2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题15（附答案详解）

2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 填空题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with five questions. After you have read the passage, answer each question in English. Write down your answer on ANSWER SHEET.A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers.All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages.Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa.Languages are always changing, but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. The English word tomato was borrowed from Nahuat, an American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general.There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are related, and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Austronesian family contains at least 500 languages, including Pilipino, Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain, is the only member of its language family.The Indo-European language family contains 55 languages, including English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi. Another language family is Sino-Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro-Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences and have been divided into more than 50 language families.People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily, and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often must work harder at learning a second language.1. How many languages are spoken all over the world?2. What are the language rules for?3. How is meaning expressed in sign language?4. What is more important in English compared with other languages?5. Which language is the only member of its language family?【答案】1.About 4,000 spoken languages.2.Forming words and ordering those words in sentences.3.By gestures.4.Word order.5.The Basque language.【解析】1.【选项释义】1. How many languages are spoken all over the world? 1. 世界上有多少种语言？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】第一段第二句提到“世界上大约有4000种语言”可知，答案为“大约4000种”。2.【选项释义】2. What are the language rules for? 2. 语言规则是什么？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“所有的语言都有构词和排列句子的规则”可知，语言规则是“构词和排列句子”。3.【选项释义】3. How is meaning expressed in sign language? 3. 如何用手语表达意思？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段最后一句“许多聋人使用手语，在手语中，手势起到了口语声音系统的作用”可知，聋人通过手势表达自己的意思。4.【选项释义】4. What is more important in English compared with other languages? 4. 与其他语言相比，英语中什么更重要？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第三段第一句“词序在英语中比在其他一些语言中更重要，比如俄语”可知，英语中词序更重要。5.【选项释义】5. Which language is the only member of its language family? 5. 哪一种语言是其语系的唯一成员？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第五段最后一句“西班牙北部使用的巴斯克语是该语系的唯一成员”可知，巴斯克语是其语系的唯一成员。2. 不定项选择题No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?” At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. Its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.At the core of this debate is the chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the companys mountainous debt, which will increase to S17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.The flap over rap is not making like any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-Ts violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We wont retreat in the face of any threats.”Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last months stockholder meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of societys ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The 15 member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce, “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.”1. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for _.2. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?3. Levin, according to the text, is probably _.4. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman _.5. The best title for this text could be _.问题1选项A.its self-examination of soulB.its emphasis on creative freedomC.its neglect of social responsibilityD.its raising of the corporate stock price问题2选项A.Steve Ross is no longer alive.B.Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.C.Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.D.Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.问题3选项A.a defendant of rap musicB.a pioneer of street cultureC.an advocate of music reformD.an opponent of music innovation问题4选项A.changed his attitude and yielded to objectionB.softened his tone and adopted some new policyC.received more support from the 15-member boardD.stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression问题5选项A.A Debate on Moral DeclineB.A Form of Creative FreedomC.A Lawful Outlet of Street CultureD.A Company under Fire【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.【选项释义】1. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for _. 1. 参议员罗伯特多尔指责时代华纳公司_。A. its self-examination of soul A. 对灵魂的反省B. its emphasis on creative freedom B. 对创作自由的强调C. its neglect of social responsibility C. 对社会责任的忽视D. its raising of the corporate stock price D. 对抬高公司股价的行为【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段的内容“没有一家公司乐意听到别人说自己引起了社会的道德败坏。参议员罗伯特多尔上星期质问时代华纳公司高级人员时说：难道这就是你们要成就的事业吗？你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂，难道你们还非要腐化我们的国家，威胁我们的孩子不成？”可知，多尔指责的是该公司带来的社会影响；然后根据第三段最后一句中公司董事长莱文的话“任何一个民主社会的检验不在于它能多有效地控制各种情感的表达，而在于是否给予了人们思考和表达的最广泛的自由”，也就是说强调创作自由，而后第四段莱文改变态度，倒数第二句提到“但他也谈到了创作自由和社会责任之间要保持平衡的问题”，可见，多尔参议员所指责的正是公司的音乐作品所带来的不良社会影响，即忽视了社会责任，故该题选择C项“对社会责任的忽视”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“对灵魂的反省”，第一段倒数第二句指出“对时代沃纳公司来说，多尔所质疑的问题只不过是公司自1990年创立以来一直所进行的自我反省（soul-searching）的最新表述”可知，多尔质疑的这些问题是该公司对自身的反省，但并不是多尔真正指责的地方，该项曲解原文；B项“对创作自由的强调”根据解题思路来看，多尔并没有关心该公司的创作自由，而是该公司董事长莱文关注的重点，该项张冠李戴；D项“对抬高公司股价的行为”根据解题思路来看，多尔关心的并不是该公司的经济状况，该项出处错位。2.【选项释义】2. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE? 2. 根据文章，下列哪个选项是正确的？A. Steve Ross is no longer alive. A. 斯蒂夫罗斯已经去世了。B. Gerald Levin is liable to compromise. B. 杰拉尔德莱文很容易妥协。C. Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner. C. 卢斯是时代华纳的发言人。D. Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate. D. 面对这场争论，时代华纳团结一致。【答案】A【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“于1992年接替已故董事长斯蒂夫罗斯（the late Steve Ross）的56岁的现任董事长杰拉德莱文是争论的焦点人物”可知，前董事长斯蒂夫罗斯已经去世了，其中late表示“迟到的，已故的”，一般来讲，该词加在人名或称呼前时译作“已故的”，所以该题选择A项“斯蒂夫罗斯已经去世了”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“杰拉尔德莱文很容易妥协”根据第三段最后一句莱文所说的话“任何一个民主社会的检验不在于它能多有效地控制各种情感的表达，而在于是否给予了人们思考和表达的最广泛的自由，尽管有时这种结果会引起争论和愤怒。我们不会在任何威胁面前退却。”可以看出，莱文并非是个易于妥协的人，该项属于反向干扰；C项“卢斯是时代华纳的发言人”，根据最后一段第二三句“但内部人士（insiders）表示，他们中的一些人已经表达了对此事的担忧。