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专题十六 词语运用,中考英语 (河北专用),一、(2018河北) 根据短文内容及所给提示,在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 June 15,2018 This morning I took a bus to school. The traffic was 1.(busy) than usual and there were more people on the bus. At Xinhua Stop, I saw 2.old man get on the bus. He looked very weak. I stood 3.and gave my seat to him. He thanked me and asked me about my name and my school. We talked 4.(happy). Later in the 5.(three) class, Mr. Du came in and asked me to go to the front. I didnt know 6.w, so I was a little afraid. Everyone was looking at me. Then he told 7.(they) what I did on the bus this morning. He 8.(know) it because he got a phone call from the old man. Mr. Du said I could be a good example to my 9.(classmate). It was really a good day 10.f me! I was so proud!,A组 2014-2018年河北中考题组,五年中考,答案 语篇解读本文为一篇日记。叙述了我在公交车上给老人让座、老人给学校打电话表扬我的事情。 1.busier由本空后面的than可知本空填busy的比较级。 2.anold的发音以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。 3.up句意:我站起来并把我的座位让给了他。短语stand up意为“站起来”,故本空填up。 4.happily本空应用副词修饰前面的谓语动词talked,故填happily。 5.third句意:后来在第三节课,杜老师进来了并且让我去前面。由句意可知本空填序数词。 6.why句意:我不知道为什么,所以我有一点害怕。由句意可知本空填why。 7.them句意:然后他告诉了他们我今天早晨在公交车上做的事。told为谓语动词,后面应该用人称代词的宾格形式构成动宾结构,故本空用they的宾格形式them。 8.knew由本空后的“because he got a phone call from the old man”中的谓语动词got可判断本空为一般过去时态,故填knew。 9.classmates句意:杜老师说我可以成为我的同学们的好榜样。由句意可知本空应用名词复 数形式,故填classmates。 10.for句意:对于我来说今天真是个好日子。 “对于某人来说”应为“for sb.”,故本空填for。,二、(2017河北) 根据短文内容及所给提示,在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 Im John. Im in Grade Eight 1.aRocky Mountain High School. Every 2.M, I go to the Buddy Club. In the club, older students help new students learn more about the school. My friend Sam is in the 3.(ten) grade. He often listens 4.(careful) to my problems. He always offers 5.(I) some help. He is a hero in my heart. We have different 6.(class) every day. On Friday afternoon, our school ends 7.(ear-ly) than usual. My friends 8.I often go to the Science Club together. Twice 9.week, we write robot programmes after school. We love making things, so we practise hard each time. Our team 10.(win) two competitions last term. We were very happy.,答案 语篇解读本文为记叙文。约翰介绍了自己的丰富多彩的校园生活。 1.atat.school意为“在学校”,故填介词at。 2.Monday句意:每周一,我去好友俱乐部。由大写字母M可知本空填Monday而不填morn-ing。 3.tenth本题考查序数词。the tenth grade意为“十年级”。 4.carefully本空应用副词carefully修饰动词listens。 5.me动词offer后可以接双宾语,即“offer sb. sth.”,所以本空填人称代词的宾格形式。 6.classes形容词different后接可数名词复数,故本题填classes。 7.earlier由本空后面的than可知本空应用副词的比较级,early的比较级为earlier。 8.and句意:我的朋友和我经常一起去科学俱乐部。根据句意可知本空填and。 9.a/everytwice a/every week意为“一/每周两次”。 10.won由后面的时间状语last term可知本句应用一般过去时,故填won。,三、(2016河北,) 根据短文内容及所给提示,补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 I organized a picnic last Sunday. I got up e1and called some of my closest friends. First, we decided on a good p2 to go, and then we talked about what food to bring. Everyone cooked the dishes that could be carried 3 (easy). Everything was put into a backpack and we 4 (take) it across fields. When we finally got there, we sat down eating, and enjoyed a nice day to-gether. And I was quite sure that food tasted much 5 (good) on a picnic than anywhere else!,答案 1.earlyget up early早早起床。 2.place根据句意可以推断出答案。 