当代中国义利观辨析.pdf

上海交通大学 硕士学位论文 当代中国义利观辨析 姓名：谢明慧 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：马克思主义理论与思想政治教育 指导教师：余亚平 20031011 1 2 iii Discrimination and Analysis of Contemporary ChinasOutlook on Justice and Benefit ABSTRACT What kind of outlook on justice and benefit to establish and implement is always on endless debating a topic of debating at ethics history of our country, called the debattion on justice and benefit”. This paper studyed observed the connotation and logical developwent of traditional outlook on justice and benefit last several thousands of years, found out that the early Qins Confucian from Confucius, Mencius to xunzi had carried out drastic controversy around many questions, such as morality principle and utility principle, colong development and individual existence, reason requine and perceptual desire, etc, then formed the tradition of emphasizing morality principle,colong development and reason require on the w hole. In the outlook on justice and benefit of the period of song,Yuan Ming and Qing, on the basis of inheriting the traditional sense of “Advocating justice”, the inclination of “Advocating benefit” has appeared. This is a remarkable sign evolved in development of the traditional outlook of justice and benefit. On the modern thought on justice and benefit, the evolution transformed into new anti-imperialist and anti-feudal thought on justice and benefit from the old thought has produced. The important characteristics is to enrich the country and people, resist the foreign aggression, deng old thought and carry forward the revolutionary cardinal principle of righteousness. “The distinguishing of justice and benefit” is prolonged. Tracing it to its cause, this is decided by the development state of Chinese social basic contradiction and the interests conflict of every class produced. The traditional outlook on justice and benefit has theoretical contribution and unconquerable inherent lack. It has extremely important inspirational iv meaning toward the value transition and value systems reconstruction in the course of Chinese modern societys change to appraise and benefit objectirely and draw nutrients from traditional resources. The socialist outlook on justice and benefit is scientific. It puts justice and benefit in an inalienable system to examine closely, overcomes the inclination of “Advocating justice not benefit” and “Advocating benefit not justice”at the same time, and have realized the dialectical unity of justice and benefit .It requires us not only pay attention to basic function of material benefit, fully respect and ensure individual legal interests, but also insist the moral desire that peoples interests is higher than all, and make every effort to make countrys benefit, peoples interests and individual interests from the benign interdynamic relation to reach harmonious and unanimous. It is an inherent need of socialism, well development of socialist market economy and the construction of spiritual civilization to establish the socialist outlook on justice and benefit lies in dealing correctly with the relations of individual interests and collective interests, economic benefit and social benefit, competition and cooperation, self-determination and supervision, efficiency and justness,first prosperity and common prosperity as well as economics development and all-side social progress to promote the society to develop harmoniously and orderly .Such outlook on justice and benefit acting on society mus t produce the positive whole effect. It is a course of making efforts lastingly and building consciously to formend strengthen the socialist outlook on justice and benefit. So we should carry on exploration constantly on value choise,value leading and value practice. On value choise ,we should set out from the reality of socialist market economy development in primary stage of our country, establish “three favorables” for the value evaluation criterion of the socialist outlook on justice and benefit, establish “common prosperity” for struggle objective, and make the socialist outlook on justice and benefit really become the value policy of guiding our behavior. On value leading, we should define the existence and development of the pluralistic justice and benefit value orientation, accept the guide of unitary justice and benefit value leading , and insist on the unity of “ pluralism”- and “unified”. In order to finish the task of value leading, we should pay attention to starting v with “advocacy” and “restraint” two respects, and strengthen the direction work of “means” and “subject”. On value practice, we should develop the productivity energetically to offer the material base for the construction of the socialist outlook on justice and benefit; strengthen the institutional improvement to offer the system guarantee; strengthen the moral education to offer education guarantee. The socialist outlook on justice and benefit can be established and be perfect progressively so long as we put some time on the theory and practice by all means. KEY WORDS: the outlook on justice and benefit ; socialism ; market economy ; the balance of justice and benefit. 1 . (1) 1 . (1) 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 7 8 9 10 11 , 4 12 5 (2) 13 14 15 16 17 6 18 19 7 (3) 20 21 22 23 8 24 25 9 (1) (2) (3) 10 11 12 (1) 26 13 27 28 14 (2) 29 15 16 . 16 . 17 (1) 18 1956 1978 20 19 (2) 20 (3) 1996 21 10 10 2000 6 28 2001 3 15 2001 7 1 22 2001 9 20 2002 11 8 (1) 23 24 25 (2) 26 30 31 27 1942 5 28 1945 4 32 33 29 30 (3) 31 32 33 (1) 34 (2) 35 (3) 36 (4) 37 . (1) 38 39 (2) 40 (3) , 41 34 42 (1) , 43 44 (2) 45 (3) 46 47 (1) (2) 48 49 50 (3) 51 52 53 54 1 47 2 38 5 629 9 11 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 251906 6 26 27 28 30 , 146 55 31 , 137 , 63 32 , 337 33 2001 , 160-161 34 , 265 56 57 58 59