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阅 读 理 解 能 力 提 高 技 巧 （ 一 ） 秦 琦 辉Improving your reading ability（ 1）Qinqihui ： 1. The word “” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _. 2.The word “” is most likely to mean _. 3. What do you think the expression “” stands for? 4. The underlined word “” means _. . It will be very hard but very brittle that is , it will break easily. (adj. 易 碎 的 , 脆 的 ) The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. 信 号 词 ： be, be called, means, be defined as ,that is, that is to say,in other words,- (破 折 号 )等 .A is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood. can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life. 蚊 子 沙 漠 Ex. 1 A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a . His uncle is a , an expert who does research on animals. They are vertebrates,that is ,animals have backbones. The period of adolescence,i.e.the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short.木匠动物学家脊 椎 动 物 青 春 期 “Getting the cold shoulder” means that some one is actually in a way that makes you feel unwanted. The very words create a picture: You can imagine a friend turning away so that, instead of a warm greeting, you receive only his shoulder a “cold” shoulder.The expression “getting the cold shoulder” means _. A.being treated rudely by paying no attention to youB. greeting you friendlyC. greeting you by rubbing shoulders with you D. feeding you cold meat Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains . John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very . 污 秽 的 节 约 的 Ex. 2 In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of . Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are . Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was of the theft.混乱 无辜的 天生的 She is usually for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. 当 被 猜 的 词 前 后 有 信 号 词 : or, like , asas, the same as等 就 可 以 通 过 同 义 词 、 近 义 词 来 确 定 词义 了 。 The new tax law , or replaces, the law that was in effect last year. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as as mother, and much shorter.推 迟 圆 胖 的 , Some of US looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard， rocking the sheets to the fight or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. (2009广东 高 考 )47. The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means _. A. formed an idea for B. made an outline forC. made some space forD. chose some colors for上 下 句 是 SomeOthers句 式 ， while we conjured up our designs的 对 应 部 分 是 while deep in thought， 可 见 conjured up的 意 思 是 “ 思 考 ， 想 象 ” 答 案 为 A， 因 果 关 系 信 号 词 : because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, sothat, suchthat, thus Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very . The river is so that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.弹 性 的 混 浊 的 Signal words: because,so, suchthat,sothat,ect. When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.(04广 东 高 考 题 ）65. The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” (in para.3) means that the colours_A. Attracted the customers stronglyB. Had weak effects on the customersC. Tricked the customers into shoppingD. Caused the customers to lose interest D Cars must have certain safety such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes. On the farm they mainly raise , such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat. 家 禽装 置 6. Word Formation 构 词 法 ： 英 语 单 词 大 多 是 由 词 根 、 词 头 （ 前 缀 ）和 词 尾 （ 后 缀 ） 所 组 成 。 词 根 是 单 词 最 基 本的 部 分 ， 表 达 单 词 的 基 本 含 义 。 在 词 根 前 或后 加 上 前 缀 或 后 缀 ， 可 以 用 来 引 申 或 转 变 原词 的 意 义 。 只 要 我 们 掌 握 了 各 种 词 根 、 词 头和 词 尾 的 基 本 含 义 ， 那 么 就 可 以 很 容 易 猜 测出 由 其 构 成 的 新 词 的 含 义 了 。 super- (超 ) mini- (极 小 的 , 微 小 的 )micro-（ 极 微 小 的 ） re- （ 再 ， 反 复 ） mis-（ 误 ， 恶 ） im-（ 不 ） un-（ 不 ， 非 ） in-（ 不 ， 非 ）non-（ 不 ， 非 ） -able（ 能 的 ） -less（ 不 ， 无 ） -wards (向 ) vThis possibility was unforeseeable，because it almost never happened.un+foresee+able 不 可 预 见 的 Today the sport is popular in Latin America, Asia and, unfortunately, in some parts of the United States-even though it is unlawful in almost every state.What does the word “unlawful” possibly mean? A. allowed by the lawB. in accordance with the lawC. against the lawD. having nothing to do with the lawPrefix (前 缀 ）usualunusualhappy-unhappy 1) He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understand anything. Even then all I could was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. A. see clearly B. understand C. expect 在 阅 读 的 过 程 中 ， 如 遇 到 生 词 ， 有 时 可 以 根 据自 身 的 直 接 或 间 接 的 经 验 ， 或 运 用 自 己 已 有 的 常 识将 其 推 测 出 来 。 