3.easily副词修饰动词,故填easily。 4.took由前一分句的was put可知后一分句也为一般过去时,故填took。 5.bettertaste是感官动词,其后用形容词,同时much修饰形容词比较级,故填better。 长难句First, we decided on a good place to go.首先,我们选定了一个好去处 decide on sth.意为“选定,选用”,表示从几个事物中选定一个。 评析本文叙述了上周日我组织的一次野餐活动,此话题属于学生的身边事。五个空分别考查了一个动词时态,一个名词,一个形容词比较级和两个副词。,四、(2015河北) 根据短文内容及所给提示,补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 Dear Aunt Grace and Uncle John, I am1(write) to tell you that I arrived home2(safe).I got very tired on the train and nearly fell a3and missed my station! Thank you so much for inviting me to the farm.You were very kind to me.I enjoyed every minute,especially going to the r4where we fished together. Mum and Dad send their best 5(wish). I will never forget my lovely holiday with you. Lots of love, Susan,答案 1.writing由am可知本空用现在进行时。write变现在分词时应去掉e再加上-ing。 2.safely此空应用副词修饰动词。safe变副词时直接加-ly。 3.asleepfall asleep 入睡,所以此空填asleep。 4.river(s)where we fished together为定语从句,由此可知此空应填能钓鱼的地方,根据首字母r可知此空填river(s)。 5.wisheswish作名词意为“祝福,祝愿”,为可数名词。所以此处填wishes。 长难句I enjoyed every minute, especially going to the river(s) where we fished together. 我享受每一分钟,特别是去我们一起钓鱼的河流。 where we fished together为定语从句,修饰先行词river(s)。 评析本文为一封信,主要内容是在叔叔家小住一段时间返回家中后报平安并表示感谢,此话题属于学生的身边事。五个空分别考查了一个非谓语动词,两个名词,一个形容词和一个副词。,五、(2014河北) 根据句意,用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。(每词或短语只限使用一次) winserveturn onfivepolite 1.Linda is the bigof the car race. 2.Art is myclass in the timetable today. 3.We should always speakto our parents. 4.Jimthe TV and watched the football game. 5.Mr.Zhang owns a teahouse.Ittea in special bowls.,答案 1.winner 句意:Linda是汽车比赛的大赢家。由the big和 of可判断出应用win的名词形式。 2.fifth句意:在今天的课程表中美术是我的第五节课。 3.politely句意:我们应该总是有礼貌地和父母说话。修饰动词speak应用副词。 4.turned on句意:Jim打开电视观看足球赛。由and watched可知应用一般过去时。 5.serves句意:张先生有一个茶馆,这个茶馆用一种特别的碗沏茶。由主语it可知应用动词serve的第三人称单数形式。,一、(2018山东潍坊) 阅读下面的短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。,B组 2014-2018年全国中考题组,I live in Pennsylvania. It is a1(north)state of America, which is the 33rd2(large)state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state. Several Indian tribes(部落)lived in Pennsylvania before3(Europe)came. The Dutch came first,4(follow)by Sweden. England started colonies(殖民地)later. After a few fights, they5(take)control of the land. Pennsylvania6(give)to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. Pennsyl-vania was the7(two)to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia8(be)an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too! Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. There is also Hershey, which is well9(know)as the chocolate company. There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things10(do)in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 state parks, and they all have free11(enter). Hunting is popular here, too. Are you thinking about12(visit)the state? 1.2.3.4.5. 7.8.9.10. 11.12.,答案 语篇解读本文介绍了宾夕法尼亚州的历史、地理、经济和文化。 1.northern修饰名词state应该用形容词,north的形容词形式为northern。 2.largest句意:它是美国第33大州。large为形容词,前面用the+序数词,此处应为最高级largest。 3.Europeans句意:在欧洲人来之前,几个印第安部落生活在宾夕法尼亚。Europeans为名词European(欧洲人)的复数形式。 4.followed句意:荷兰人先来,其次是瑞典。followed by.为固定搭配,意为“接着是,然后是”。 5.took句意:经过几次战斗,他们控制了这块土地。根据语境可知需用动词过去式。take的过去式为took。,6.was given句意:宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。 