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Unit 4 Wisdom of Life * Mr. Bean , a Black-haired, bug-eyed, and weak-chinned comedian, acts different comic characters.It is his funny expressions and body language that make people laugh. Clowns also make people laugh.They often wear strange clothes , put on make-up and walk strangely . How many kinds of humour do you know? funny poems cross talk 相声 Types of humor funny stories comedy mime 哑剧 sketch小品 jokes Form groups of two or three to have a discussion about the following topics. 1. Humour is a helpful tool in communication. Please list the benefits humour brings to us. 2. When you disagree with others on something, how can you reach an agreement without arguments? Answer the following questions. 1. How many humorous stories about celebrities do you know? Give some examples. 2. Are there any humorous stories about yourself? Share them with your classmates. tough: a. having or causing problems or difficulties 艰苦的 ；艰难的；棘手的 It was a tough decision to make. 那是个很难作的决定。 She s been having a tough time lately. 她最近的日子一直很煎熬。 Language Points 1 conflict: n. a situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument 冲突；争执 This is a conflict between the government and the unions. 这是一次政府与工会之间的对抗。 She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现自己在将来的择业问题上与父母存在着分 歧。 Language Points 2 Language Points 3 chalk up: (infml.) to achieve (a success, points in a game, etc.) 获得，取得（成功） His team has chalked up its fifth win in a row. 他 的队取得了五连胜。 At the Sudirman Cup last night, China chalked up another win over Korea. 在昨晚的苏迪曼杯羽毛球比赛中，中国队又 一次战胜了韩国队。 pace 我们的工作进展缓慢。 Our work progressed at a slow pace. 搭配 Keep/ hold pace with 跟上，与 同步 Keep pace with the times 与时俱进 For many years this company has set the pace in the communications industry. 多年来，这家公司一直是通讯业的领头羊 （起 带头作用）。 Language Points 4 dismissal: n. the act or an example of dismissing sb. from their job 解雇；开除 The accident was caused by the dismissal of three workers. 这次事故是因三名工人被解雇而引起的。 He still hopes to win his claim against unfair dismissal. 他遭到无理解雇，仍然希望赢得申诉的胜利。 Language Points 5 neglect: vt. to not give enough attention or care to 忽略；不予重视；疏于照顾 lect (选择，集合 ) Neglect vt. 忽视 Collect vt. 收集 He can t afford to neglect his study. 对学习他一点儿也不能忽视。 She denies neglecting her baby. 她不承认没有照看好她的孩子。 Language Points 6 patch up (Para. 4): to settle (a quarrel, disagreement, etc.) 平息；解 决 Have you tried patching things up with her? 你有没有试试跟她和好？ Try to patch up your differences before she leaves. 在她离开之前尽量解决你们之间的分歧。 Language Points 7 sensitive : a. (1) needing to be dealt with carefully so as not to cause trouble or offence 需小心处理的；敏感的 Health care is a politically sensitive issue. 医疗保 障是政界的一个敏感问题。 This is such a sensitive issue that perhaps the press should not be told. 这是一个十分敏感的问题，恐怕不该告诉新闻 界。 Language Points 8 (2) aware of and able to understand other people and their feelings 体恤的；善解人意的 a sensitive and caring man 一个体贴的男人 She is very sensitive to other people s feelings. 她很能体谅别人的感情。 tolerance : n. (1) U (of/for sb./sth.) 忍受；容忍；宽容 religious/racial tolerance 宗教 / 种族宽容 She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind. 她容 不得开任何玩笑。 Language Points 9 (2) (to sth.) 忍耐力；忍受性；耐力；耐量 tolerance to antibiotics/cold 对抗生素的耐受性耐寒力 Tolerance to alcohol decreases with age. 酒量随 年龄的增大而减少。 hostile: a. very unfriendly or aggressive and ready to argue or fight 敌意的；敌对的 反义词 : amiable 友好的 The Prime Minister was greeted by a hostile crowd. 首相遭遇的是一批怀有敌意的人。 The speaker got a very hostile reception from the audience. 演讲者遭到了听众的强烈反对。 Language Points 10 let sb. off the hook（使）摆脱困境，逃避惩罚 The teacher let him off the hook with a warning this time. 这一次老师放过了他，只给了一个警告。 