初中英语语法系列简单并列句学习教案

会计学1初中英语语法系列初中英语语法系列(xli)简单并列句简单并列句第一页，共37页。句型(j xn)第三讲：简单句并列句第1页/共37页第二页，共37页。第2页/共37页第三页，共37页。简 单 句由一个主语(zhy)(或并列主语(zhy)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子。其结构是：主语(zhy)+ 谓语第3页/共37页第四页，共37页。第4页/共37页第五页，共37页。第5页/共37页第六页，共37页。1.主语、谓语在人称(rnchng)与数上的一致性。 and连接两个并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式。Girls and boys are going to Beijingtomorrow.第6页/共37页第七页，共37页。但以下几种情况例外：(1). 如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词。若两个词表示(biosh)一个事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；Tea and milk is my favorite drink. 奶茶是我最爱的饮料。This bread and butter is too thick.这块涂了黄油的面包太厚了。 fish and chips 鱼炸薯条如果两个词表示(biosh)的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动词则要用复数。第7页/共37页第八页，共37页。(2)如果and连接的是两个(lin )可数单数名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味着一个人或事物，谓语动词要用单数。 The singer and dancer is a good student. 这位歌舞演员是位好学生。 第8页/共37页第九页，共37页。(3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each，every，many a，no等单数概念(ginin)的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略)，谓语动词要用单数。Many a boy and many a girl has read that novel. 第9页/共37页第十页，共37页。2.陈述句与疑问句的转换(zhunhun)。3.选择疑问句。4.反意疑问句。(1)陈述句+省略问句(2)祈使句+附加疑问句(3)反意疑问句的回答 第10页/共37页第十一页，共37页。并 列 句由并列连词(linc)把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句 (即简单句) 连在一起而构成的句子。其结构是：简单句+并列连词(linc)+简单句常用的连词(linc)有：and, but, or，not only.but also, neither.nor, either.or第11页/共37页第十二页，共37页。(二)并列句的考点(1) 并列连词的选用。(2) 并列连词与从属(cngsh)连词的区别。 第12页/共37页第十三页，共37页。 并列连词: 连接两个或两个以上地位平等的词,词组,分句或句子的连词。 从属连词: 连接两个或两个以上的分句(从属关系)，用来引导(yndo)复杂句中的从属分句(名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句)的连词。 第13页/共37页第十四页，共37页。并 列 连 词并列连词连接地位平等的词，短语或者句子。常见的并列连词有：(1)表并列关系的： and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等。(2)表选择(xunz)关系的： or, eitheror等。(3)表转折关系的：but, while等。(4)表因果关系的： for, so等。第14页/共37页第十五页，共37页。就近一致原则在并列连词 either A or B(或者A或者B) ， A or B (A或者B) ，neither A nor B (既不是A也不是B), not only A but also B (不仅A而且B) ，not A but B (不是A而是B) , 引导(yndo)两个并列主语A和B：For example(例如)：Neither I nor he has finished the homework. 谓语动词与靠近的名词、代词（B）在“人称、数”上一致。另外there be句型，谓语动词be也遵循就近一致原则。第15页/共37页第十六页，共37页。一、 并列连词1. Mary likes music _Tom is found of sports. A. and B. but C. both A and B2. I failed again, _ I wont give up. A. and B. but C. so3. This is my first lesson, _ I dont know your names. A. and B. but C. soand : 表对等 “和、并且” but: 表转折 “但是”so: 表因果(yngu) “所以”and, or, but, so 基本(jbn)用法第16页/共37页第十七页，共37页。4. Which do you like better, apples, _ pears? A. and B. but C. or5. Now we have no time _ money. A. so B. and C. oror: 1. 用于疑问句, 表选择(xunz)：“或” 2. 用于否定句, 表并列：“和”第17页/共37页第十八页，共37页。一、 并列连词6. Try your best _ youll make more progress. A. and B. but C. or7. Dont lose heart, _ youll lose all. A. and B. so C. orand 和 or 都可以在祈使句中使用，区别如下(rxi)：and： 通常是比较好的结果;or： 则表示不愉快或不理想的结果. and, or, but, so 基本(jbn)用法第18页/共37页第十九页，共37页。一、并列连词8. Its getting warmer _ warmer. A. and B. but C. or9. He or the twins _ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from10. Not Tom but I _ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. areadj.比 + and + adj.比 表示(biosh)越来越A or B 和 not A but B 结构(jigu)作主语时，谓语动词要使用就近原则。and, or, but, so 特殊(tsh)用法第19页/共37页第二十页，共37页。一、并列连词12. Both Peter and I _ going to Guangzhou. A. are B. is C. am13. Either apples or rice _ Ok. I am hungry. A. are B. is C. /14. Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth. A. wants B. want C. is going to15. Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win. A. is B. are C. ambothandeitherorneithernornot onlybut also以上结构做主语，除bothand 谓语要用复数(fsh)外，其余都遵循谓语动词的就近一致原则。第20页/共37页第二十一页，共37页。从属连词从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语(zhungy)从句的:after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引导条件状语(zhungy)从句的: if（如果）, unless, as long as 等。(3)引导原因状语(zhungy)从句的: because, as, since等。(4)引导目的状语(zhungy)从句的: so that, in order that等。(5)引导让步状语(zhungy)从句的: though, although, even if等。(6)引导结果状语(zhungy)从句的: so that, sothat, suchthat等。(7)引导比较状语(zhungy)从句的: than, asas等。(8)引导宾语从句的: that, if （是否）, whether等。第21页/共37页第二十二页，共37页。主将从现原则（在时间状语从句&条件状语从句中，如主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替(dit)一般将来时。）(1)引导时间状语从句的:after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as（一就）等。(2)引导条件状语从句的: if (如果), unless (除非), as long as(只要) 等。第22页/共37页第二十三页，共37页。不可同现原则Although（虽然） 和 but（但是(dnsh)） 不能同时出现同一简单句中。Because （因为）和 so（所以） 不能同时出现同一简单句中。可以用although/ though.yet 句型第23页/共37页第二十四页，共37页。宾语从句的时态与语序1. 