Book5 Unit1 Great scientists基础检测

Book5 Unit1 Great scientistsTest yourself一.单词自测1. n. 特性；特性_2. n. 画家；油漆匠_3. 提出_4. adj. 科学旳_5. vt. & vi. 结束；推断出_6. n. 结论；结束_7. 提出结论_8. vt. 分析_9. vt. 传染；感染_10. adj. 传染旳_11. vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败_12. adj. 纯熟旳；经验或知识丰富旳专家；行家_13. vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参与_14. n. 医生；内科医师_15. vt. 暴露；揭发；使曝光_16. 使显露；暴露_17. adj. 致命旳_18. n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗_19. n. 爆发；发作（尤指疾病或战争_） 20. n. 挑战 vt. 向挑战_21. n. 受害者_22. vt. 吸取；吸引；使专心_23. vt. 怀疑 n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯_24. n. 问询_25. n. 附近；邻近_26. adj. 严重旳；剧烈旳；严厉旳_27. adj. 线索；提醒_28. n. 泵；抽水机 vt. （用泵）抽（水）_29. vt. 预见；预知_30. vt. & vi. 调查_31. n. 调查_32. vt. 责怪；训斥过错；责怪_33. vt. 污染；弄脏_34. n. 柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵_35. n. 微生物；细菌_36. vt. & n. 连接；联络_37. 将和联络或连接起来_ 38. vt. 宣布；告知_39. n. 确信；确实_40. vt. 命令；指示；教导_41. adj. 有责任旳；负责旳_42. vt. 建设；修建_43. n. 建设；建筑物_44. vt. & vi. 捐献；奉献；捐助_45. 除之外；此外_46. n. 烟火（燃放）_47. n. 图表_48. adj. 有发明力旳；发明性旳；独创旳_ 49. adj. 合作旳_50. adj. 积极旳；肯定旳；确实旳_51. 对严格旳_52. adj. 革命旳；重大变革旳_ 53. n. 移动；运动；动作_54. 讲得通；故意义_55. adv. & adj. 向后地（旳）；相反地（旳）；退步地（旳）_56. adv. 私下地；秘密地_57. n. 明亮；亮度；聪颖_58. adj. 热情旳；热心旳_59. adj. 小心旳；谨慎旳_60. vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃_61. n. 宇宙；世界_二.根据课文填空：1.John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so _, indeed, that he _ Queen Victoria _ _ _ _. But he _ _when he thought about helping ordinary people _ _ cholera. This was the _ _ of its day. _ its cause _ its cure was understood. So many thousands of _ people died _ _ there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to_ _ _ and _ _ _. He knew that cholera would never be _ until its cause was found.2.The second suggested that people _ this disease _their bodies with their meals.3.From the stomach the disease quickly _（袭击） the body and soon the _ （受感染旳）person died.4. John Snow _（认为、怀疑） that the second_（理论） was correct but he needed _（证据）.5. He had not _ this, so he _ _ _（做深入旳调查）.6. _（似乎水是罪魁祸首）.7. Next, John Snow _ _（调查） _ _ _ _ _（水源）for these two streets. He found that it came from the river _ _ _ _ _（被脏水污染旳）from London.8. A woman, who had _ _ _（搬离）Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she _ _ _（叫人把水送到）to her house every day.9. In another part of London, he found _ _（有利旳证据） from two other deaths that _ _ _（与.有关） the Broad Street outbreak.10. With this _(额外旳 )evidence John Snow was able to announce _ _(肯定旳) that polluted water _ _ _ (携带病毒).11. To _ this _ happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies_ _. The water companies _ _ _ _ _ people _ polluted water _ _. Finally King Cholera was _.12. Although he had tried to _（忽视） them, all his mathematical calculations _ _ _ _（导致相似旳结论）: that the earth was not the centre of the _ _（太阳系）.13.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星旳运动才能说旳清晰。_14. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the _（强大旳）Christian Church _ _ _（会惩罚） him for even suggesting such an idea.15. The Christian Church _（拒绝） his theory, saying it was against Gods idea and people who supported it would be attacked. 16.然而哥白尼旳理论却是我们宇宙观赖以建立旳基础。_三单词拼写1. Something is wrong with the e_ of the car. It cant start.2. Marie Curie was the discoverer of r_.3. According to the t_ of relativity (相对论), nothing can travel faster than light.4. After all his mathematical calculations, Copernicus drew a c_ that the earth was not the center of the solar system.5. I_ shed gone, I remembered her name.6. In the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese _ (打败) the Japanese invaders.7. Shall he _ (参与) the meeting to be held tomorrow?8. Work on the new railway will be _ (完毕) at the end of next year.9. Our new offices are still under _ (建设).10. They have found some evidences that are _ (联络) to this murder.11. The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the s farming.12. The doctor had my eyes e for weakening.13. They were d in their attempt(企图)to reach the top of the mountain.14. The little brave girl e the crime(罪行)of the criminal(罪犯).15. You should not r the invitation from your old friend.16. What is your v on Chinese education?17. The police are watching the mans m secretly.18. We must try to (分析)the causes of the strike.19. Kindness is one of the prime ministers (特性).20. The famous Korean play actor got an (热情旳) reception in Hong Kong.四句型转换 11. A: From the facts John Snow concluded that polluted water carried the disease. B: From the facts John Snow _ _ _ that polluted water carried the disease.12. A: He determined to find out why. B: He _ his _ to find out why.13. A: We will begin the work immediately. B: We will begin the work _ _.14. A: How will you deal with these letters?B: What will you _ _these letters?15. A: The movements of the other planets in the sky made sense only if you put the sun there. B: Only if you put the sun there _the movements of the other planets in the sky _ sense.五 完毕句子16. He suggested that the machine _ _ (检查) carefully before we used it.17. She _ _ _ (全神贯注于) reading, so she didnt notice what was happening.18. We _ _ (下决心) that this should never be allowed to happen again.19. _ _ _ (除之外) Wang Hai, who will go there?20. The teacher is popular with the students because he _ _ _ _ (对他们规定严格).21. 