7.second/2nd前面有定冠词the,此处应为序数词。 8.has been根据“since the colony was founded”可知,此处应该用现在完成时态。主语是 The city of Philadelphia,故助动词用第三人称单数形式has。 9.known短语be well known as.意为“作为而著名”。 10.to do句意:在宾夕法尼亚有很多事情要做。此处用动词不定式表示目的。 11.entry/entrance句意:宾夕法尼亚有121个州立公园,而且它们都有免费的入口。此处应该填enter的名词形式entry或者entrance。 12.visiting介词about后面接v.-ing,故应填visiting。,二、(2018内蒙古包头) 阅读下面短文,根据首字母、音标以及语境的提示在空白处填入适当的单词(1个单词);或根据汉语意思的提示,在空白处填入适当的短语,使短文语意连贯,意思完整。 Kate and Dick were classmates. They1(相处) well with each other and later fell in love. After getting m2, they found it difficult to3(谋生). Finally, they decided4run a small restaurant near the railway station. The restaurant often stayedo5 until after midnight, because people came to drink there while they were6(等待)trains.,At two oclock one morning,7 man was still sitting at a table in the restaurant. He was8 slip. Kate wanted to go to bed. She looked at the table several times, and each time the man was still there. Then,9(最终) she went to herh10and said to him, “Youve talked to that man three times, and he isnt drinking any more.11 havent you sent him away? After12, its so late.” “Oh, no, I dont want to send him away,”a13 Dick with a smile.“You see, whenever I14(叫醒) the man, he asks for the bill, and when I bring it to him, hep15it. Then he goes back to sleep again.”,答案 语篇解读本文为记叙文,讲述了一对夫妇开小饭馆遇到的一件趣事。 1.got on/alongget on/along意为“相处”,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。 2.married前边提到恋爱,后面提到谋生,可以推断出他们俩结婚了,故填married。 3.make a living/earn their living设空处前的to是不定式符号,故此处动词用原形。 4.todecide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。 5.open后面提到人们来喝酒,由此可知饭馆营业到午夜后,stayed后加形容词,故填open。 6.waiting for此处表示正在进行的动作,空前有were,故填waiting for。 7.a/one根据设空处所在句后一句中的He可知,此处指一个人,表示泛指,故填a或one。 8.asleep根据音标及语境可知填asleep,意为“睡着”。 9.at last/in the endat last/in the end意为“最终”,在句中作状语。 10.husband根据语境及下一段中的Dick可知,凯特在和她丈夫说话,故填husband。 11.Why句意:你为什么没有把他打发走呢? 根据句意可知,此处表示“为什么”,设空处位于句首,注意单词第一个字母大写,故填Why。,12.all句意:毕竟很晚了。after all意为“毕竟”。 13.answered前面是凯特在问丈夫,此处表示回答,且动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时,填an-swered。 14.wake up根据asks可知用一般现在时。 15.pays由bring可知用一般现在时,主语为he,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填pays。,三、(2018福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Lonnie Johnson always loved taking things apart(分开).He1/smtamz/put them back together. Other times he made new things from different2(part). He learned how to use tools from his dad. At 13, Lonnie put an old engine(发动机)on a homemade go-cart. He loved driving it around. He dreamed of being3inventor. By high school, Lonnie built a remote-control robot from some waste things. This won him first prize at the Alabama State Science Fair. His friends called4,“The Little Scientist”.In college, Lonnie was an excellent student. After that, he5(become)an Air Force officer, rocket scientist and business leader.6he never stopped inventing. You may have played with his most famous inventionthe Super Soaker, a kind of water gun. Lonnie got the idea for this7/t/while working on another invention. When he tested a homemade part in his bathroom, it shot water8/krs/the room. Today, Dr. Lonnie Johnson has more than 1009(use)inventions. However, he still keeps10(try)new things. 1.2.3.4.5. 