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。（应根据实际情况而定）。主句的谓语动词的时态是一般过去(guq)时的时候，其宾语从句的时态一般要用任一适当的过去(guq)时态（一般过去(guq)时，过去(guq)进行时，过去(guq)完成时，过去(guq)将来时）。 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。（主语+谓语）If 引导(yndo)宾语从句时，时态也要看这两点第24页/共37页第二十五页，共37页。1. Ill tell your father the truth as soon as he _ here. A. arrives B. arrived C. arrives at2. We dont know if he _ us for the picnic. Ill call you if he _. A. joins; comes B. will join; comes C. will join; will come3. Nobody knows when the windows _. But Ill tell you when I _ the answer. A. broke; find out B. broken; will find out C. were broken; find out二、从属(cngsh)连词从属连词(linc)用来引导从句 第25页/共37页第二十六页，共37页。4. You wont understand until you _ him. A. meet B. meeting C. will meet5. You will fail in English _ you work hard. A. because B. unless C. if6. Just because we are young, _ we should work even harder. A. so B. / C. but7. It has been seven years since he _ here. A. left B. leaves C. leave见代词PPTit的特殊用法，6. 自从以来(yli)，已经有（时间）了。 It is / has been + 时段 + since + 从句(过去时)第26页/共37页第二十七页，共37页。8. The little boy _ when I came in. A. falls down B. fell down C. was fell down9. We were reading when the teacher _ in. A. came B. comes C. is coming 10. He became a doctor when he _the university. A. graduated from B. graduate from C. graduated for 1. 两个(lin )动作同时发生 2. A动作在B动作延续(ynx)的时间内发生 3. A动作在B动作之后(zhhu)发生 第27页/共37页第二十八页，共37页。11. Tom works in a hospital _ Mary works in a company. A. because B. until C. while12. While his mother was washing, he _ his homework. A. do B. did C. was doing 13. The little boy fell asleep while he _ the music. A. was listen B. was listening to C. listened to 1. 表示对比(dub)，“然而，而” 2. 表示“当的时候”。 两个动词同时发生。必须(bx)使用延续性动词。 第28页/共37页第二十九页，共37页。14. Although I have passed the exam, _ I am not pleased with the result. A. and B. but C. /although 和 but 不能同时(tngsh)出现。because 和 so 不能同时(tngsh)出现。第29页/共37页第三十页，共37页。【例1】 Neither he nor I_from Canada. We are from Australia.2002，山西(shn x) A.is B.are C.am D.be 典型(dinxng)例题解析C 【例2】 There is a lot of_in the box. 2002，吉林 A.cake B.bags of cakes C.milk D.bags of milk C第30页/共37页第三十一页，共37页。1.We cant live_water. A.with B.has C.havent D.without2.We must hurry，_we will be late for school. A.and B.or C.but D.if3._you_she are like English. A.Both.and B.Neither.nor C.Either.or D.Not only.but also4.The number of the students_50. A.are B.am C.is D.have5.He was tired,_he still went on working. A.and B.but C.or D.also 课时(ksh)训练(D)(B)(A)(C)(B)第31页/共37页第三十二页，共37页。 课时(ksh)训练6._Lily_Lucy can go with you. Because one of them must look after their mother at home. A.Neither.nor B.Either.or C.Both.and D.No tonly.but also7.Will you go and get some more_for the teacher? A.chalks B.piece of chalk C.pieces of chalk D.pieces of chalks8._is made of _. A.Glasses，glasses B.A glass，glass C.Glasses，glasses D.A glass，glasses9.We are very tired,we should have_rest. A.half an hour B.an hour C.half a hours D.an hours10.I heard her_in the next room. A.singing B.sang C.go sing D.sing (B)(C)(A)(A)(A)第32页/共37页第三十三页，共37页。11.I usually have breakfast at home. _. A.So have I B.So do I C.I have so D.I do so12.Open the door，_? A.will you B.wont you C.dont you D.do you13.Sheep live on grass，_? A.doesnt it B.dont they C.does it D.do they14.He found_interesting to learn English. A.it B.this C.that D.those15.Why_the information on the Internet. A.not search B.search C.dont search D.do search 课时(ksh)训练(B)(B)(B)(A)(A)第33页/共37页第三十四页，共37页。16.You usually play football after school,dont you? _.But today I want to read English. A.Yes，I do B.No,I dont C.No,I dont D.No，I do17._good weather it is today! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a18.He hasnt finished the work yet,has he? _.He finished it yesterday. A.Yes,he has B.No,he hasnt C.Yes,he hasnt D.No,he has19.I didnt finish my homework yesterday.He didnt finish his homework,_. A.too B.also C.either D.well20.Lets talk about the picture,_? A.will you B.wont you C.shall we D.shant we 课时(ksh)训练(A)(A)(A)(C)(C)第34页/共37页第三十五页，共37页。21.Its a beautiful day. _. A.so is it B.so it is C.so does it D.so it does22.There is going to _a sports meeting next week. A.have B.has C.hold D.be23._exciting the news is ! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an24.The weather in Beijing is worse than _ in Nanjing. A.that B.those C.it D.this25._TV is my mothers hobby. A.Watch B.Watching C.Seeing D.See 课时(ksh)训练BDACB第35页/共37页第三十六页，共37页。第36页/共37页第三十七页，共37页。