鲁斯说，我们中的一些人多年来早就知道宪法第一修正案所说的自由并非毫无限制，我想与公司有关系的一些人可能是最近才意识到这一点。”可知，他的话说明了公司领导内部对处理创作自由和社会影响这一对矛盾上的不同看法、也暗含着对公司一贯政策（过于强调创作自由）的批评；可见，他并非公司指派的发言人，而仅代表自己，该项曲解原文；D项“面对这场争论，时代华纳团结一致”根据C项的解题思路可知，时代华纳公司内部并非团结一致的，该项曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3. Levin, according to the text, is probably _. 3. 根据文章，莱文可能是_。A. a defendant of rap music A. 说唱音乐的被告人B. a pioneer of street culture B. 街头文化的先驱C. an advocate of music reform C. 音乐改革的倡导者D. an opponent of music innovation D. 音乐创新的反对者【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段第二句“莱文一向以它（说唱音乐）是一种富于表现力的演唱方式为理由来捍卫公司的说唱音乐”和第三句“1992年公司因出品Ice-T乐队狂暴的说唱歌曲警察杀手后备受谴责时，莱文说这是街头文化的合法表达方式，它应该有自己的宣泄途径”可知，莱文对于说唱音乐是非常拥护的，并且他认为这是街头文化的一种合法表达方式，综合理解可以推断，莱文可能是街头文化的先驱者，所以B项“街头文化的先驱”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“说唱音乐的被告人”根据解题思路可知，莱文是支持说唱音乐的，不可能成为其被告人，该项属于反向干扰；C项“音乐改革的倡导者”，原文没有提及音乐改革，该项无中生有；D项“音乐创新的反对者”根据第四段最后一句“莱文还宣布公司将致力于为一些人们可能会反感的音乐制定发行和标识的标准”可知，莱文并不反对，反而很支持，该项属于反向干扰。4.【选项释义】4. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman _. 4. 面对最近对公司的攻击，董事长_。A. changed his attitude and yielded to objection A. 改变了态度，不再反对B. softened his tone and adopted some new policy B. 语气变软，并采取了一些新政策C. received more support from the 15-member board C. 从15名董事会成员那里得到了更多支持D. stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression D. 坚持捍卫言论自由的强硬立场【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】第四段第一句指出“莱文不愿对上周的辩论做出评论，但有迹象表明这位董事长的强硬立场起码在一定程度上有所缓和”可知，莱文强硬的语气有所缓和，然后他举了他儿子的例子强调音乐并不会引起社会丑恶现象，接着最后两句指出“但他也谈到了创作自由和社会责任之间要保持平衡的问题。他还宣布公司将致力于为一些人们可能会反感的音乐制定发行和标识的标准。”可见，莱文在做出妥协姿态的同时，也采取了实际的行动，所以B项“语气变软，并采取了一些新政策”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“改变了态度，不再反对”根据解题思路可知，莱文只是在一定程度上进行了让步，并不是完全不反对，该项曲解原文；C项“从15名董事会成员那里得到了更多支持”，根据最后一段第二三句“但内部人士表示，他们中的一些人已经表达了对此事的担忧。鲁斯说，我们中的一些人多年来早就知道宪法第一修正案所说的自由并非毫无限制，我想与公司有关系的一些人可能是最近才意识到这一点。”可知，公司领导内部对处理创作自由和社会影响这一对矛盾上有不同看法，换言之董事会意见出现了分歧，该项属于曲解原文；D项“坚持捍卫言论自由的强硬立场”根据解题思路可知，莱文在一定程度上进行了让步，所以该项属于曲解原文。5.【选项释义】5. The best title for this text could be _. 5. 这篇文章最好的标题是_。A. A Debate on Moral Decline A. 关于道德沦丧的争论B. A Form of Creative Freedom B. 一种创造自由的形式C. A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture C. 街头文化的合法输出D. A Company under Fire D. 遭到责难的公司【答案】D【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】通读全文，根据第一段的内容可知，该文讲述的内容主要是时代华纳公司因为忽视社会责任而被受到指责，然后第二至四段讲述该公司董事长对这一指责的立场，以及为之采取的实际行动，最后一段则暗示公司内部对处理创作自由和社会影响这一对矛盾上由不同的分歧；综合理解可知，本文主要是评述了时代华纳公司因发行新音乐专辑而受到的责难及其反应，所以D项“遭到责难的公司”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“关于道德沦丧的争论”，时代华纳公司所被指责的主要是它对社会责任的忽视，而并非它所发行的作品所带来的实际道德上的影响，该项过度推断；B项“一种创造自由的形式”和C项“街头文化的合法输出”只有部分提及，并不能概括全文，属于以偏概全。3. 单选题The thieves fled with the local police close on their _.问题1选项A.backsB.necksC.toesD.heels【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. backs（人体或动物的）背部，背 B. necks颈，脖子C. toes脚趾 D. heels足跟，脚后跟【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据句意“小偷逃跑了，当地警察_”可知，警察对小偷是紧跟不舍，根据close可以推知空格处表示“紧跟”的意思，而on ones heels也是常用搭配，表示“紧跟”，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不符合句意；C选项“toes”构成固定搭配on ones toes“警觉的；作好行动准备的”不符合句子逻辑关系，排除。【句意】小偷逃跑了，当地警察紧追不舍。4. 单选题Since the two countries couldnt _ their differences, they decided to stop their negotiations.