6.7.8.9.10.,答案 语篇解读主人公Lonnie喜欢拆卸物品,有时把它们组装起来,有时从不同的元件里组装出新的东西。渐渐地,他成为一个发明家,发明了许多东西。现在他拥有100多样发明,但他仍然坚持尝试新的事物。 1.sometimes本题考查音标。由音标可知本空填sometimes。 2.parts本题考查名词复数。part表示“零部件”时是可数名词,根据语义可知用复数形式parts。 3.an本题考查不定冠词的使用。由句意可知,他梦想成为一名发明家,所以填写不定冠词。由于inventor是以元音音素开头的单词,所以填an。 4.him本题考查代词。由句意可知,他的朋友们称他为“小发明家”,所以要填宾格代词him作宾语。 5.became本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,此处表示过去的动作,应用一般过去时,所以填became。,6.But本题考查连词的使用。由语境可知,上下文是转折的关系,所以填But。 7.toy本题考查音标。由音标可知应填toy。 8.across本题考查音标。由音标可知应填across。 9.useful本题考查形容词的用法。形容词用来修饰名词,此处应用形容词useful修饰inven-tions。 10.trying本题考查非谓语动词。keep后面应使用动名词形式,所以填trying。,四、(2018广东) 请用适当的词完成下面的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 Will Johnson has worked his way up the list of most popular stars in his country. In fact, it is not surprising that Will is so successful if we know about his early life. Some valuable lessons he learnt as a child have strongly influenced him 1 his later life. One of them was from his father 2 was strict with him and his brother. Once, Will and his brother Harry 3 given a job to rebuild a broken brick(砖)wall in the yard. The wall was fifty feet 4 and around sixteen feet high. The boys had to mix concrete(水泥) and place only one brick at a time. They didnt know why their father gave them 5 a huge job.,6, with the attitude(态度)of“one brick more”, both Will and Harry rebuilt the wall in 7 period of six months. Each time they were about to give up, their father 8 them up patient-ly. Both brothers were so sad about the job at 9, but after completing the task, they felt a sense of pride, and so did their father. Even today when Will thinks that he wont be able to do some-thing, he will look back to this experience and keep telling 10,“one brick at a time”.,答案 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个非常受欢迎的明星Will Johnson小时候的一段经历:爸爸让他和哥哥砌墙,从而让他认识到坚持的重要性。 1.in句意:小时候他吸取的一些宝贵的教训对他以后的生活有很大的影响。 in ones life 在某人的生活中,固定搭配。 2.who/that句意:其中一个(教训)来自对他和他哥哥要求严格的爸爸。根据句子结构可知此处考查定语从句的关系代词。此处要用关系代词who/that指代表示人的先行词his father,在从句中作主语。 3.were句意:有一次,Will和他哥哥Harry被给予了一份工作,要重建院子里的一堵破砖墙。根据句意可知Will和Harry两人与give 存在被动关系,并根据时间状语once可知此处要用一般过去时,故答案为were。 4.long/wide句意:这堵墙有五十英尺长/宽,大概十六英尺高。根据下文的high“高度”,并结合句意可知此处表示这堵墙的长度/宽度。 5.such句意:他们不知道为什么他们的爸爸会给他们这么艰巨的一份工作。根据句意可知 此处要用“such a/an +形容词+单数可数名词”结构强调爸爸给了他们如此艰巨的一份工作。,6.However句意:然而,抱着“再加一块砖”的态度,Will和Harry两人在六个月的时间内重修了这堵墙。由语境可知此处表转折关系,根据设空后的逗号可知此处要用副词,因此排除连词but,故答案为However。 7.aa period of.一段的时间,表示“期间”。 8.cheered/backed句意:每次当他们要放弃时,他们的爸爸都会耐心地鼓励/支持他们。cheer sb. up使某人振奋,固定短语;back sb. up支持某人,固定短语。 9.first两兄弟最初对这份工作都感到很难过,但完成了任务以后,他们和爸爸都感到自豪。at first最初,首先,固定短语。 10.himself句意:甚至到了今天当Will认为他不能做某事时,他会回顾这次经历并不断告诉自己“一次加一块砖”。根据句意可知此处要用反身代词himself指代他自己。,五、(2018浙江杭州) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention. First came the invention of writing, 1(probable)about 5,500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 2(see) and share their knowledge with future generations. Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature(文学)and science, but their “books” looked very different 3the books of today. They were called scrolls(卷轴). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 4(invent). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in 5 thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very 6(use)Chinese invention:pa-per.,But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books 7 were produced on a printing press. These days it is difficult 8(imagine)a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more 9(story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen. Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, 10will books, like scrolls, soon disappear?,答案 语篇解读本文讲述了文字及书的发明为交流提供了极大的便利,随着科技的进步书本会继续存在还是消失呢? 1.probably句意:首先是字的发明,可能大约在5,500年以前出现了。probably可能。 2.saw句意:他们可以和他们从来都看不到的人交流并且和后代分享他们的知识。 3.from/to/than句意:后来,希腊人因文学和科学而出名,但他们的“书”看起来和今天的书非常不同。be different from/to/than与不同。 4.were invented句意:大约2,000年前,有许多页的书被发明出来。 5.the句意:当欧洲人得知了一种非常有用的中国发明纸,那种情况在十三世纪改变了。the thirteenth century十三世纪。 6.useful句意同上。useful有用的。 7.that/which句意:更多的人可以支付得起用印刷机生产出来的书。此处设空处引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。 8.to imagine句意:现如今很难想象没有书的世界(是怎样的)。imagine想象。 9.storiesstory为可数名词,前有more修饰,故用复数形式。 10.or句意:未来会有人翻着看传统的书,还是像卷轴那样的书会很快消失呢?,六、(2018河南) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 soonlyaskfriendthreehertalk startbecauselaterlikeinterest,Once, there was a little girl named Meredith. Meredith enjoyed spending 1 free time with her friends, but there was something different about Meredith. She was always interested in things2chemistry and history. Meredith never wanted to 3about these interests because she was afraid she would be judged(评头论足). She always learned more about these topics when she was,by herself,4 no one could find out about this. One day, a new girl, Josie, joined her sixth-grade class, and the new girl was5 to say three things about herself. Josie stood up and 6 to talk about her interests. First, she said she was 7in reading and writing stories. Second, she said she liked history. 8,she said she enjoyed chemistry. Merediths eyes lit up with joy. Fi-nally, she had found someone who had common interests as her.9 that day, Meredith found Josie in the playground and ran over to talk to her. They immediately(立即) became 10and started to play at each others houses on the weekend.,答案 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们讲述了一位叫做Meredith的小姑娘,由于自己的爱好是化学和历史,所以担心被大家评头论足。没想到在一次偶然的情况下,Meredith居然结交到了和她有着共同兴趣爱好的Josie,两人迅速成为了好朋友。 1.her题线后是 free time,中心词是名词,名词前用形容词或者形容词性物主代词修饰。所给词中无词义合适的形容词但有形容词性物主代词her,所以该空填her。句意: Meredith喜欢和朋友们一起度过她的空闲时间。 2.like空前内容意为“她总是对一些事情感兴趣”,空后内容意为“化学和历史”,说明在进一步展开对哪些事物感兴趣,所以该空填like,意为“像,例如”。句意:她总是对像化学和历史这样的事物感兴趣。 3.talk空前有不定式符号to,因此该空应填动词原形,又因为该空后有about,与它搭配并符合句意的动词是talk。句意:Meredith从不想谈论这些兴趣因为她害怕被评头论足。 4.so该空前后是两个并列分句,因此该空应填连词,第二个分句表示结果,因此用so连接。句意:因为她总是在独自一人时才学习关于这些主题的更多内容,所以没有人会发现这件事。,5.asked句意:一天,一个新来的女孩 Josie加入了(Meredith所在的)六年级的班级,她被要求说出三件关于她自己的事情。该空前为be动词,该空后的“to say”是to do形式,所以该空应填动词。根据句意本空填asked,用被动语态, be asked to do sth.被要求做某事。 6.started句意:Josie站起来开始谈论她的爱好。该空后为不定式结构,所以该空应填动词;根据句意可知此处填start,又因空前的and连接两个并列谓语,前后时态保持一致,因此填started。 7.interested句意:首先,她说她对读写故事感兴趣。根据固定搭配以及句意可知该空填 inter-ested。 be interested in.对感兴趣。 8.Third根据前两句中的“First”和“Second”可知本空填Third。句意:第三,她说她喜欢化学。 9.Later句意:那天晚些时候, Meredith发现 Josie在操场上就跑过去和她聊天。该空后为“that day”,由此可知表示时间,根据句意应填Later。 10.friends句意:她们立即成为了朋友,并开始周末时在彼此家里玩。该空前 became意为“变成,成为”,是系动词,后加名词或形容词。根据句意可知填名词复数friends。 长难句Finally,she had found someone who had common interests as her.