，发展得更好。反之，向一个人传递消极的期望得更好。反之，向一个人传递消极的期望则会使人自暴自弃，放弃努力。则会使人自暴自弃，放弃努力。当我们怀着对某件事情非常强烈期望的时当我们怀着对某件事情非常强烈期望的时候候,我们所期望的事物就会出现。我们所期望的事物就会出现。Reading Pygmalion Fateful meetingsAct OneAct One This text is mainly about the first experience of Eliza meeting with _.A.Professor Higgins B.Colonel Pickering C.Professor Higgins and Colonel Pickering D.a gentlemanAct OneSkimming2What do What do they do they do respecrespec-tively-tively?1What are What are the main the main characters characters of this of this act?act?3What are What are they doing they doing at the at the beginning beginning of the of the play?play?Tip:Tip:Some information is included in the stage Some information is included in the stage directions,like the character,time,place,weather,directions,like the character,time,place,weather,lighting,etc.lighting,etc.Eliza Doolittle(E):a poor flower girl who is ambitious to improve herself.Professor Higgins(H):an expert in phonetics,convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society.Colonel Pickering(P):an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins who sets him a task.Main charactersEliza Professor HigginsColonel Pickering Low classUpper class11:15,PM in 1914London,EnglandEliza,Professor Higgins,Colonel Pickeringfateful meetingsFast reading6Scanning1.1.Eliza greeted to the gentleman in order to _.Eliza greeted to the gentleman in order to _.2.Why did Eliza begin to cry?Because _.2.Why did Eliza begin to cry?Because _.3.Professor Higgins believed that he could judge 3.Professor Higgins believed that he could judge a person by _.a person by _.Scanning1.Eliza greeted to the gentleman in order to _.1.Eliza greeted to the gentleman in order to _.A.talk with him B.B.ask him to buy some flowers from her C.ask him to teach herD.beg some money from him2.The flower girl cried when she found Higgins making notes because A.She thought she did something wrong.A.She thought she did something wrong.B.She thought she didnt have the right to sell B.She thought she didnt have the right to sell flowers.flowers.C.She didnt want Higgins to write down what C.She didnt want Higgins to write down what she said.she said.D.She thought Higgins was a policeman D.She thought Higgins was a policeman in in disguise disguise and wanted to arrest her.and wanted to arrest her.Scanning3.Professor Higgins believed that he could judge a person by _.A.his appearance B.B.his action C.his conversation D.his mannersstatusspeaking or behaviorclothesattitudeexpensive possessionseducation levelhow many foreign languages spokenor countries visited(like cars and jewellery)What other things can show ones status in society?Lower classLanguage:calls gentleman“sir”and _(or captain)which is a complimentBehaviour:_ to people of higher classComprehending respectful“capin”Language:calls Eliza“_”and Pickering“_”Behaviour:_ to lower class;_ to same or upper classMiddle classrudepoliteyou silly girlmy dear manUpper classLanguage:prepared to begin a _ with Henry,whom he does not know;generous with praise to himBehaviour:generally confident and _;but _ Elizapoliteignoresconversation1.He is arrogant（傲慢的）（傲慢的）.2.He thinks the use of correct English grammar matters.3.He thinks the girl can never overcome this problem.1.Eliza is respectful to people of a higher social class than her(sir).2.She is aggressive（敢做敢为的）（敢做敢为的）when defending herself.3.She is sensitive（敏感的）about how she appears to others.1.Modest.In truth he is an authority（权威）on Indian languages.2.He is prepared to learn from others.3.He ignores Eliza but speaks to Henry as they are social equals.Choose those adjectives in the list Choose those adjectives in the list which best describe each character which best describe each character in the play.in the play.Impatient kind polite rude confident anxious eager enthusiastic ambitious（有雄心的）（有雄心的）emotional（易于动感情的，情绪化的）（易于动感情的，情绪化的）self-important(妄自尊大的妄自尊大的)generous unsure(没自信的没自信的)superior(傲慢的傲慢的)kind,polite,generous,enthusiastic,eager,confident impatient,rude,confident,superior,self-importantanxious,eager,emotional,ambitious,unsureMaking the bet (Act Two)1.This text is mainly about Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering _ about teaching Eliza.A.making a conversation B.quarreling C.making a bet D.fightingAct Two 2.Eliza came to visit Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering in order to let them _ A.give her some money B.give her a job as a flower shops assistant C.teach her to speak well D.have a bath 3.Aliza only offered them _ if they could teach her.A.1 shilling B.2 shillings C.nothing D.3 shillings4.Henry Higgins and colonel Pickering finally decided to _ Eliza.A.throw back B.teach C.beat D.only teach her how to speak 5.Eliza refused to have a bath,from what she said,we can infer that she lived a _ life.A.miserable B.happy C.free D.dirtyChanging Changing ElizaEliza1.Elizas clothes2.Elizas hygiene3.Elizas behaviour1.Buy new ones 2.Give her baths3.Learn how to walk and behave in upper class social activities4.Her language:grammar pronunciation use of appropriate language(eg no swearing)4.Have lessons to help her with all three problems:learn the rules practise repeating words till correct learn socially safe topics to discussPygmalion-My Fair LadyAct ThreeTesting Eliza（1）The Ambassadors Garden Party(2)At Mr.Higgins home,Eliza was introduced to Higgins mother and two other guests Clara and Freddy Hill.Eliza looked all right,and her dress,pronunciation(发音)and manners had been improved,but she gave herself away(暴露了自己的身份暴露了自己的身份).Eliza tried to make suitable polite conversations（谈话）（谈话）,but she talked about the weather like a weather girl and accused someone of killing（指责某人谋杀）her aunt for a hat,which was not reasonable（合理的）（合理的）.The Ambassadors Garden Party(2)The ambassador and his wife thought Eliza was a princess(公主公主)because she looked beautiful and her English was so good.Mr.Pommuck,the interpreter（口译者）（口译者）for the ambassador could speak 32 languages and was good at discovering（发现）（发现）what country people came from.But he thought of Eliza as a Hungarian princess,because she spoke English perfectly（完美地）（完美地）.This time she was a great success.However,she couldnt bear（忍受）（忍受）peoples staring at her,which causes her a lot of stress（压力）（压力）.hesitatevi.犹豫，踌躇犹豫，踌躇She hesitated about the choice between the two pairs shoes for her daughter.to do sth.犹豫做某事犹豫做某事 hesitate about/over(doing)sth.(about)clause 从句从句如果有问题请尽管和我联系 Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions.She hesitated about accepting the invitation.He hesitated(about)whether his parents suggestion was practical.without hesitation She agreed without any hesitation.mistaken adj,在句中作表语或前置定语。在句中作表语或前置定语。作表语作表语 be mistaken about 对某事持错误的见解。对某事持错误的见解。You are mistaken about what he said.人们对这个孩子有不对的看法。人们对这个孩子有不对的看法。The people has a mistaken opinion of this child.Mistake for把把误认为误认为(take for)He mistook my politeness for friendliness.betray vt.显露出显露出(本来面目本来面目),背叛，泄露背叛，泄露,辜负辜负betray oneself/betray that无意中露出本性；暴露无意中露出本性；暴露betray+n.+to 出卖，背叛出卖，背叛 他们一张开嘴就露了陷。他们一张开嘴就露了陷。They betrayed themselvesbetrayed themselves every time they open their mouths.他背叛了祖国他背叛了祖国,向敌人投降。向敌人投降。He betrayed betrayed his country toto enemy.他的脸显露出他很生气。他的脸显露出他很生气。His face betrayed that he was angry.I wont betray his trust.我不会辜负他对我的信任。我不会辜负他对我的信任。如再迟到如再迟到,你将被开除。你将被开除。If youre late again,youll be dismissed from your job.老师提前老师提前10分钟下课。分钟下课。The teacher dismissed his class 10 minutes earlier.He was dismissed from the hospital a week later.dismiss vt解雇解雇,开除开除,免职免职,解散解散,dismissive.adj.表示拒绝或放弃表示拒绝或放弃,轻蔑的；轻蔑的；鄙视的：鄙视的：a dismissive shrug.5.I came to England to make your acquaintance.(与人与人)相识相识;make the acquaintance of sb了解了解(U)(+with)I have some acquaintance with Spanish.相识的人相识的人,熟人熟人CShe has many acquaintances in the business community.acquaint vt.(+with)1.使了解使了解,使熟悉使熟悉I acquainted him with the facts of the case.2.使认识使认识,介绍介绍Philip became acquainted with Kathy.fortuneU运气运气,好运好运,幸运幸运 success;good luck,C一笔财富一笔财富,财产、钱财财产、钱财一天幸运降临到他的头上。一天幸运降临到他的头上。One day the good fortune befell him.父亲死时父亲死时,他继承了一笔财富。他继承了一笔财富。He received a large fortune when his father died.make a fortune 发财发财 He made a fortune by selling houses.fortunate adj.幸运的幸运的 fortunately adv.幸运地幸运地 be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.