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第10讲形容词与副词,专题一语法知识,真题诊断,考点突破,专项训练,内容索引,真题诊断,1.Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.(2018江苏，34) A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：虽然宾馆的服务很差，但经理仍然不愿意投资对员工进行充分的培训。reluctant意为“不情愿的”，符合语境。keen渴望的，着迷的；anxious担心的，焦虑的；ready准备好的，愿意的。,解析,2.Only five years after Steve Jobs death，smart-phones defeated _ PCs in sales.(2017江苏，29) A.controversial B.contradictory C.confidential D.conventional,解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：仅仅在史蒂夫乔布斯去世五年之后，智能手机的销售额就打败了传统的个人电脑。语境提到smart-phones(智能手机)，与之对应的PCs(personal puters)应该用形容词conventional修饰，表示“传统的”。controversial有争议的；contradictory自相矛盾的；confidential机密的。故选D。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,3.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But _ explanations are hard to find. (2017江苏，34) A.alternative B.aggressive C.ambiguous D.apparent,解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：恐龙的灭绝不一定是因为天体的碰撞，但也难以找到别的解释。空格处与前面的“未必”(not necessarily)呼应，这里用alternative表示“另外的，可替代的”。aggressive好斗的，挑衅的；ambiguous模棱两可的，不明确的；apparent显而易见的，明白的。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,4.I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment. Im sorry，but he is not _ at the moment，for the meeting hasnt ended.(2017天津，3) A.busy B.active C.concerned D.available,解析,解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：我想见怀特先生。我们已经约好了。很抱歉，但是此刻他没空，因为会议还没有结束。available可表示“(人)有空的”，符合语境。busy忙碌的；active活跃的；concerned担忧的。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,5.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，_ if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江，13) A.eventually B.strangely C.merely D.especially,解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：突然停下来可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其是你正在高速行驶时。especially特别，尤其，符合语境。eventually最终；strangely奇怪地；merely仅仅，只。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,6.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _ in the ing years.(2016浙江，18) A.little more B.no more C.much more D.many more,解析,解析考查比较级。句意为：我一直喜欢你组织的所有活动，希望在未来几年里能参加更多的活动。many more后省略了events。根据句意可知选D。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,7.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.(2015江苏，31) Aprehensive Bplicated C.conscious D.crucial,解析,解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：警官们决定对该案件进行一次彻底、详尽的审查。prehensive综合的，详尽的；plicated复杂的；conscious有意识的；crucial至关重要的。根据and判断，所填词和thorough(彻底的，细致的)意思相近。故选A项。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,8.Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food es from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive. (2015浙江，13) A.steadily B.instantly C.formerly D.permanently,解析,解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：我们大多数人，如果对食物来源多少知道一点点的话，就会明白我们嘴里的每一口食物从前都是有生命的。formerly以前，从前，符合语境。steadily稳固地，坚定地，不动摇地；instantly立刻，马上；permanently永久地，长期不变地。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,9.The idea “happiness，”_，will not sit still for easy definition.(2014江苏，28) A.to be rigid B.to be sure C.to be perfect D.to be fair,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,解析考查动词不定式短语意义辨析。to be rigid刻板地说，死板地说；to be sure诚然，的确，无可否认；to be perfect完美地说，说得完美些；to be fair公平而言，说句公道话。本句主干是The idea “happiness” will not sit still for easy definition.，其意思是：给“幸福”这一概念下定义远非易事。根据四个动词不定式短语的意义和句子主干的意思，我们可以选择B项to be sure。综合考虑可知题干句意为：诚然，给“幸福”这一概念下定义远非易事。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,10.Thanks for your directions to the house；we wouldnt have found it _.(2014江西，23) A.nowhere B.however C.otherwise D.instead,解析,解析考查副词词义辨析。nowhere无处；however然而；otherwise否则，要不然；instead反而。句意为：谢谢你为我们指路，要不然我们找不到那所房子。故C项正确。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,11.After the long journey，the three of them went back home，_. A.hungry and tiredlyB.hungry and tired C.hungrily and tiredlyD.hungrily and tired,解析,解析句意为：经过长途跋涉后，这三个人回到了家，又累又饿。此处形容词短语作状语，表示主语的状态。故选B项。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,诊断报告,解题方法,1.