Language Points 11 Language Points 12 let off: to excuse from punishment, duty, etc. 宽恕 ， 放过 They let us off lightly. 他们轻易地放过了我们 。 She was let off with a warning. 她只是受了 个警告就被放走了 。 to allow sb. not to do sth. 允许 （ 某人 ） 不做 Mr. Wang let us off homework today. 王老师今天免了我们的家庭作业 。 Since you practiced the piano yesterday, Ill let you off today. 既然你昨天练习了钢琴 ， 今天我就不让你练了 。 to fire or cause to explode 放 （ 枪 、 炮等 ） ， 使爆炸 The boys were letting off fireworks in the square. 男孩子 们在广场上放烟火 。 inspect: vt. to officially visit a school, factory, etc. 视察 Public health officials were called in to inspect the building. 公共卫生官员奉召来视察了大楼 。 The leaders inspected the factory for signs of inefficiency. 领导们视察工厂看有无低效率的迹象 。 Language Points 13 strike: v. to refuse to work as a protest 罢工 The union has voted to strike for a pay increase. 工会投票决定罢工以要求加薪 。 The workers struck for better working conditions. 工人为争取更好的工作条件而罢工 。 Language Points 14 diminish v. to become or to make sth. become smaller, weaker, etc. 减少； （ 使 ） 减弱；降低 The worlds resources are rapidly diminishing. 世界资源正在迅速减少 。 His influence has diminished with time. 随着时间的推移 ， 他的影响已不如从前了 。 Language Points 15 Language Points 16 boom : to say sth. in a loud deep voice 以低沉有力的声 音说 A voice boomed out from the darkness. 黑暗中传来低沉有力的嗓音 。 “ Get out of my sight!” he boomed. “ 别让我再见到你 ！ ” 他低沉有力地说 。 Language Points 17 stride: vi. to walk with long steps in a particular direction 大 步走 ， 阔步行走 She came striding along to meet me. 她大步走上前来迎接我 。 The man jumped off the porch and strode across the lawn. 那个人从门廊上跳下 ， 大步走过草坪 。 Language Points 18 giant: a. very large; much larger or more important than similar things usually are 特大的 ；伟大的 A giant photo of the President hangs in the hall. 大厅里悬挂着总统的巨幅照片 。 The war is a giant step towards achieving independence. 这场战争是迈向独立的一大步 。 Language Points 19 tremendous: a. very great 巨大的；极大的 It makes a tremendous difference to the poor family. 这对这个贫穷的家庭来说是一个极大的变化 。 The teacher praised him for the tremendous effort he has made. 老师表扬了他 ， 因为他做了极大的努力 。 Language Points 20 principal : a. most important; main 最重要的；主要的 New roads will link the principal cities of the area. 新建道路将连通这个地区的主要城市 。 The principal reason for this omission is lack of time. 跳过它的主要原因是时间不足 。 Language Points 21 foster : vt. to help or encourage sth. to grow or develop 促进；助长；培养 The poet tried to foster his daughters interest in poetry. 诗人想方设法培养女儿对诗歌的兴趣 。 We hope these meetings will help foster friendly relationships between our two countries. 我们希望这些会议将有助于促进我们两国之间的友 好关系 。 Language Points 22 session: n. a formal meeting or group of meetings of an organization （ 议会等的 ） 会议； （ 法院的 ） 开庭 The court will be in session at eight o clock.法庭八点 开庭 。 They are preparing for the autumn session of parliament. 他们在为议会的秋季会议做准备 。 Language Points 23 shrink: v. to become or to make sth. smaller in size or amount （ 使 ） 缩小 ， 减少 Will this T-shirt shrink in the wash? 这件 T恤衫洗后缩水吗 ？ Shortage of hands has shrunk our plants yearly production. 人手不足已使我们厂的年产量减少 。 Language Points 24 exhaustion: n. U the state of being very tired 筋疲力 尽；疲惫不堪 Her face was gray with exhaustion. 她疲惫得脸色发白 。 We were in a state of exhaustion after climbing the high mountain. 爬上那座大山后我们筋疲力尽 。 Language Points 25 be caught up in: to become involved in sth., esp. when one does not want to be 被卷入；陷入 He regretted having been caught up in the affair. 他后悔当初卷入了这件事 。 We were caught up in the excitement of the crowd. 我们受到了人们激动情绪的感染 。 