高一英语（牛津）Unit4知识点梳理

高一英语牛津-Unit4-知识点梳理 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. Unit 4 1. in fright 害怕地 其他类似词组： in fear 害怕地 in surprise 惊讶地 in excitement 兴奋地 in disappointment 绝望地 in sorrow 伤心地 in anger 生气地 in amusement 有趣地 2. frightened (adj.) be frightened of sb. / sth. 害怕某人/ 某事 The little boy was frightened of his father, as he always pulled a long face in front of him. 小男孩很怕他的爸爸，因为他总是板着脸。 be frightened to do sth. 害怕做 I am frightened to look down from the top floor of the building. 我不敢从楼顶往下看。 be frightened that She was frightened that she would get lost if she travels alone. 假如一个人去旅游她担忧会迷路。 3. sigh (n./ v.) 叹息 sigh sth. out / forth 叹息着说出 sigh about/ over sth. 为某事而叹息 sigh with pleasure/ relief 快乐地/ 宽慰地舒口气 have / breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气 give a deep sigh 深深地叹了口气 4. suppose (v.) 假定，认为 They suppose that all rich men are happy. (1) 用于插入语： What do you suppose he will say? 你认为他会说什么？ (2) 用于被动： be supposed to do 应该做- He is supposed to arrive at 6 oclock. 他应该在六点钟到达。 (3) 用作连词，表示假设- Suppose you are married with two children. 假设你已结婚，并有两个孩子。 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 也可以用supposing Supposing (that) you are wrong, what will you do then? 假设你错了，你会做什么？ 5. ignore (v.) 成心不打招呼，不予成认或不予理会 I said hello to her, but she ignored me pletely. 我向她打招呼，可她根本不理我。 ignorant (adj.) be ignorant of/ about sth. 对某事不理解 ignorance (n.) be in ignorance (of sth.) 对某事不知道 比拟：neglect多指无意之间的无视，常用于职责等方面。neglect ones studies 无视自己的学业 neglect ones duties 无视自己的职责 6. survive (v.) 幸存，经历某事物幸存，比某人活得长 The plants may not survive the frost. 这些植物可能不经冻。 She survived her own daughter by three years. 她比她自己的女儿多活了三年。 survival (n.) 幸存 survivor (n.) 幸存者 7. emerge (v.) 出现 The swimmer emerged from the lake. 游泳者从湖中出来。 比拟：appear, seem, emerge appear重点在于进入视线，被看见 One by one the stars appeared in the sky. 天空中的星星一颗接一颗地亮起来了。 seem重点在于判断 He seems to know nothing about the serious present situation. 他似乎不理解当前严峻的形势。 emerge表示的“出现”，暗含了此前曾有一个隐匿不为人知的阶段，也可用于It emerges that句型。 The truth emerged at last. 最终真相大白。 It emerged that she had eloped with Jackson. 后来发现她是跟杰克逊私奔了。 8. pest control (n.) 消灭有害动物如用毒药，诱捕装置等 有关control的词组有： birth control 节制生育 gain/ take control of 获得控制 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. have/ hold control of /over 控制着 lose control of 失去控制 seize control of 夺取控制 beyond control 无法控制 in control (of) 控制着，处于统治地位 out of control 失去控制 under control 被控制着 9. elastic (adj.) 有弹性的，适应性强的，灵敏的 Sponges are elastic. 海绵有弹性。 My plans are fairly elastic. 我的方案相当灵敏。 比拟：flexible, elastic flexible指有弹性的，主要指能弯曲的或容易折弯的。 This piece of metal is very flexible. 这片金属很轻柔易弯。 elastic 指变形后能复原的 an elastic swimsuit 有弹性的游泳衣 10. artificial 人造的，虚假的 artificial flowers, light, limbs, pearls 假花，人造光，义肢，假珍珠 She weled me with an artificial smile. 她以虚假的微笑欢送我。 比拟：synthetic, 强调“合成的” synthetic dyes 合成染料 synthetic substances such as plastics 合成材料如塑料 11. bullet-proof (adj.) 防弹的 leak-proof batteries 防漏电池 a sound-proof room 隔音房间 water-proof clothing 防水服 acid-proof 防酸的 shock-proof 抗震的 fire-proof 防火的 bomb-proof防爆的 12. disorder (n.) 