形容词词义辨析法 形容词的考查在高考试题中比较多，具体在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。 2.副词词义辨析法 副词的考查在高考试题中也比较多，具体在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。具体来说，要注意：(1)一些副词的具体含义；(2)一些副词在具体句子中的辨析。,考点突破,考点1形容词与副词的词义辨析,1.His prehensive surveys have provided the most _ statements of how，and on what basis，data are collected. (2016江苏，31) A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary,解析,解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：他全面的调查提供了关于如何收集信息及在什么基础上收集信息的最清楚明确的说明。explicit清楚的，明晰的，详述的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original起初的，原来的；arbitrary任意的，随心所欲的。,答案,2.They gave money to the old peoples home either _ or through their panies.(2015安徽，31) A.legally B.sincerely C.personally D.deliberately,解析,解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：他们或者个人或者通过他们的公司给敬老院捐款。legally合法地，法律上；sincerely真诚地；personally亲自，当面，个别地，就自己而言；deliberately故意地，谨慎地，慎重地。根据through their panies可知personally为正确答案。,答案,考点归纳,解决词义辨析题的关键是牢记某些高频词的词义，掌握词义的有效办法就是通过语境去记忆，通过背诵句子来记忆词汇的音、形、义。 1.Did he break it accidentally (by accident/by chance)? No，purposely (on purpose). 他是不小心把它打碎了吗？ 不是，是故意地。 2.Search your heart and ask if youre equally to blame. 扪心自问，你是不是同样也应该受到谴责。,3.Im especially (particularly) fond of pop songs. 我尤其喜欢流行音乐。,4.Eventually (Finally)，he made it.他终于成功了。 创设语境牢记下列高考高频词汇： increasingly，largely，meanwhile，merely，pletely，partly，practically，rarely，accessible，accurate，adaptable，addicted，adorable，affordable，aggressive，alternative，apparent，artificial，available，casual，cautious，plex，confident，constant，contradictory，controversial，dramatic，effective，flexible，frequent，individual，inevitable，optional，permanent，potential，relevant，skeptical，secure，sensitive，responsible，subtle，transparent，unique等。,考点2形容词与副词的比较等级,1.Andy is content with the toy.It is_ he has ever got. (2015四川，7) A.a better B.the better C.a best D.the best,解析,解析考查形容词的最高级。句意为：安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他得到的最好的玩具。根据he has ever got可以推知这是“他得到的最好的玩具”。故选D。,答案,2.Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was. A.twice as B.as twice C.twice much D.much twice,解析,解析句意为：据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。倍数表达法有多种，此处考查的是“倍数词as形容词/副词原级as其他”结构。故选A。,答案,考点归纳,(一)形容词与副词的比较级,(1)Goods imported from abroad are not always even better than those made in China. Yes.Some of the goods made in our country are of high quality. 国外进口的货物并不一定比中国做得更好。 没错。我们国家生产的一些商品质量很好。 (2)Its believed that the harder you work，the better result youll get. 人们相信，工作越努力，得到的结果将越好。,(二)形容词与副词的最高级,(1)The happiest are not those who own all the best things，but those who can appreciate the beauty of life. 最幸福的人们并不是拥有最好的东西的人，而是那些懂得欣赏生活的美好的人。 (2)I cant agree with you more，but we cant afford the money. 我非常同意你的观点，但我们负担不起这笔费用。,(三)表示倍数的几个句型,(1)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one. 为迎接下一届亚运会而正在修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。 (2)Mr Hilton is very pleased with the newly-built house，which is almost twice the size of the one he used to live in. 希尔顿先生对新建的房子很满意，这个房子几乎是他过去居住房子的两倍大。,考点3形容词作状语,Could you please explain the assignment for Monday，Miss Smith? Certainly.Read the next chapter and e to class _ to discuss what youve read. A.preparing B.prepared C.to prepare D.to be prepared,解析句意为：史密斯小姐，请说明一下周一的任务好吗？当然可以。阅读下一章，来上课的时候准备好讨论你所读的内容。根据句子结构可知设空处应为状语，表示状态。此处prepared为过去分词转换为形容词，强调状态，说明到学校的时候已经准备好了。,解析,答案,考点归纳,(1)Having been out of touch with his parents for two years，Jones returned home，safe and sound. 与父母失去联系两年后，琼斯安然无恙地回到了家中。 (2)Scared and alone，Joshua one day makes friends with a little mouse he calls Bethlehem who bees his closest friend. 由于害怕和孤独，一天乔舒亚和一只被他叫作伯利恒的小老鼠成为朋友，之后那只小老鼠成了他最亲密的朋友。,考点4连接副词辨析,Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and，_，supply more jobs.(2014安徽，33) A.however B.anywhere C.therefore D.otherwise,解析考查副词词义辨析。句意为：我们希望的是，我们能在市场发挥更大的作用，因此，提供更多的就业机会。however然而，表转折关系；anywhere无论何处，表条件；therefore因此，表因果关系；otherwise否则，表相反的结果。根据句意选C。,解析,答案,考点归纳,1.表示增补：besides，further，then，similarly，likewise，moreover 2.表示等同：similarly，likewise，equally 3.表示对比：rather，oppositely 4.