问题1选项A.rectifyB.obscureC.reconcileD.oblige【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. rectify矫正，纠正 B. obscure使模糊；使隐晦C. reconcile使和谐一致；调解 D. oblige（以法律、义务等）强迫，迫使【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据句意“由于这两个国家的分歧无法_，他们决定停止谈判”可知，是因为分歧无法调解，所以会停止谈判，该题选择C项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。【句意】由于这两个国家的分歧无法调解，他们决定停止谈判。5. 单选题_ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.问题1选项A.AsB.WhatC.ThatD.It【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. As就像，作为 B. What什么C. That那个 D. It它【考查点】定语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，主句结构完整，所以前半句为非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个主句，空格处要填入一个引导词，而as引导非限制性定语从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项都不能引导非限制定定语从句。【句意】人们普遍认为，经济增长取决于生产的顺利发展。6. 不定项选择题We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other, more surprising causes.Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition. Bad breath can happen whenever the normal flow of saliva slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide.Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen-rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur-producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.Alcohol, hunger, too much talking. breathing through the mouth during exerciseanything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though its not understood why. Some peoples breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.For most of us, the simple, dry-mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry-mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they dont necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus. If the mouthwash contains alcoholas most doit can intensify the problem by drying out the mouth.1. The phrase “emanate from” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_”.2. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?3. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because _.4. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because _.5. We can infer from this passage that _.问题1选项A.thrive onB.account forC.originate fromD.descend from问题2选项A.Tooth trouble.B.Sulfur-rich food.C.Too much exercise.D.Mental strain.问题3选项A.it keeps offending bacteria from reproducingB.its smell adds to bad breathC.it kills some helpful bacteriaD.it affects the normal flow of saliva问题4选项A.they cant mask the bad odor long enoughB.they cant get to all the offending bacteriaC.their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worseD.they cant cover the thick layers of mucus问题5选项A.offensive breath cant easily be curedB.elderly people are less offended by bad breathC.heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breathD.offensive breath is less affected by alcohol【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.【选项释义】1. The phrase “emanate from” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_”. 1. 第一段中的词组“emanate from”很可能是“_”的意思。A. thrive on A. 靠发展B. account for B. 对负责、做出解释C. originate from C. 发源于D. descend from D. 由传下来的【考查点】词义推测题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段第二句“在大多数情况下，令人不快的口气emanates from口腔中的细菌，尽管还有其他更令人惊讶的原因（causes）”，根据后面的causes可知，offensive breath（口臭）和bacteria in the mouth（口腔中的细菌）之间应该是一个因果关系，是bacteria（细菌）导致了offensive breath（口臭），那么可以反推，offensive breath（口臭）是来源于bacteria（细菌），故C项“发源于”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“靠发展”、B项“对负责、做出解释”和D项“由传下来的”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。