比 如 了 解 一 些 英 美 国 家 的 天 文 地 理 、风 俗 习 惯 、 宗 教 信 仰 、 政 治 结 构 、 社 会 制 度 等 ， 可以 帮 助 加 深 对 文 章 的 理 解 ， 遇 到 生 词 时 ， 猜 测 词 义的 能 力 自 然 就 会 增 强 。When a doctor performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anesthetic to make himunconscious， because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. n. 麻 醉 剂 (药 ) When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch spread in rings on the surface of water. Metal when heated and when cooled. 麻 药 波 纹 膨 胀 冷 缩 One of symptoms caused by the peculiar illness is a high fever. Because this chemical liquid is highly volatile, we must keep it in a bottle which has a tight lid. In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold. 症状易挥发的 颤抖 1. They traveled a long way , at last got to a castle, a large building in old times.?2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.?3. We are on the night shift-from midnight to 8 a.m.-this week.?4. She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.? 1.同 位 法 。 同 位 语 部 分 a large building in old times 给 出 了 castle 的 确 切 词 义 ， 即“ 城 堡 ” 。They traveled a long way , at last got to a castle, a large building in old times . The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year . 3.同 位 法 。 两 个 破 折 号 之 间 的 短 语 很 清楚 地 表 明 night shift 是 “ 夜 班 ” 的 意思 。We are on the night shift-from midnight to 8 a.m.-this week . 小 试 身 手1.Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence. A. time B. competition C. perseverance2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key. A. 成 功 的 B. 徒 劳 的 C.有 效 的 D. 匆 促 的3. Though Mr. Smith has been manager for just 3 months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors. A. 上 级 B. 前 任 C. 同 事 D. 下 级祝功成你! 4. She didnt hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading. A. 心 不 在 焉 的 B.紧 张 的 C. 全 神 贯 注 的 D.睡 意 浓 的5. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate. A. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic6. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. A. strong B. firm C. kind D. clever祝功成你! 7. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water. A. became sweeter B. became red C. became dry8. Just for fun, they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway. A. direct B. indirect C. straight9. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. A. small B. large C. dull祝功成你! 1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice. A. 雪 山 B. 树 枝 C. 冰 河 D. 冰 2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever 3. Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works. A. 租 用 B. 借 出 C. 购 买 D. 参 观 4. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 5. The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbor all call her an eccentric lady. A. 爱 猫 的 B. 古 怪 的 C. 闲 不 住 D. 动 物 保 护 主 义 者 6. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth. A. 便 士 B. 温 饱 C. 非 常 贫 困 D. 虚 弱 Tens of thousands of baby penguins face starvation after two giant icebergs broke off the Antarctic ice sheet and blocked their parents road to the feeding areas. Adeline and emperor penguins nesting on the Ross island rookeries are now forced to walk long distances over the icebergs to obtain food for their chicks, born during the November-December breeding season.What does the underlined word “obtain” probably mean?A. eat B. get C. sell D. buy A mans position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗 系 ), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _ in this text.A. honor B. endanger C. proud D. shame The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参 议 院 ) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever. B My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could.B Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.B After a four-year relationship with a major fortune 100 company beginning as a sales trainee and ending as a regional sales manager, I left the company at the height of my career. Many people were astounded that I would leave after earning a six-figure income. And they asked why I would risk everything for a dream.D 同 学 们 在 做 词 义 猜 测 题 时 注 意 不 要 脱 离语 境 。 有 些 常 用 词 在 特 定 的 上 下 文 中 ， 或 专业 性 文 章 中 ， 具 有 特 殊 的 或 专 门 的 词 义 。 在解 这 类 题 时 ， 必 须 仔 细 地 研 读 划 线 部 分 的 上下 文 ， 有 时 阅 读 的 视 线 还 要 扩 大 一 些 。 如 果离 开 特 定 的 语 言 环 境 来 理 解 生 词 意 义 ， 必 然会 理 解 错 误 。 Bye!
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