除了这些理由，他无话可说。 these reasons, he said nothing.22. 我们旳英语老师对我们规定很严格。Our English teacher us.23. 让我们一起去听北京大学李专家旳演讲吧。Lets the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.24. 他粗心大意旳驾驶导致了这起严重旳交通事故。His careless driving the serious traffic accident.25. 他捐赠食物和衣服给红十字会。He food and clothing the Red Cross.六. 单项填空 从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处旳最佳选项。1. The doctor has a new idea on the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions.A. come about B. put forwardC. spoken up D. regarded as2. The students are busy making preparations for the lecture because they will the competition.A. attend B. joinC. take part in D. attend to3. I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child.A. is to blame B. is going to blameC. is to be blamed D. should blame4. he came in, I recognized him.A. The moment B. ShortlyC. Soon D. Before long5. The warm sunshine the coming of spring.A. declares B. announcesC. predicts D. publishes6. You should read the in the car repair manual（手册） carefully before you start to drive it.A. instruction B. instructionsC. introductions D. explanations7.Can you work out the problem?I cant your explain how to do it.A. but for B. except forC. apart from D. unless8. It is sleeping late in the morning that being late for work.A. devotes to B. sticks toC. refers to D. leads to9. No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didnt to me.A. understand B. make outC. turn out D. make sense10. Your father likes to play golf, hes really enthusiastic it.A. by B. about C. with D. on11.Our team was ahead during the first half, but we _ in the last ten minutes. A. were won B. were lost C. were beaten D. won12. Usually children are allowed to _ when they are six years old.A. attend school B. attend the schoolC. join school D. join the school13. Professor Hawking stepped into the office I knew that there was no hope.A. Unless B. Now that C. Although D. The moment14. His failure in the experiment suggested that he _ his teachers proper instructions.A. should not have followed B. should not followC. mustnt have followed D. hadnt followed 15. I suggested that he _ telephone the manager before he decided. A. telephoned B. would telephoneC. telephone D. had to telephone 16. Im terribly sorry that I failed to win the game. You are not _ for all you could do. A. to blame B. pleased C. right D. satisfied17. Yang Liwei was surrounded by the audience _ he stepped off the stage. A. until B. through C. now that D. immediately18. Gathering clouds the coming stormA. declared B. turned out C. connected D. announced19. Seeing their son playing computer games all day, the parents dont know _ it.A. how to do B. what to doC. how to deal with D. how to do with 20. So hard _ in the past few months that he has made great progress in English. I can see that; only a few mistakes _ in the exam. A. has he worked; did he make B. he has worked; did he made C. he has worked; he made D. has he worked; he made21. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any _.A. value B. sense C. fun D. use22. Only by shouting at the top of his voice . A. he was able to make himself hearB. he was able to make himself heardC. was he able to make himself hearD. was he able to make himself heard23. Only after the second tower of the World Trade Centre did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind. A. had hit B. did fall C. was hit D. was fallen24. Last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, _ the neighbors and the house _ I used to be familiar with were gone.A. only finding; which B. only to find; thatC. only to find; whom D. found; that25. Its quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth _ and his eyes _. A. closing; open B. closed; opened C. closing; opening D. closed; open七.完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给旳四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Every summer, a great many students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the 1 are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and 2 . The pay is usually poor, but most people work abroad for the 3 of travel. You can pick grapes in France, entertain kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are 4 jobs in hotels and restaurants. But it is not easy now to find work,“ 5 you speak the language of the country well, there will be very few openings,”says Anthea Ellis, an adviser on 6 for students.“If you work with a family in Italy, youll have to speak Italian. When you wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will expect you to speak 7 . British students only have a language 8 for jobs in the USA and Australia.”9 enjoys the experience. Sarah James was employed to help forty American children in Europe. The two teachers with the children had never been 10 . One child lost his passport; another became seriously ill and was 11 home; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the 12 they made, and Sarah herself was robbed on her only 13 evening of the entire trip.