幸运地做某事幸运地做某事I am fortunate to have met you at a proper time.He was fortunate in having a doctor as his friend.superioradj.优秀优秀(等等)的，较高的、傲慢的的，较高的、傲慢的 n.上级、长官上级、长官This hotel serves a superior grade of coffee.这家旅馆提供优等咖啡这家旅馆提供优等咖啡Ill speak to your superior about this careless work.be superior to 比比高明高明(强、好强、好)，上级的，上级的这块地毯在质量上比那块好。这块地毯在质量上比那块好。This carpet is far superior to that one in quality.be inferior to 下级（的），较低等的，较差的下级（的），较低等的，较差的be senior to 比比年长年长(资深资深)be junior to 比比年幼年幼(资浅资浅)prior/posterior to在前的，居先的在前的，居先的8.pronounce vt.发音发音,宣布、宣称宣布、宣称 (=announce,declare)他发音清晰。他发音清晰。He pronounced his words clearly.法官宣布判决。法官宣布判决。The judge pronounced the sentence.他宣称自己喜欢这个计划。他宣称自己喜欢这个计划。He pronounced himself in favor of the plan.The patient was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital.pronunciation n.发音（方式），读法发音（方式），读法 promise n.vi,vt 妥协，折衷妥协，折衷,放弃放弃After lengthy talks the two sides finally reached a compromise./came to a compromise(n.)In any relationship,you have to make compromises.I would rather die than promise with sb.(on sth)Lu Xun never compromised with his enemies.We are not prepared to compromise on safety.He refused to compromise his principles(原则).10.overlook vt.俯视，未看到，不理会，监视俯视，未看到，不理会，监视The house on the hill overlooks the village.The monument overlooks the square.He overlooked a spelling error on the first page.Dont overlook the disabled.她不知道隔壁邻居的女人一直在监视她她不知道隔壁邻居的女人一直在监视她 She did not know that she was being overlooked by the woman next door.11.The English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days.那一口英语使她注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子那一口英语使她注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子.condemn vt.判刑，谴责，使判刑，谴责，使注定注定condemn sb./sth for sth.指责指责.为为她知道社会将会谴责她遗弃孩子她知道社会将会谴责她遗弃孩子.She knew that society would condemn her for deserting her child.condemn sb to sth.判某人某种刑罚判某人某种刑罚,使使注定注定The judge condemned the criminal to death.His bad leg condemned him to a wheelchair.1.(某人)冒充2.结识,与相见3.惊愕地4.一般来说5.就来说,从角度6.带进来7.几天前8.带走,拿走1.pass off as2.make ones acquaintance3.in amazement 4.generally speaking5.in terms of6.show in7.the other day 8.take away9.需要10.逐渐模糊11.给某人派任务 12.避雨13.一把,几个14.透露身份,显露(本来面目)15.伪装,乔装 16.毫不犹豫9.in need of 10.fade out11.set sb a task 12.shelter/hide from rain13.a handful of 14.betray oneself15.in disguise 16.Without(any)hesitation 17.把把.误认为误认为 18.要是要是怎么办怎么办19.优于优于 20.打赌打赌21.注定注定 22.使使相信相信23采取有效措施采取有效措施25下着倾盆大雨下着倾盆大雨Take/mistakefor.What ifBe superior to.Make a betCondemn toConvince sb ofTake effective measuresIt is pouring with rain./The rain is pouring.It rains cats and dogs23答应要求答应要求24.简单情节简单情节25.令人头痛的结局令人头痛的结局26.根据根据把把.分类分类27.社会地位社会地位 28.收集无价古董收集无价古董 29.把某人当下贱人看待把某人当下贱人看待30.粗俗得可爱粗俗得可爱Grant a wishA simple plotA troublesome outcomeClassifybysocial statusCollect priceless antiques Treat sb like dirtDeliciously low31.令人作呕的气味令人作呕的气味32.(声音、画面声音、画面)逐渐模糊逐渐模糊、33.再一次再一次34.古典名著的简版古典名著的简版 35.辛苦获得的知识辛苦获得的知识36.我该怎么办？我该怎么办？37.用用的声音的声音38.自以为是自以为是39.移交移交 A disgusting smell Fade outOnce more/once againeasy versions of classic playsHard-earned knowledge What is to become of me?in a(low/loud)voiceFancy oneself asHand overConfuse congratulate educate authentic status reaction mistake hesitateBernard Shaw was very interested in the way people spoke.He argued that this showed their level of _ and therefore their position in society.He always said that he was never _ about peoples _ after hearing them talk.In fact he _ himself on his ability to decide whether they belong to a lower,middle or upper class after listening to their conversation.He never _educationmistakenstatuscongratulatedhesitatedConfuse congratulate educate authentic status reaction mistake hesitatein his view that in England the _ of one person to another depended upon their speech.He thought that good grammar and pronunciation were the most important things you needed to be accepted as a(an)_ member of the upper or middle class.So no one should be _ about the message he wrote in this play.reactionauthenticconfusedSummary At the beginning of the act,these main characters were _from a heavy rain.When Eliza realized Higgins was taking notes she mistook him for _ _.She asked to look