最后,她找到了一个和她有着共同爱好的人。 本句是主从复合句。定语从句who had common interests as her修饰先行词someone。 重点词汇immediately adv.立即;light up with joy笑逐颜开 词汇积累 judge v.(尤指以不公正或批评的方式)(对)作出评价,七、(2018湖南衡阳) 根据所给汉语或英语首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。 China is a great country with about 5,000 years of history. There are many places of interest (1)w attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year. Many mountains, such as Mount Tai, Mount Emei, Mount Hua are very famous. People go to Mount Tai to see the sunrise. (2)(在之中)the rivers, the Yangtze Piver is the longest one and the second longest one is the Yellow River. They are the birthplaces of Chinese (3)c. Have you ever heard of the love story about Xu Xian and White Snake? Its said that the story happened on the West Lake. The West Lake (4)(位于)in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Its surrounded on three sides by omuntains. Many tourist attactions there are well worth visiting, such,as Sudi Causeway, the Broken Bridge and Leifeng Pagoda. The scenery is so attractive that (5)v often lose themselves in ti.,答案 语篇解读本文为说明文介绍了中国的名胜古迹。 1.which句意:这些名胜古迹每年吸引全世界数以百万计的游客。该处为定语从句的关系词,指物在从句中作主语,故用which作关系代词。 2.among among意为(三个或者是三个以上的)中间。根据句意可知应用among。 3.culture 句意:它是中国文化的出生地。 4.lieslie in意为“位于”,此处主语为单数,故动词lie用单数第三人称。 5.visitors句意:这些风景太迷人,以至于游客们常常沉浸于其中。根据句意可知游客应使用复数形式。 重点词汇sunrise n.日出;province n.省份;hear of 听说;lose oneself in 沉浸于 词汇积累birthplace n.出生地;surround v.围绕,包围,八、(2018湖北黄冈) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(提示:每空不超过三个单词) Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things1are important in life, such as love, beauty and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty. According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out2(ask)for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebra-tions. They3(make) of bamboo and covered with paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see. They are seen as bright symbols of4(happy) and good wishes.,Paper cutting5(be)around for over 1500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy6it can be difficult to do. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls7symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year. Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are8(careful)shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After9(dry), they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished and painted. It takes several weeks10(complete) everything. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.,答案 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国的三种传统艺术:天灯(许愿灯/孔明灯)、剪纸和黏土艺术。文章通过介绍三种工艺的起源和制作方法,使我们了解了博大精深和源远流长的中国文化。 1.that/which句意:这些(独特的传统艺术形式)通常试图展示生活中重要的东西,比如爱、美和家人。本空引导定语从句,先行词为things,关系词在从句中作主语,故填that/which。 2.to ask句意:当陷入困境时,他放天灯来寻求帮助。此处作目的状语,故填to ask。 3.are made句意:它们由竹子制成并用纸覆盖。本句主语They指代上文提到的sky lanterns,由此可判断本空应用被动语态,固定短语be made of意为“由制成”,故本空填are made。 4.happiness句意:它们被看作是幸福和美好愿望的鲜明的象征。of为介词,后面应加名词,构成介宾短语,故填happiness。 5.has been由本句的时间状语for over 1500 years可知,本空用现在完成时。本句主语为Paper cutting,故填has been。 6.but句意:剪纸听起来很容易但是做起来会很难。由句意可知本空填but。,7.as句意:在春节期间,剪纸作为对好运和一个快乐新年的愿望的象征被张贴到窗户上、门上和墙上。根据句意可知本空填as,意为“作为”。 8.carefully本句中are shap
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