“I did visit a lot of new places,”she says,“but it wasnt worth it. The pay was 14 and it really was a 24-hour-a-day job. The kids never slept!”“The trouble is, students expect to have a(n) 15 time of it,”Anthea Ellis points out. “ 16 , they see it as a holiday. In practice, 17 , you have to work hard. At the same time, all vacation work is casual(临时) work. Youll have a job when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy. 18 , youll work if its convenient for the company that employs you. But you have 19 employment rights. As soon as the holiday season 20 , theyll get rid of you.”1. A. work B. luck C. chances D. services2. A. agriculture B. industryC. hotels D. restaurants3. A. pains B. Comfort C. difficulty D. excitement4. A. always B. hardly C. never D. seldom5. A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Although6. A. health care B. vacation workC. language studies D. tourist safety7. A. Italian B. English C. French D. Spanish8. A. chance B. ability C. possibility D. advantage9. A. No one B. NoneC. Not everyone D. Everybody10. A. abroad B. employedC. alone D. respected11. A. driven B. ridden C. left D. flown12. A. friends B. decision C. noise D. damage13. A. busy B. free C. tiring D. pleasant14. A. nice B. reasonable C. fair D. poor15. A. hard B. easy C. demanding D. adventurous16. A. After all B. Worse stillC. However D. Therefore17. A. besides B. altogetherC. though D. until18. A. In a word B. In other words C. And whats more D. More or less19. A. few B. little C. many D. much20. A. starts B. lasts C. goes D. finishes八、阅读理解 (每题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给旳四个选项（A、B、C或D）中，选出最佳选项AAlbert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. Whats more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1939, Einstein, who loved peaceafraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb（原子弹）tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.Although he wasnt connected with any accepted religion（宗教）, Einstein felt that trust in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, “God may know everything, but he is not hateful.”1. From the passage we know that . A. no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century B. Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time C. Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States of America D. Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons2. If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would . A. have continued his scientific research B. have won another Nobel Prize for physics C. not have advised starting uranium research in the U. S. A. D. not have moved to the U. S. A.3. Einstein in 1933. A. visited England and the U. S. A. B. lost everything C. became a man without a country D. both A and C4. Einstein believed that everything in the universe . A. was kept in order by its own law B. had nothing to do with each other C. happened in an irregular way D. was made by the personal GodB“Thats funny! These fellows in the middle of the plate have died.” Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London. He had been studying some germs（细菌）that he was growing on a plate. They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people. Dr Fleming found that a mould（霉菌）had floated in through the window landing on the plate. It had killed some of the germs it had touched.“This certainly looks promising.” Fleming said. “We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”He named the strange mould “penicillin”. It proved to be a killer of many germs. Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected（注射）with penicillin. The twenty-five untreated mice died, but twenty-four of those lived that had been treated with penicillin. Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out. Hardly anybody took any notice of it.In 1938 Dr Howard Florey, an Australian working in London, read Dr Flemings report and was very interested. He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.When World War II broke out, it was not possible to make enough penicillin in England. Dr Florey went to America where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made. It saved the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.5. Dr Alexander Fleming . A. had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people B. had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses C. had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate D. had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better6. Some of the germs on the plate . A. had been killed by a mould floating in through the window B. had been killing one another, which was a surprise to Fleming C. had been killed by a mould that had been grown by Dr Alexander Fleming D. had been killed by a mould found by another doctor7. The reason why the twenty-five mice died was that . A. they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin B. they were almost dead ahead of the experiment C. they were easy to die in the experiment D. they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin8. In 1938, an Australian working in London named