短暂性动词与延续性动词详解

短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时arrive at(in)get to/reach come/go/move to.be in /athave been in /atcome back/go back/ returnbe backhave been backcome out/go outbe outhave been outbecomebehave beenclosebe closedhave been closedopen(v)be open(adj.)have been openget upbe uphave been updiebe deadhave been deadleavebe away fromhave been away fromfall asleep/get to sleepbe asleephave been asleepfinish/endbe overhave been overmarry/get marriedbe marriedhave been marriedbegin/startbe onhave been onborrowkeephave keptbuyhavehave hadput onwearcatch/get a coldhave a coldhave had a coldget to knowknowhave knownhave/has gone tohave/has been injoin the league/the Party/the armybe a member/members of; be inhave been a member/members of;have been in语法讲解：1现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以 和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“how long”提问 的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。例：He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago.When did the train arrive here? B. How longthe trainhere?2在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间 的状语连用。但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例：Lucy has come back.The old man died 4 years ago. = The old man has been dead for 4 years.He has been away from Beijing for two years.=He left Beijing two years ago.=It is two years since he left Beijing.=Two years has passed since he left Beijing.3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for, since引导 的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如：She hasnt bought any new clothes since last year.I havent borrowed the book for a long time.巩固习题：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the busfor 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. Ithe League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factorysince the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rosefriends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5. The meeting for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over6. Miss Gaothis school for nearly 5 years.A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught7. Bena teacher for 4 years .A. has been B. has become C. was D. became8. Ihome for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned9. How longhe?A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead10. How long can Ithe book? Two weeks.A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep11. Hethe car for a week.A. bought B. has bought C. has had12. How longyouill ?Two weeks.A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been13.Since 2000, hehis hometown.A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from14.Ill lend you the book , but you can onlyit for 2 days.A. borrow B. keep C. take15. The buson the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been16. Tom is ill in hospital. Hea cold for several days.A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had17. Hefor 2 hours.A. got up B. has got up C. has been up