A lot of us lose life s tougher conflicts by taking a direct attack when a touch of humor might well enable us to chalk up a win. (Para. 1) Meaning: Faced with life s tougher conflicts, a lot of people choose to give a direct attack and get a defeat. In fact, they could have won by using a bit of humor. Sentence patterns . he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn t work any longer. (Para. 1) Meaning: . he is sure that the old excuse which he has used a lot before won t help him this time. Sentence patterns Does the early bird get the worm? (Para. 2) Meaning: Will I, the person who first come here and apply for the job, get employed? Sentence patterns Humor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected, means of handling the difficult situations in our lives. (Para. 4) Meaning: In our lives, humor is a most effective method of dealing with difficult situations, while people often pay little attention to it. Sentence patterns Finally, during a particularly hot session, the usually stone-faced Marshall forced a grin. (Para. 8) Meaning: Finally, at a session where there were a lot of arguments, Marshall, who was usually serious-looking, gave an unwilling smile. Sentence patterns As the shrinking number of surviving prisoners descended to new depths of hell . (Para. 10) Meaning: As the number of prisoners who could survive dropped sharply . Sentence patterns . he would give up the politeness by asking the hostess, “Ladle it from the bottom!” (Para. 12) Meaning: . he would stop being polite to let the hostess serve him the soup from the bottom of the pot to give him some thick soup. Sentence patterns I. Answer the following questions according to the information from the text. This time, he used humor to ease his bosss anger by saying “How do you do! Im Sam Maynard. Im applying for a job which I understand became available just 35 minutes ago. Does the early bird get the worm?” 1 How did Sam save his job? Two hours after she returned home, she received a long distance phone call. 2 When did the wife of the authors friend receive a long distance phone call? He was faced with an aggressive picket line of striking workers. 3 Who was General Roland Michener faced with? Marshall felt that ground forces should be highly developed while President Roosevelt believed that a powerful navy and a large air force were their principal need. 4 What were the differences between Marshall and President Roosevelt on strengthening military forces? Please give me some thick soup. 5 How do you understand the sentence “Ladle it from the bottom!” in Para. 12? 2 His boss was probably already pacing up and down with a dismissal speech prepared. 1 A lot of us lose lifes tougher conflicts by taking a direct attack when a touch of humor might well enable us to chalk up a win. V. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 我们当中有许多人在生活中遭遇棘手的冲突时，常因采取正面的对抗方式 而失败，而一点儿小幽默就很可能使我们取胜。 此时他的老板很可能正一边踱步，一边准备着解雇他的辞令。 3 The power of humor to dissolve a hostile conflict often lies in its unspoken promise, “You let me off the hook, my friend, and Ill let you off.” 幽默能消除对抗性冲突，这种力量往往来自那无需言表的承诺：“朋友， 你现在放我一马，将来我也会放你一马。” 4 Roosevelt studied Marshall over his glasses, and then slipped a great show of teeth and laughed. 罗斯福透过眼镜的上方仔细打量着马歇尔，接着，咧开嘴大笑起来。 5 Piled on top of malnutrition, exhaustion and disease, despair was the big killer in these castles of degradation. 当时除营养不良、筋疲力尽和疾病外，绝望才是这些集中营里的头号杀手 。 1 他没有坐牢 ， 只是被罚款了事 。 (let off) VI. Translate the following sentences into English. He was let off with a fine instead of being sent to prison. 2 你有没有试试跟她恢复和好 ？ (patch up) Have you tried patching things up with her? 3 妈妈嘱咐我说要尽量对同学宽容些 。 (tolerance) My mother told me to try to show some tolerance for my classmates. 4 俱乐部的宗旨是促进团体内部的关系 。 (foster) The clubs aim is to foster better relations within the community. 5 今天我又赶上堵车了 。 (be caught up in) I was caught up in the traffic jam again today.
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