《修饰语与范畴词》PPT课件.ppt

修饰语与范畴词 漫漫中华，泱泱大国，悠悠五千年历史，无数风流人物。长江 长城，黄山黄河，望不尽的锦绣美景，看不完我的祖国。 I walked joyfully along the path that was lit up by the golden rays of the morning sun. Beautiful flowers of many colors were blooming. How fragrant they smelled! Little birds were singing in the trees, as if greeting me Good morning! Good morning! My heart was bursting with happiness 我在小路上愉快地散步。朝阳金色的光芒把小路照亮。绚丽多 彩的鲜花正在盛开。这些花儿多么芬芳！小鸟在枝头歌唱，好 象在对我打招呼 “ 你早！你早！ ” 我心花怒放 修饰语与范畴词 毫无根据的诽谤 Groundless slander 不切实际的幻想 Impractical illusion 彻底粉碎 completely smash 完全征服 completely conquer 极为可耻 extremely shameless 伟大的历史性转变 a great historic change 修饰语与范畴词 我们要继续 坚定不移 地坚持以经济建设为中心。我们要继续 坚定不移 地推进改革开放。我们要继续 坚定不移 地保持社会稳定。我们要继续 坚定不移 地贯彻执行独立自主的和平外交政策。 Version 1 We will continue to unswervingly focus on economic development. We will continue to unswervingly press ahead with reform and opening up. We will continue to unswervingly maintain social stability. We will continue to unswervingly carry out the independent foreign policy of peace. Version 2 We will steadfastly focus on economic development, resolutely press ahead with reform and opening up, persistently maintain social stability and unswervingly pursue the independent foreign policy of peace. 修饰语与范畴词 Version 3 We will unswervingly focus on economic development, press ahead with reform and opening up, maintain social stability and pursue the independent foreign policy of peace. 我们要在本世纪头二十年 ,集中力量 ,全面建设惠及十几亿人口 的小康社会 ,使经济更加发展 ,民主更加健全 ,科教更加进步 ,文化 更加繁荣 ,社会更加和谐 ,人民生活更加殷实 . We need to concentrate on building a well-off society of a higher standard in an all-round way to the benefit of well over one billion people in this period. We will further develop the economy, improve democracy, advance science and education, enrich culture, foster social harmony and upgrade the texture of life for the people. 修饰语与范畴词 坚持弘扬和培育民族精神 ,切实加强思想道德建设 ,大力法展教 育和科学事业 ,积极推进文化创新 ,不断增强中国特色社会主义 文化的吸引力和感召力 . We should continue to carry forward and cultivate the national spirit, promote ideological and ethical progress, develop education and science, make cultural innovation and enhance the attraction and appeal of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. 修饰语与范畴词 可以肯定 ,实现了全面小康社会的目标 ,我们的祖国必将更加繁荣富强 ,人们 的生活必将更加幸福美好 ,中国特色社会主义必将进一步显示出巨大的优 越性 . We are sure that after attaining the objectives of building a well-off society in an all-round way, our motherland will become stronger and more prosperous, the people will live a better and happier life, and socialism with Chinese characteristics will further demonstrate its great superiority. 要完善深入了解民情 ,充分反映民意 ,广泛集中民智 ,切实珍惜民力的决 策机制 ,推进决策科学化民主化 . We will improve the decision-making mechanism by which decision-makers will go deep among the people to learn how they are faring, reflect their will, pool their wisdom and value their resources, putting decision-making on a more scientific and democratic basis. 修饰语与范畴词 有时 ,汉语为了获得 ” 强调 ” 效果 ,往往在一个词语后面叠加另 一个同义或近义词语 .英译时 ,为了避免拖沓臃肿的行文 ,一般应 采取省略 ,压缩 ,简化或合并的做法 . 他从小就认真读书 ,刻苦学习 . He worked hard at his studies even in early childhood. 海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞 ,手足兄弟 . The Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood. 本公司生产的地毯美丽大方 ,光彩夺目 ,富丽堂皇 . The carpets made in our company are beautiful, and magnificent. 修饰语与范畴词 修饰语 汉语的一些叙述性 ,描述性文字 ,常用前后连贯的若 干短句来加强同一个意思 .如果逐字逐句照译会有 啰嗦之嫌 ,此时不妨考虑采取 ” 省略 ” 的译法 . 这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象：谷种急水奔流，穿峡 而过，两岸树木葱郁，鲜花繁茂，芳草萋萋。 It is another gorge through which a rapid stream flows. Trees, flowers and grass thrive on both banks. 