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Unit 3 Under the Sea一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词 汇 部 分词语 辨析1.shore/seaside/beach/coast/bank 2.flee/escape 3. deep/deeply词形 变化1. depth n.深，深度，deeply adv.深深地deep adj.& adv.深的；深入地,2. conserve v.保存,保藏conservation v. 保存, 保持3.vivid adj.生动的,鲜明 的，活泼的vividly adv.生动地，鲜明地4. awesome adj.弓|起敬畏 的，可怕的awe n.敬畏awe vt.敬畏5.tasty adj.好吃的，口口 的taste v.品尝;n味道，味觉tasteless adj.没味道的,无鉴赏力的重点 单词1. annual adj.每年的；按年度计算的 / n.年刊；年鉴2. witness n.目击者；证人；证据 vt.当场见到；目击3. accommodation n.住所4. abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃5. reflect vt.映射；反射 vi. & vt.思考6. aware adj.意识到的；知道的7. scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓重点 词组sort out整理;挑出help out帮助（摆脱困难或危难）；协助；使 脱离困境throw oneself out of 跃出 upside down 上下翻转过来重点句型1. It was a time when the killer whales, ors they wereethen called, helped thewhalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.2. I had already heard that George didn like being kept waiting, so even though I didn t have the right clothes on, raced after him.3. I m sittiriig the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day-a day of pure magic!重点语法被动语态（II）（见语法专题）II词语辨析 （旨在提供完形填空所需材料）1）. shore/seaside/beach/coast/bank n海边，海岸【解释】shore指海岸，湖岸，也指近海的一带。seaside指近海边地区供游客休憩，娱乐的海边。beach指海洋或大湖在涨潮时被淹没而退潮时又露出的斜坡，可供人们玩乐，消遣的沙滩，海滩。coast以陆地为中心的海岸线bank河流的堤，岸【练习】选择shore/seaside/beach/coast或bank并用其适当的形式填空1） Last summer we spent all our holiday at the.2） I enjoy lying on the with sunglasses in the sun.3） It s dangerous for childreplay on the of the river.4） We often see many ships on the sea about several miles off the .5） The land is barren on the east.Keys: 1) seaside 2) beach 3) bank 4) shore 5) coast2) . flee/escape v.逃避,逃跑，逃走【解释】flee只说明动作，不强调结果。escape逃离，结果是成功的。【练习】选择flee或escape,并用其适当的形式填空1) The enemy in disorder.2) Citizens were forced to the besieged city.3) He narrowly death.Keys: 1) fled 2) flee 3) escaped3) deep/deeply adv.深深地；【解释】deep表示深地，深处(常用于具体的方面)deeply常表达抽象含义。【练习】选择deep或deeply并用其适当的形式填空1) The police found out the lost child in the woods at last.2) All of us were shocked at the bad news.Keys: 1) deep 2)deeplyIII词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1. depth n.深，深度,deeply adv.深深地deep adj.& adv.深的;深入地,2. conserve v.保存,保藏conservation v. 保存, 保持3.vivid adj.生动的，鲜明的， 活泼的vividly adv.生动地,鲜明地4. awesome adj.弓|起敬畏的 , 可怕的awe n.敬畏awe vt.敬畏5.tasty adj.好吃的,可口的taste v.品尝;n味道，味觉tasteless adj.没味道的,无鉴赏力的【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) The lake is over 20 meters inso we were all movedby the man who divedintothe lake to save the little boy. (deep)2) Iremember the girl dressed incolor he drew in the exhibition.(vivid)3) Anyone who launches a war isand isby people who love peace all around the world.(awe)4) Theof energy will help us research the way to save andthe energy. (conserve)5) Though the soup is, I ve lost my sense ofand likewater.(taste)keys:1) depth; deeply; deep 2) vividly; vivid 3) awesome; awed 4) conservation; conserve 5) tasty; taste; tastes; tastelessIV重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1) annual adj.每年的；按年度计算的 / n.年刊；年鉴重点用法annually adv.年年地，每年地典例2) an annual income. 年收入3) an annual report 年度报告4) Premier Wen Jiabao noted that the two most important problems would be previous to anything else in the government annual report.温家宝总理在政府年度报告中指出要优先解决这两大问 题。 练习 汉译英1) 为加深理解，我们愿意与国外友人交换学校年鉴。2) 工人们的年收入增加了 250 元。Keys: 1) To have a better understanding, we would like to exchange the school annual with the foreign friends. 2) The wage of workers makes an annual increase of 250 yuan this year.3) witness n. 目击者；证人；证据vt. 当场见到；目击 典例 1) He is the witness to the accident. 事故的目击者2) This old auditorium has witnessed many ceremonies. 这个古老的礼堂内举行过许多次典礼 重点用法 give witness on behalf of sb. 为某人作证 练习 汉译英1) 没有人能证明他在场。2) 这些事实证明了他的粗心。3) 她替被告作证。Keys: 1) None could witness that he was present. 2)These facts are a witness to his carelessness. 