2.【选项释义】2. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath? 2. 下列哪项被提到是口臭的原因之一？A. Tooth trouble. A. 牙齿问题。B. Sulfur-rich food. B. 高硫的食物。C. Too much exercise. C. 太多锻炼。D. Mental strain. D. 精神紧张。【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第四段“酒精、饥饿、说话太多、运动时用嘴呼吸，任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭。压力也是如此，虽然不知道为什么。有些人每次去面试时口气都会变酸。”可知，压力也会造成口气问题，D项“精神紧张”也属于压力问题，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项“牙齿问题”没有提到，属于无中生有；B项“高硫的食物”根据第三段第二句“例如，当我们睡觉时，唾液流得很慢，产生硫的细菌占了上风，产生了所谓的早晨口气”可知，原文提到的是含硫的细菌能够导致口臭，并不是食物，该项属于曲解原文；C项“太多锻炼”根据第四段第一句“酒精、饥饿、说话太多、运动时用嘴呼吸，任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭”可知，原文说的是运动时用嘴呼吸会引发口臭，该项条件不足，属于曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because _. 3. 根据这篇文章，酒精与口臭有关的主要原因是_。A. it keeps offending bacteria from reproducing A. 它能阻止有害细菌的繁殖B. its smell adds to bad breath B. 它的气味增加了口臭C. it kills some helpful bacteria C. 它杀死了一些有益的细菌D. it affects the normal flow of saliva D. 它影响唾液的正常流动【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章最后一句“如果漱口水中含有酒精大多数漱口水都含有酒精会使口腔干燥，从而加剧这一问题”可知含有酒精的漱口水会使口腔干燥，从而产生口臭，原因是唾液流动变得缓慢，那么推断，酒精与口臭有关的主要原因是因为使得口腔唾液流动缓慢，所以D项“它影响唾液的正常流动”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“它能阻止有害细菌的繁殖”是漱口水的作用，并不是酒精，属于张冠李戴；B项“它的气味增加了口臭”和C项“它杀死了一些有益的细菌”没提到，属于无中生有。4.【选项释义】4. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because _. 4. 漱口水不能有效治疗口臭，主要是因为_。A. they cant mask the bad odor long enough A. 它们掩盖不了难闻的气味B. they cant get to all the offending bacteria B. 它们无法接触到所有有害的细菌C. their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worse C. 它们强烈的气味和口臭混合在一起，使情况更糟D. they cant cover the thick layers of mucus D. 它们不能覆盖厚厚的粘液层【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据最后一段二三四句“一些漱口水声称能杀死导致口腔异味的细菌。问题是，它们不一定能触及所有有害细菌。在厚厚的黏液层下，大多数细菌都能很好地免受漱口水的侵害。”可知，漱口水不能治疗口臭是因为厚厚的黏液层覆盖了有害细菌，所以漱口水不能触及到所有的有害细菌，B项“它们无法接触到所有有害的细菌”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“它们掩盖不了难闻的气味”和治疗口臭无关，属于出处错位；C项“它们强烈的气味和口臭混合在一起，使情况更糟”没有提到，属于无中生有；D项“它们不能覆盖厚厚的粘液层”漱口水不能治疗口臭的原因是厚厚的黏液层使得漱口水不能接触到所有的有害细菌，并不是不能覆盖厚厚的黏液层的原因，该项曲解原文。5.【选项释义】5. We can infer from this passage that _. 5. 从这篇文章中我们可以推断出_。A. offensive breath cant easily be cured A. 口臭不容易治好B. elderly people are less offended by bad breath B. 上了年纪的人对口臭不那么反感C. heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breath C. 酗酒者受口臭的影响较小D. offensive breath is less affected by alcohol D. 口臭受酒精的影响较小【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】文章前五段描述了引起口臭的多种原因，包括酒精、饥饿、说话太多、运动等使口腔干燥的因素，后三段阐述了能够增加唾液流动和掩盖口臭的方法，综合可以推断，引起口臭的因素有很多，所以并不是很容易治好，A项“口臭不容易治好”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“上了年纪的人对口臭不那么反感”根据第五段第一句“随着年龄的增长，唾液的流动会逐渐减慢，这也解释了为什么老年人比年轻人更容易出现口臭问题”可知，原文提到了老年人比年轻人更容易口臭的原因，但该项并未提及，也无从推断，属于无中生有；C项“酗酒者受口臭的影响较小”和D项“口臭受酒精的影响较小”，在原文提到了酒精会使口腔干燥，从而导致口臭，所以酗酒者更加受到口臭的影响，这两项属于反向干扰。7. 单选题It is _ that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work.问题1选项A.abruptB.absurdC.adverseD.addictive【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. abrupt突然的，意外的 B. absurd荒谬的，荒唐的C. adverse不利的，有害的 D. addictive使人上瘾的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据主语从句的内容“女人做同样的工作却得到比男人少的报酬”可知，做同样的工作，女人的报酬比男人的少，这是荒谬的，所以该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】女人做同样的工作却得到比男人少的报酬，这是荒谬的。8. 单选题This spacious room i