2023年黑龙江大学英语考试模拟卷（3）

2023年黑龙江大学英语考试模拟卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.BQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./BADismayed.BRelieved.CDisappointed.DFrustrated. 2.BQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAHe was not affected at all.BHe didnt publish stories during the Great Depression.CIt had little and indirect influence on Hemingways writing.DHe was greatly affected and wrote some first class works dealing with it. 3.BQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAJogging is better than the other types of exercise.BHeart disease is no longer an American national problem.CJogging can be harmful if the runner is not properly prepared.DWarm-up suits are better than gym shorts and T-shirts for joggers. 4.BQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAHe will scold her.BHe wont pay her any money.CHe will tell her to do it again.DHe will pay her only part of the salary 5.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAThey were both busy doing their work.BThey waited for each other at different places.CThey went to the street corner at different times.DThe man went to the concert, but the woman didnt. 6.BQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAIt is close to the school.BIt is cheap.CIt has convenient facilities.DThe tenant agreement is good. 7.BQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAA certain poet.BHemingway.CJohn Steinbeck.DThe passage didnt mention it. 8.BQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAIt helps to avoid conflict.BIt stops any kind of argument.CIt helps people get their own way.DIt improves the business of the marriage counselors. 9.BQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAA comparison of jogging and other exercises.BA discussion of jogging as a physical fitness program.CA description of the type of clothing needed for jogging.DProviding scientific evidence of the benefits of jogging. 10.BQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BABy asking the Dean to pay for a professional.BBy doing it themselves.CBy merging with the Teacher Development site.DBy looking for another designer. 11.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAShe Should find a job.BShe should just stop worrying.CShe should be more realistic with her money.DShe should ask for more money from the loan office. 12.BQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAWorld War I and literature.BA history of American literature.CThe great works of Hemingway and John Steinbeck.DThe effects of World War I and the Great Depression on American literature. 13.Passage One Road courtesy is not only good manners, but good sense, too. It takes the most level-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to get their revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little courtesy goes a long way towards relieving the tensions and frustrations of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of good will and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of courtesy are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recognize courtesy when they see it. Contrary to general opinion, young drivers (especially sports-car owners, who take pride in their driving) have better manners than their seniors. But this attitude is short-lived in the world of modern driving where many drivers neither expect nor give any quarter. This may be a commendable trait on the battlefield but is out of place on the roads. Lorry drivers say they have almost abandoned the practice of signaling cars to overtake when the road is clear, because many of the cars took too long to pass. Their drivers couldnt be bothered to select a lower gear. Others, after overtaking, slowed down again and hogged (多占) the road. Again, a motoring magazine has recently drawn attention to the increasing number of drivers who never wait for gaps. They manufacture them by force, using their direction indicators as a threat rather than a warning. Slanging-matches (互相谩骂)and even punch-ups are quite common. It cant be long before we hear of pistols and knives being used: we can then call our dual carriageways duel carriageways, and solve a spelling problem in the process. Driving is essentially a state of mind. However technically skilled a driver may be, he cant be an advanced motorist if he is always arrogant and aggressive. Ironically, misplaced courtesy can also be dangerous and selfish. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a lone car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a pedestrian crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not littered with the corpses of these grannies.Road courtesy is good sense because _. Ait minimizes quarrelsBit cuts down the number of driversCmost drivers will hit you if offendedDmost drivers never make acknowledgements 14. Today, most countries in the world have canals. Some canals, such as the Suez or the Panama,U (62) /Uships weeks of time by making their voyage a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not located on the coast.U (63) /Uother canals drain lands where there is too much water, help orU (64) /Ufields where there is not enough water. TheU (65) /Uof a canal depends on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of theU (66) /Uboats using it toU (67) /Ueach other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of waterU (68) /Uthe keel of the largest boat using the canal. Some canals have sloping sides, while others have sides that are nearlyU (69) /UCanals that are cut through rock can have nearly Vertical sides. U (70) /U, canals with earth banks mayU (71) /Uif the angle of their sides is too steep. Some canals are lined with brick, stone, or concrete to keep the waterU (72) /Usoaking into the mud. This also permits ships to go atU (73) /Uspeeds, since they cannot make the banks fall in byU (74) /Uup the water. In small canals with mud banks, ships and barges (大平底船) mustU (75) /Utheir speed. When the canal goesU (76) /Udifferent levels of water, the ships must beU (77) /Uor lowered from one level to the other. This is generally done byU (78) /Uof locks. If a ship wants to go Up to higher water, the lower end of the lock opens to let the boat in. Then this gate closes, and the water is let into the lock chamber from the upper level. This raised the level of the water in the lockU (79) /Uit is the same as the upper level of water. Now the upper gates can be opened toU (80) /Uthe ship into the higher water. Sometimes a canal contains a series of locks when theU (81) /Uin levels is very great. AtakeBsaveCcostDwaste 15. The most important step in developing an effective campaign, and the step which must come before all others, is to define the objectives of the campaign with greatest possible clarity. Does the company wish to attract new investors Does it seek to acquire a company abroad Is a new product to be introduced Are new government regulations threatening the companys profitability Only after the fundamental needs of a corporation have been established can the basic objective for a corporate program be isolated; without such a clearly defined objective the campaign will have little effect. Note that we have spoken of an objective, not a set of objectives. One cannot create at favorable climate among the financial community, emphasize ones concern for the environment, seek to attract new employees by the creation of a progressive image, give direct support to sales staff, and emphasize social responsibility, all in a single campaign. A scattering of diverse messages will confuse the reader and in the end he will absorb nothing. After the prime reason for investment in the campaign has been decided upon, the second step is to collect all the information that one wishes to convey to the selected audiences. Since there is only objective for the campaign, one assumes that the audience has already been clearly identified during the selection of the objective. The third step involves the selection of the best possible media to be used in the campaign. It is alarming how many advertising experts first create the campaign and then select the media. The print media are quite distinct from such media as radio and television in their advertising capabilities. Even within the print media there are critical differences in style and approach which must be noted by anyone designing an advertisement for printing in a newspaper as opposed to a magazine. Magazine advertising in turn is not one unified field, for there are many different types of magazines and journals directed to entirely different audiences. The fourth and last step is to find a suitable creative approach. If the objective is to develop a receptive climate among the financial community, for example, it would be a mistake to work with too much illustration and too few detailed data, too many clever words and too few facts and figures. In a campaign aimed at fixing in the consciousness of the general public an image of the company as a progressive and innovative leader in its field, on the other hand, it might be appropriate to emphasize dramatic illustrations and not take the chance of boring the audience with facts.According to the author, the most important step in developing an effective campaign is _. Ato select the best possible mediaBto create a good environmentCto collect some informationDto define the objectives 16.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAHe left his camera at the airport.BHe enjoyed using his new camera.CHe lost his new camera on his trip.DHe left his camera in his friends car. 17.Passage One Road courtesy is not only good manners, but good sense, too. It takes the most level-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to get their revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little courtesy goes a long way towards relieving the tensions and frustrations of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of good will and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of courtesy are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recognize courtesy when they see it. Contrary to general opinion, young drivers (especially sports-car owners, who take pride in their driving) have better manners than their seniors. But this attitude is short-lived in the world of modern driving where many drivers neither expect nor give any quarter. This may be a commendable trait on the battlefield but is out of place on the roads. Lorry drivers say they have almost abandoned the practice of signaling cars to overtake when the road is clear, because many of the cars took too long to pass. Their drivers couldnt be bothered to select a lower gear. Others, after overtaking, slowed down again and hogged (多占) the road. Again, a motoring magazine has recently drawn attention to the increasing number of drivers who never wait for gaps. They manufacture them by force, using their direction indicators as a threat rather than a warning. Slanging-matches (互相谩骂)and even punch-ups are quite common. It cant be long before we hear of pistols and knives being used: we can then call our dual carriageways duel carriageways, and solve a spelling problem in the process. Driving is essentially a state of mind. However technically skilled a driver may be, he cant be an advanced motorist if he is always arrogant and aggressive. Ironically, misplaced courtesy can also be dangerous and selfish. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a lone car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a pedestrian crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not littered with the corpses of these grannies.The main trouble with young drivers is that _. Athey are proud of their carsBthey tend to own sports carsCthey soon become like the older onesDthey think they are on the battlefield 18. The most important step in developing an effective campaign, and the step which must come before all others, is to define the objectives of the campaign with greatest possible clarity. Does the company wish to attract new investors Does it seek to acquire a company abroad Is a new product to be introduced Are new government regulations threatening the companys profitability Only after the fundamental needs of a corporation have been established can the basic objective for a corporate program be isolated; without such a clearly defined objective the campaign will have little effect. Note that we have spoken of an objective, not a set of objectives. One cannot create at favorable climate among the financial community, emphasize ones concern for the environment, seek to attract new employees by the creation of a progressive image, give direct support to sales staff, and emphasize social responsibility, all in a single campaign. A scattering of diverse messages will confuse the reader and in the end he will absorb nothing. After the prime reason for investment in the campaign has been decided upon, the second step is to collect all the information that one wishes to convey to the selected audiences. Since there is only objective for the campaign, one assumes that the audience has already been clearly identified during the selection of the objective. The third step involves the selection of the best possible media to be used in the campaign. It is alarming how many advertising experts first create the campaign and then select the media. The print media are quite distinct from such media as radio and television in their advertising capabilities. Even within the print media there are critical differences in style and approach which must be noted by anyone designing an advertisement for printing in a newspaper as opposed to a magazine. Magazine advertising in turn is not one unified field, for there are many different types of magazines and journals directed to entirely different audiences. The fourth and last step is to find a suitable creative approach. If the objective is to develop a receptive climate among the financial community, for example, it would be a mistake to work with too much illustration and too few detailed data, too many clever words and too few facts and figures. In a campaign aimed at fixing in the consciousness of the general public an image of the company as a progressive and innovative leader in its field, on the other hand, it might be appropriate to emphasize dramatic illustrations and not take the chance of boring the audience with facts.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _. Aone objective will confuse the selected audienceBa get of objectives will help to attract new employeesCone objective will make the selected audience know what to doDa set of objectives will help the selected audience know more about the campaign 19.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAHer diet is not effective.BShe has lost much weight.CHer favorite food is banana.DShe has neither gained nor lost weight. 20. Today, most countries in the world have canals. Some canals, such as the Suez or the Panama,U (62) /Uships weeks of time by making their voyage a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not located on the coast.U (63) /Uother canals drain lands where there is too much water, help orU (64) /Ufields where there is not enough water. TheU (65) /Uof a canal depends on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of theU (66) /Uboats using it toU (67) /Ueach other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of waterU (68) /Uthe keel of the largest boat using the canal. Some canals have sloping sides, while others have sides that are nearlyU (69) /UCanals that are cut through rock can have nearly Vertical sides. U (70) /U, canals with earth banks mayU (71) /Uif the angle of their sides is too steep. Some canals are lined with brick, stone, or concrete to keep the waterU (72) /Usoaking into the mud. This also permits ships to go atU (73) /Uspeeds, since they cannot make the banks fall in byU (74) /Uup the water. In small canals with mud banks, ships and barges (大平底船) mustU (75) /Utheir speed. When the canal goesU (76) /Udifferent levels of water, the ships must beU (77) /Uor lowered from one level to the other. This is generally done byU (78) /Uof locks. If a ship wants to go Up to higher water, the lower end of the lock opens to let the boat in. Then this gate closes, and the water is let into the lock chamber from the upper level. This raised the level of the water in the lockU (79) /Uit is the same as the upper level of water. Now the upper gates can be opened toU (80) /Uthe ship into the higher water. Sometimes a canal contains a series of locks when theU (81) /Uin levels is very great. ASomeBManyCEvenDStill 21.Passage One Road courtesy is not only good manners, but good sense, too. It takes the most level-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to get their revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little courtesy goes a long way towards relieving the tensions and frustrations of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of good will and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of courtesy are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recognize courtesy when they see it. Contrary to general opinion, young drivers (especia