3)She gave witness on behalf of the accused person.3. accommodation 住所 重点用法 accommodate v. 向 .提供, 容纳 , 调和 ; 适应accommodation address 临时通讯处accommodation allowance 膳宿津贴 典例 1) The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for students in London 由于住宿费用昂贵，伦敦的学生感到生活困难。2) The university offers excellent accommodation for summer visitors 这所大学为夏季来访者提供了很好的住宿。 练习 汉译英3) 我们今晚能找到旅馆住宿吗?4) 这间旅馆可以容纳 500 多人住宿。Keys: 1)Can we find accommodations at a hotel for tonight? 2)This hotel can accommodate more than 500 guests.4. abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃 n.放任,狂热 重点用法 abandon oneself to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于abandon to s b把舍弃给with abandon 放任地；放纵地；纵情地 典例 1) They abandoned all hope of finding an effective way to solve the problem 他们放弃了寻找有效方法解决问题的所有希望。2) We should keep off those who abandon themselves to drugs 我们要远离那些吸毒成瘾的人。3) Dont waste the food left, and abandon it to the dog 不要浪费剩下的食物， 把它舍弃给狗吃。 练习 根据括号里所给的汉语补全句子。4) After the victory ， the soldiers sang and danced(纵情地 ).5) (这项方案的放弃 )resulted from lack of enough money.6) During the Second World War ， millions of people throughout the world( 离弃家园 )7) ( 不要悲观失望)though in great difficulty.Keys: 1) with abandon 2) The abandon of the project 3) abandoned their homes. 4) Do not abandon yourself to despair5. reflect vt. 映射；反射 vi. & vt. 思考 重点用法 reflection n 反射；反映；思考；沉思reflective adj.反射的；反映的；沉思的 reflect on v. 思考，反省 典例 1) Her severe look reflected how she really felt 她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。2) Mirrors reflect light 镜子能反射光线。3) I reflected on possible reasons for my failure 我仔细考虑导致我失败的种种原因。 练习 用 reflect 的相关介词或正确形式填空.1)The moon appears a surface of the lake 2)After a minutes ， he answered 3)The plan which he reflected was ridiculous 4)The problems at discussion are to be dealt at tomorrow. s meetingKeys: 1) reflective 2)reflection 3)on 4) reflected6. aware adj. 意识到的；知道的 重点用法 unaware 不察觉的 , 不知道的awareness n. 知道 , 晓得be/ become aware of sth. 意识至U某事be aware that-clause 知道 ； 意识至U make sb. aware that-clause 提醒某人注意 make sb. aware of 让某人注意到 典例 1) He wasnt aware of the danger 他没有意识到危险。2) Is she aware that Im coming? 她知道我要来吗 ?注意： aware 后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用 of ，但在 what 从句前必须用of 。 练习 用恰当的介词或aware 恰当的词性填空。1) Also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously aware situations that will bring you nearer to your goal 2)The principal didn t seem to be awarethere should have been so much dispute aboutthe decision 3) Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raiseabout AIDS.4) Mike seemsof the trouble he s causing, otherwise he wo uld stop itKeys: 1) of 2) that 3)awareness 4)unaware7. scare vt. 恐吓 vi. 受惊吓 重点用法 scaring adj 令人害怕的；吓人的scared adj 受惊吓的；感到害怕的be scared of (=be afraid Of)到 (某种事物或行为)而害怕be scared to do. (=be afraid to do)不敢做be scared to death 吓死了 典例 1) You scared me by coming in so quietly 你这么悄悄地进来吓了我一跳。2) Most girls are scared to light the firework. 大多女孩不敢放烟花。 练习 汉译英1) 听到枪声，那个贼吓得要死。2) 他容易受惊吓。Keys: 1) The thief was scared to death when hearing the gunshot. 2) He scares easily V 重点词组 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1) sort out 整理；挑出 ; 解决 (问题困难) 短语归纳 sort through 查看并挑选出put away 把存放好 典例 2) Ive sorted out the papers that can be thrown away 我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。3) Weve got a few lime problems to sort out 我们有几个小问题要解决。4) He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk 他在整理桌上的一堆文件。练习 汉译英1) 他从相片中挑出自己的，并把它们放到相册中。2) 放学了，把书本收好。Keys: 1) He sorted his own photos out from others and kept them in a album. 2) After school, put away your books.2. help out帮助(摆脱困难或危难)；协助；使 脱离困境 短语归纳 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事with the help of 在 . 的帮助下 , 借助help oneself t。请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用等)cant help doing sth 禁不住cant help but do sth 只得；不得不 典例 1) Can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?2) Please help yourself to some fish 随便吃点鱼。3) She cant help laughing 她忍不住大笑起来。4) I cant help but wait 我只得等。 