修饰语与范畴词 我们力求使这本刊物充满着浪漫的人文精神、深邃的哲思和妙 趣横生的智慧，同时也希望它高而不孤、博而不杂、温柔敦厚、 真率可喜，在你我之间联结温馨的友情。设想我们长夜相对、 促膝谈心，它会是几畔的一杯清茗。当你好整以暇、细细品味， 齿颊间悠远的清芬会令你回味无穷；若你为俗务所苦，只能在 匆匆之间浅啜，亦会觉得有暗香缓缓拂过心头。 In trying to fill the journal with romantic humanism, profound philosophical thought and sparkling wit, we hope that it will be your refinedyet not aloof, eruditeyet not confusing, tender, honest, frank and pleasant friend. It is like a fragrant cup of tea that will leave you a delicate aftertaste when you leisurely savor it, or a warm, quiet fragrance in your heart with only a quick sip. 修饰语与范畴词 要集中全国人们的智慧和力量 ,聚精会神搞建设 ,一 心一意谋发展 . We should pool the wisdom and strength of the people of the whole country, concentrate ourselves on the construction and plan wholeheartedly for the development. We will pool the wisdom and strength of the people of the whole country and concentrate on construction and development. 修饰语与范畴词 修饰语与范畴词 范畴词 情况 , 状态 , 现象 , 问题 , 局面 , 方面 英语的范畴词大多有实际意义 (如 category, field, aspect, situation等 ), 而汉语的范畴词不少则为语气的延续 ,译成英语时往往隐含于上下文文中 (如介词 ,动词 ,名词各自的含义 ). Oneness 融为一体的 状态 Backwardness 落后 状态 Mindlessness 思想上的混沌 状态 Nostalgia 怀旧 情结 Togetherness 不分彼此的集体 感 修饰语与范畴词 Tension 紧张 局势 Arrogance 自满 情绪 Magnetization 磁化 现象 Rudeness 粗鲁 态度 Antagonism 敌对 态度 Persuasion 说服 工作 修饰语与范畴词 Preparation 准备 工作 Madness 疯狂 行为 Precaution 预防 措施 We have winked at these irregularities too long. 我们对这种混乱无序的 现象 容忍得太久了 . What, under these uncertainties, was to be done? 在这种扑朔迷离的 情况 下 ,该怎么办 ? 虽然他极力解释他的计划，对于这一计划是否可行，他们仍然持 怀疑的 态度 。 Even though he tried hard to explain his plan, they were still skeptical of its feasibility. 修饰语与范畴词 The administration was free from corruption. 这届政府没有腐败 现象 。（句中 corruption译为 “ 腐败现象 ” 更符合汉 语习惯。 India, China, North Africa and the United States are all running freshwater deficits, pumping more from their aquifers than rain can replenish.（ GJYDp11） 因为从地下蓄水层抽出的水，雨水来不及补充，所以印度、中国、北非和 美国等地区都面临着淡水不足的 问题 。 Ive seen more and more people who can not read and write. Our Government has been saying that they are trying to climate illiteracy. Is our Government trying to eliminate education? 我发觉不会读书写字的人愈来愈多了。政府老是说他们正在尽力消灭文盲 现象 他们莫非正在想方设法小麦交易？（ has been saying表示厌倦 或反感， are trying表示讥讽）。 修饰语与范畴词 他是在我不知道的 情况 下私自拿走的 . He took it away without my knowledge. 他们在讨论他访问香港的 事情 . They are discussing his trip to Hong Kong. 在工作中 ,大家都必须杜绝浪费 现象 . We must put an end to waste in our work. 关于利润分配 问题 ,我就说这些 . On profit distribution, thats all I have got to say. 修饰语与范畴词 根据一般加工工业生产能力普遍过剩的 现实状况 ,把国债投资重 点放在基础设施建设方面 . In view of the over-productivity in the general processing industries, investments from national bonds were mainly put into infrastructure development. 各地领导部门要努力开拓就业 门路 . Version 1 Local authorities should work hard to find ways to create jobs. Version 2 Local authorities should work hard to create jobs. 修饰语与范畴词 在世界经济增长明显减速的 情况 下 ,我们实现了经 济较快增长 . Despite a noticeable slowdown in the world economy, Chinas economy grew fairly rapidly. 农业 ,农村和农民 问题 是关系改革开放和现代化建 设全局的重大问题 . Agriculture, rural areas and farmers are of great importance to the reform, opening up and modernization drive. 修饰语与范畴词 逐步推进商业 ,外贸 ,金融 ,保险 ,证券 ,电信 ,旅游和中介服务等 领域 的对外开放 . Version 1 Such areas as commerce, foreign trade, banking, insurance, securities, telecommunications, tourism and intermediary services should be gradually opened to the outside world. Version 2 Commerce, foreign trade, banking, insurance, securities, telecommunications, tourism and intermediary services should be gradually opened to the outside world.