at the note,only to find the writing unreadable.Then Higgins read it _ her in his voice and decided where Eliza came from.Colonel Pickering,who had been watching Eliza,cut in and asked Higgins how he was able to do that.shelteringa policeman in disguiseimitatingHiggins said he was studying and _ phonetics and was making an income byteaching people to improve their _.Then Higgins said Eliza,if educated to speak properly,could _ as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party or as a shop assistant.Eliza was pleased at his remark but he _her.As the two men left to _their unexpected meeting,speechespass herself offignoredcelebrateclassifyingEliza was determined to find Higgins the next day to ask him to teach her to speak“_ English”.So act one of the play is an account of the _ meetings of the poor flower girl Eliza Doolittle,Professor Higgins and Colonel Pickering.authenticfateful单词拼写单词拼写1.All of us are waiting to hear the final o_ of the discussion.2.Only a h_ of brave people can take part in the bullfight in Spain.3.The new computer is technically s_ to its competitors.4.She was p_ dead on arrival at the hospital.5.English c_ such as Gone with the Wind are deeply loved by Chinese people.utcomeandfuluperiorronouncedlassics6.The _（改编）of the play for radio was easily done.7.Two men formed a _to rob the bank.8.He did not_（犹豫）to ask her to sit beside him.9._（使人心烦）financial problems depressed him.10.The part of the arm between the elbow and shoulder is called the u_ arm.adaptationplothesitateTroublesomepper11.He was appointed _ to Japan.12.I really like the a _ much better than modern art.13.If you thought he should be impolite,you were _.（错了）14.She was terrified of saying something that would make her b_ herself.15.The books in the library are _ by subject.16.Sweat p_ from Martins face.ambassdorntiquemistakenetrayclassifiedouredIn return in trouble in disguise in amazement in pain in delight in shock1.The wan we regarded as a policeman was actually _.2.The boy who got the first prize looked around him _.3.She stared at the priceless antique ring _.4.After the terrible accident,she was _ for a long time.in disguisein delightin amazementin shockIn return in trouble in disguise in amazement in pain in delight in shock5.After George slipped and broke his leg,he was _ for many weeks.6.He gave me a musical box at my birthday party,and I gave him a wonderful new coat _.7.When Sam broke his older brothers new cellphone,he knew he was _.in painin returnin troubleHenry Higgins and Colonel Pickeringare sitting deep in conversation.亨利亨利希金斯和皮克林上校下坐着专心地谈话。希金斯和皮克林上校下坐着专心地谈话。deep in意为意为“专心于专心于”,“全神贯注于全神贯注于”，“深陷于深陷于”等等,后接名词。后接名词。(1)埋头工作埋头工作 (2)沉思着沉思着(3)债台高筑债台高筑 (4)专心读书专心读书deep in workdeep in thoughtdeep in debtdeep in ones book(s)The emperor liked travelling in disguise.in return 作为报答作为报答in trouble 处于困境中处于困境中in danger在危险中在危险中in pain 疼痛疼痛in delight 高兴，欢喜高兴，欢喜in shock 震惊震惊in short 简言之简言之Plot hesitate classify dismiss betray antique fortune uncomfortably1.She claimed she was unfairly _ from her job by her merciless boss.2.You dont have to spend a _ to give your family tasty,healthy meals.3.The books in the library are _ according to different subjects.4.The detective film is well organized in terms of _.dismissedfortuneclassifiedplotPlot hesitate classify dismiss betray antique fortune uncomfortably5.After taking the medicine,he suddenly felt _.6.For years they had been _ state secrets to Russia.7.Dont _ any more,start out early and start back early.8.Priceless _ were destroyed in the big fire.uncomfortablebetrayinghesitateantiquesPassoff as make ones acquaintance in amazement in terms of generally speaking showin in need on fade out1.She watched a bright object flying through the dark sky _.2.The job is suitable for me _ salary,but it has its disadvantages.3.George found that a few words on the screen _ and then the screen blacked out.4.-Im delighted to _,Mr.Smith.-Me,too.in amazementin terms offaded outmake your acquaintancePassoff as make ones acquaintance in amazement in terms of generally speaking showin in need on fade out5._,he is perfect except for his carelessness.6.He esca