练习 汉译英1) 在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱打电子游戏的习惯。2)地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子埋在废墟中。t help but leave thKeys: 1)With the help of the teacher and his classmates, xiaoming managed to help himself out of his problem with computer games. 2) In the earthquake, many parents couldn children in the ruin3. throw oneself out of 跃出 典例 “ Im here 1) The man suddenly threw himself out of the water and said “我在这儿 ” 。 短语归纳 throw oneself at 冲向throw oneself into 投身手；积极从事throw away 扔掉throw up 呕吐throw sb into prison 把某人投入监狱；throw at对准向扔去(希望击中)；throw to向(方向)扔去 练习 汉译英1 )休息了一会后，他重新投入了救援工作。2）你可以帮他把书传给他，但向别人投掷书本是不对的。Keys: 1) After a short rest, he threw himself into rescuing again. 2) You can help him to throw this book to him but it s wrong to throw books at others.4. upside down 上下翻转过来 短语归纳 inside out 里面翻转过来的 典例 1) The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down 这淘气的孩子老是把房问的东西搞得乱七八糟。2) He wore the sweatshirt inside out 他当时把运动衫反过来穿。 练习 汉译英1 )你把那幅画挂颠倒了！2）春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福 ”字倒过来挂Keys: 1) Y ou ve hung that picture upside down! 2) In the Spring Festival, Chinese people would like to hang the character fu upside down.VI 重点句子 (旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1. It was a time when the killer whales, or“ killers ” as they were then called, helped the whalerscatch thebaleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为 “杀手 ”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。解释 It was/is a time when 曾经一度(那时) 典例 1) It was a time when motorcars were rare. 那是汽车很罕见的时代。2) It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.她曾经无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。 练习 汉译英1） 曾经没人能理解我的计划和雄心。2） 现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。Keys: 1)It was a time when no one could understand my plan and ambition. 2)It is a time when people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously.2. I had already heard that George didn t like being kept waiting, so even though I tdhiednrightclothes on, raced after him.我早就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没穿上捕鲸该穿的衣服，还是跟在他背后跑了起来。解释even though=even if即使，即便（引导让步状语从句）典例1） We won t give up even if we should ten times.便我们失败十次，我们也不会失败。2） Even though you may lose the chance of meeting your friend, you can not miss the meeting this afternoon.即使你可能会失去会见朋友的机会，（但是你）也不能错过下午的会议。练习汉译英1）即便你无路可走，你也不能任由自己放弃自己的目标。2）尽管他已经说了很多遍对不起”，他的女朋友还是不愿意原谅他。Keys: 1) You should not resign yourself to giving up your goal, even though you may no way to go.2)Even though he has said“ sorry for many times, his girl friend would not forgive him.3. I m sgtinn the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day-a day of pure magic!我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情一这可是奇妙至及的一天。解释with+宾语+宾语补足语 在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等典例1) The teacher came in with a thick book in her hand.老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。2) With a local villager leading the way, we found his house easily.有当地村民带路，我们很容易就找到了他家。3) With a lot of problems to solve, the newly-elected president felt like a cat on hot bricks.由于有很多问题急待解决，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。练习汉译英1)我睡觉时喜欢开着窗。2) I like to sleep with2）妈妈讲着故事，小孩很快就睡着了。Keys: 1) With her mother telling stories, the child could fall asleep soon. the window open.、课文要点1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：1 the morning of 19 th January I went snorkeling. 2 （see） such extraordinary beauty, I thought every cell in my body woke up and 3 was like discovering a whole new dimension of life. During the trip, I first became aware of the vivid colors 4（围绕）me and the fantasticcorals, in and around 5 all kinds of elegant fish 6 （be） swimming among them. 7 there are still something 8 made me feel 9（害怕）.For example, I didn t want to getclose to the eel, the giant clam and the grey reef sharks, for they made me scared to death 10 a moment. 