身体或精神的不适，疾病，混乱，无秩序 He is suffering from severe mental disorder. 他患有严重的精神病。 a disorder of the bowels 闹肚子 a stomach disorder 胃部不适 词组：in disorder 混乱 His hair and clothes were in disorder. 他的头发和衣服都乱糟糟的。 disorderly (adj.) a disorderly room 杂乱的房间 disorderly crowds 阻碍治安的人群 13. get ones point 抓住某人说话的要点 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 有关point的词组有： keep to ones point 紧扣要点 lack point 不中肯 miss the point 抓不住要点 see the point of 理解 to the point 中肯，扼要 14. have sth. in mon 与-有共同之处 Though they are from different families, they have a lot in mon. 尽管他们来自不同的家庭，但有很多共同之处。 These two guys have little/ nothing in mon in dressing style. 这两个人在穿衣风格上完全没有共同之处。 15. occur (v.) (1) 发生；某想法出如今脑中，想到 (2) 出现，存在 I am so awfully sorry that the accident occurred. 对于事故的发生我很抱歉。 That he should have some deep personal objection had never occurred to me. 我从未想过他对我竟然有如此深的个人成见。 经常用于以it作形式主语的句子中，真正主语可以是从句，也可以是不定式。 It never occurred to me that you are in trouble. 我从来没想过你会有费事。 16. continuous (adj.) 不断的，持续的，连续的 For four days the town suffered continuous attacks. 那座城市连续四天遭到了袭击。 continually (adv.) 令人厌烦的屡次重复的，频繁的 They argue continually about money. continual (adj.) 连续不断的 We lived in continual fear of being discovered. 我们长期生活在害怕被发现的恐惧中。 17. absence (n.) (1) 缺乏，不存在 the absence of forest 森林的缺乏 (2) 缺席，不在 The decision was made in my absence. 决定是我不在的时候做出的。 absence from 缺勤 absent (adj.) 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. (1) 缺席，缺勤 be absent from work/ school/ a meeting (2) 心不在焉的，走神的 an absent expression / look/ stare absent minded absent (v.) absent oneself from sth. 缺席，不参加 He had absented himself from the office for the day. 这一天他没有去办公室上班。 18. upside down (adv.) 颠倒，倒转 The boat floated upside down on the lake. 小船底朝天漂浮在湖面上。 (adj.) 颠倒的，倒转的通常作表语 The painting looks like its upside down to me. 在我看来这幅画好似是上下颠倒了。 turn sth. upside down (1) 把-翻得乱七八糟；使混乱不堪 The police turned the whole house upside down looking for clues. 警察为了查找线索把整个屋子翻得乱七八糟。 (2) 给某人的生活造成大的变化或混乱 His sudden death turned her world upside down. 他的突然死亡令她的世界一片混乱。 19. stir (v.) (1) 搅动，搅拌 Stir the paint before you use it. 使用前先把油漆搅一搅。 (2) 使挪动 She heard the baby stir in the next room. 她听见婴儿在隔壁动弹。 (3) 激发，打动 She was stirred by his sad story. 他那悲惨的故事打动了她。 (4) 感情或情绪逐渐产生，萌动，被唤起 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. A feeling of guilt began to stir in her. 她心里渐渐生出了内疚感。 (5) 搬弄是非 Youre just stirring it! 你这不是搬弄是非吗！ 20. in contrast to 形成对照后跟短语 by contrast 形成对照后跟句子 In contrast to their new sports car, ours seems very old-fashioned. 和他们新的跑车相比，我们的车看上去太过时了。 Running water is very mon in big cities. By contrast, it is as precious as pearls in the desert. 自来水在大城市很常见。相比而言，在沙漠里自来水就像珍珠一样珍贵。 21. disturb (v.) (1) 打搅，干扰，阻碍 Im sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a moment? 很抱歉打搅您了，我能跟您讲几句话吗？ (2) 搅乱，弄乱 Dont disturb the papers on my desk. 别把我写字台上的文件弄乱了。 (3) 使焦虑，不安，烦恼 The letter shocked and disturbed me. 这封信使我感到震惊和不安。 学而思教育学习改变命运 考虑成就将来！ 高考网.gaokao. 第 11 页 共 11 页