表示概括：altogether，generally 5.表示列举：first(ly)，second(ly)，finally,6.表示条件：otherwise 7.表示让步：however，still，yet，nevertheless，though，anyway 8.表示结果：therefore，consequently，accordingly，thus 9.表示时间过渡：meanwhile，sometimes，occasionally 10.表示同位关系：namely 11.表示着重特指：mainly，mostly，particularly，especially,考点5形容词与副词短语辨析,What did you do last weekend? Oh，nothing _.(2014大纲全国，35) A.much B.elseC.ever D.yet,解析句意为：上周末你干什么了？哦，没(干)什么事。nothing much和nothing else是固定短语，nothing much意为“没什么事”，nothing else意为“没有别的东西，没有别的事情”；nothing不和ever构成固定短语，但可以一起用在句中，表示“没有什么事情曾经”；nothing和yet也不能构成固定短语，但也可以同时出现在句中。由语境可知，此处显然是表示“没什么事”。故A项正确。,解析,答案,考点归纳,1.to be sure诚然，无疑 to be rigid刻板地说，死板地说 to be perfect完美地说 to be fair公平而言 to be frank坦率地讲 2.good/nice and.很，非常，完全 3.much lessstill less(承接前述否定内容)更不用说 still more还有更多；更进一步,4.so much the better那样更好 for better or (for) worse 不论是好是坏，不论是福是祸 5.Not a/one (little) bit！一点也不！ 6.last but not leastlast but by no means least 最后但同样很重要的是,专项训练,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,1.Since we have been friends for many years，no more of this fancy playing with wordsI want some _ talk here. A.straight B.informal C.fluent D.concrete,答案,解析句意为：我们多年来一直是朋友，不要再玩文字游戏了，我想(和你)坦率地谈谈。straight 坦率的，正直的，笔直的；informal非正式的； fluent 流利的；concrete具体的。根据句意可知答案为A。,解析,2.John had planned to make a promise，but _ he changed his mind at the last minute? (2018泰州中学高三上期中，32) A.anyhow B.otherwise C.therefore D.somehow,解析句意为：约翰打算妥协的，但是不知道什么缘故，在最后几分钟，他改变了主意。anyhow无论如何；otherwise否则；therefore因此；somehow不知道什么缘故。故选D。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,3.Dont always put me on the spot like this.You know，because of my duty，I cant give away _ information to you. (2018泰州中学高三上期中，24) A.contemporary B.conventional C.confidential D.consistent,解析,解析句意为：别总是让我为难，你知道由于我的职责，我不能给你机密资料的。contemporary同时代的；conventional传统的；confidential保密的；consistent 一致的。根据语境得知泄露机密让我很为难。故选C。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,4.Shes added a few characters and changed some names but _ this is a true story. Apletely B.necessarily C.gradually D.essentially,答案,解析句意为：她加了几个角色，改了几个名字。但基本上，这是个真实的故事。pletely完全地；necessarily必然地；gradually渐渐地；essentially本质上地。根据句意可知选D。,解析,5.Pablo is a(n) _ person.At parties，he always spends time talking to anyone who looks nervous and out of place. A.conservative B.enthusiastic C.sensitive D.stubborn,解析句意为：巴勃罗是个热心的人。在聚会上，他总是花时间和那些看上去紧张不安的人交谈。enthusiastic热情的，热心的，符合句意。conservative保守的；sensitive敏感的；stubborn固执的，均与句意不符。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,6.Theres little chance that we will succeed in changing our fate._，it is important that we try. A.Meanwhile B.Nevertheless C.Otherwise D.Therefore,解析,解析句意为：我们能成功改变命运的机会不大，虽然如此，试一试还是很重要的。nevertheless然而，不过，虽然如此，符合句意。meanwhile同时，其间；otherwise否则，另外；therefore因此，所以。故选B项。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,7.Many a student has a _ opinion of him. But he is spoken _ of by the leaders. A.bad；worse B.badly；highly C.bad；more D.bad；better,答案,解析,解析句意为：很多学生对他印象不好。但是领导对他评价好很多。把领导的意见和学生的意见作对比。,8.It was a seemingly impossible task，but Helen，though physically challenged，carried on _，until it was pletely fulfilled. A.instead B.yet C.regardless D.still,解析句意为：这好像是不可能的任务，但是海伦，尽管是对体能的挑战，不管怎样都会继续下去直到彻底完成。instead相反；yet还；regardless不管怎样；still仍然。故选C。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,9.To promote a correct understanding of the Basic Law，we need the courage to clarify some _ points of view and to put the system into practice.(2017苏州调研，22) A.artificial B.arbitrary C.ambiguous D.absolute,解析句意为：为了促进对基本法的正确理解，我们需要勇气来阐明一些模棱两可的观点，并将这种体制付诸实施。ambiguous模糊的，模棱两可的，符合句意。artificial人工的，人造的，矫揉造作的；arbitrary武断的，任意的；absolute绝对的，完全的。故选C。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,10.Sue was greatly inspired though she made _ improvements in her English writing.(2018南通、徐州等七市联考，24) A.modest B.brilliant C.tremendous D.considerable,解析句意为：尽管苏在她的英语书写上只取得了一点点小的进步，但她仍然备受鼓舞。modest不太大的，微小的；brilliant聪明的；tremendous巨大的；considerable可观的，相当的。故选A。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,
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