答案： 1. On 2. seeing 3. it 4. surrounding 5. which 6. were7) But 8. that 9. frightened 10. for2课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，试着用 30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案这个故事是有关捕鲸人的忠实朋友Old Tom的故事。它帮助捕鲸者捕猎鲸鱼和在危难的时刻保护他们。答案： The passage is the stories of Old Tom , the devoted friend of whalers. It helped the whalers to catch whales and how it protected and saved them in times of danger.3课文佳句背诵与仿写在旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1 .原句It was a time when the killer whales, or “ killers as they were then cheeded the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 在那个时期， 杀人鲸， 正如当 时他们被称呼的，帮助捕鲸者捕杀在每年迁移途中的须鲸。（本文中同类句 I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.当时我以为只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过多次。）模仿要点句子结构：句子成分插入语，【模仿1】在十九世纪早期，广州，正如西方世界所知道的，是世界最出名的港口之一。答案： By the early 19th Century, Guangzhou , as it was known in the English-speaking world , was one of the worlds leading ports.【模仿2】使我们感到惊奇的是，他所做的和他所说的没有任何联系。答案： What he did , to our surprise, had nothing to do with what he said.【模仿3他有了一个新的发现，我认为那对科学来说是非常重要的。答案： He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science. 三、单元自测1完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Globalcall Communications has grown from a telecommunications solutions provider forlocal businesses in the greater Seattle metropolitan area to a truly global corporation providing telecommunications solutions for clients both large and small. Established to21 asignificant market gap for simple communication solutions, the company first 22 to most major North American cities before becoming a major multinational player.23 , the company is extending operations to include voice over IP, as well as high-speed cable Internet access. Globalcall Communications team includes more than 40, 000 specialists worldwide in more than 20 countries on three 24. Next year we will see thedeployment (分配)of a third 25 wireless communications network in Asian countries.The future looks 26 for Globalcall Communications. By 2005 the company will be 27 more than 15 million households and businesses 28 . Globalcall Communications will have become a famous word. We look forward to serving clients and are planning to do everything in our 29 to make sure that your communication future is unlimited and 30.21. A. fillB. fallC. fitD. follow22. A. enlargedB.expandedC. grewD. increased23. A. ShortlyB. SoonC. PresentlyD. Previously24. A. citiesB. countriesC. landsD. continents25. A. generationB. periodC. typeD. kind26. A. happyB. brightC. shiningD. sparkling27. A. servingB. helpingC. supportingD. supplying28. A. earthlyB. locallyC. worldlyD. globally29. A. powerB. controlC. energyD. force30. A. complexB. simpleC. concreteD. common答案：21. . A.填补一个巨大的市场空缺。22. B.首先在北美几个大城市扩展。23. C.目前公司正在扩充业务。24. D.世界范围之内三大洲的专家。25. A.第三代无信通信网络。26. B. Globalcall Communications 公司前途光明。27. A.到2005年公司将为全球范围内超过l, 500万的家庭和公司服务。28. D.29. A.尽我们的能力确保您的未来的通信通畅无阻。30. B,并且简便。2语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。Mr. Smith works in an office. Hes very busy and has 31 time to have a good rest. Every evening, -32_ he comes back from work, hes always tired and wants to go to bed early. 33 his wife often has a lot of interesting things 34 (tell) him after supper. She doesnt stop talking 35 she falls asleep, but its usually very late and Mr. Smith has to get up on time in themorning when she is 36 (sleep). One day the man felt terrible 37 couldnt go to work. He decided to go to see a doctor. Mrs. Smith went to the hospital with him. Before her husband could say 38 was the matter with him, the woman 39 (tell)the doctoreverything. The doctor looked over Mr. Smith and then gave medicine to 40 Mr. and Mrs.Smith. He said to Mrs. Smith, They are sleeping pills. When you take the pills, your husband will be all right. 答案：31 no little 32 when 33 But 34 to tell 35 until 36 asleep sleeping 37 and 38 what39 had told 40 both31 . no/little has no / little time= doesnt have any time /hasn t any time,nO形容词。32 . when,考查由when引导的时间状语从句。33 But ，此处表转折关系。34 to tell 考查 have something to do 的结构。35 . until, until引导的时间状语从句，表 直到才”36 asleep sleeping be asleep sleeping 表状态。37 . and,表并列关系。38 what， what was the matter with him 是固定搭配。39 had told ，考查动词的过去完成时态。40 . both, bothand 是固定结构，表 “和者B,两者 都”3 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、 B、 C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。In 1983 a presidential committee warned that, The educational foundations of our society are presently threatening our very future as a nation. More than two decades later, that report, A Nation at Risk, is still suitable for the current situation.Americas schools are failing us. Theyre not preparing enough young people to succeed in the 21st century. Standardized test scores show that student achievement is quite low. But those scores dont tell the whole story of this rising crisis. Consider these:* Nearly 30 percent of students dont graduate from high school.* 40 percent of college freshmen need remedial classes （ 辅导班 ） because they are unprepared.* While U.S. grade-schoolers outrank （ 等级高于 ） many of their international peers, high-scholars dont do so well.Sadly, more and more young adults arent ready for college or work - or for life. Theyre not getting the skills to compete in todays rapidly developing knowledge economy even as other countries grow more competitive. By standing still, were falling behind.So, a good first step would be to lift our expectations for what each child is capable of learning. A solid second step would be to adopt national education standards that emphasize main studies -math, science, English and history - and measure results with national testing. In an age when learning a technique requires as much intelligence as understanding a textbook, all students need the same base of knowledge, whether they will go off to college or not.And a third step is to give vocational （ 职业的 ） training. Not everyone should be on the college track - and a strong vocational teaching system might just lower the 30% high school dropout （ 辍 学 ） rate.No single solution - higher standards, charter schools （ 特许学校 ）, merit pay （ 记功付酬 ） for teachers - can magically solve our educational problems. What we need is a systematic, national plan that combines the smartest reforms and takes brave risks.41. According to the authors opinion, we can conclude that .A. the report, A Nation at Risk, only reflected the previous educational situation in AmericaB. the American educational system was considered to secure the nations future during the past twenty yearsC. the 1983 report is, to some degree, too old to describe the present educational situation wellD. in view of the present educational situation, American basic education doesnt function well42. The authors attitude toward Americas schools is that of .A. unconcern B. dissatisfaction C. tolerance D. sympathy43. Through the passage, the author wants to tell us that.A. the problems of the present Americas schools are very different from those of two decadesagoB. if the financial problems are solved, the problems of America s schools will disappearC. varieties of schools should be built to solve the problems of America s schoolsD. proper strategies and reforms are needed in the course of solving the problems44. National education standards emphasize the importance of .A. main basic subjects in schoolsB. learning a techniqueC. the ability to understandD. the same base of knowledge45. What is the passage mainly about?A. Emerging crisis in America s schools.B. Solving American education problems.C. Educational foundation of American society.D. The importance of adopting national educational standards. 答案：美国社会的教育基础可能会对国家的未来构成威胁，这是1983 年得出的结论，然而它仍然适用于二十多年后的现在的美国。 本文介绍了美国教育令人担忧的现状， 还提出了一些 解决方法。41. D 。 细节理解题。根据第二段的 “ America schsools are failing us.
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