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七选五 说明文精选大题A【2018全国I】Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?_1_, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point._2_, they can get a little complex. But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones._3_. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable .Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves _4_. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant._5_.A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever youre looking for C. If youre experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with E. Its not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. G 5. F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。1.题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D,E,F,G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。2.前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。3.本题是一个主题句，总说选择小颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小颜色的具体用途。故选D。4.根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是对小型颜色选择在两种方式上的进一步提示，故选G。5.前文the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的。后文F那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好。故选F。B【2018北京卷】 Why Do We Get Angry? Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发) events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations. 6 Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. _7_ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to ones personal history and psychological traits. Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 8 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred. 9 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger. 10 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.【答案】6.F 7.G 8.E 9.A 10.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章按照总-分-总的结构讲述了人愤怒的三个原因触发事件、个人特征和对环境的评估。希望通过了解这三个原因，我们能更好地控制自己的情绪。6.本句作为第一段中的最后一句话，显然应该是总括性的句子。F选项中对于了解这些原因对我们控制情绪的好处恰好符合这一特征，故选F。7.根据下一句中“why someone is triggered by something and others are not”可知，前文中提到了每个人的触发事件都各不相同，G 选项中“what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.”恰好提到了这一点，符合语境。故选G。8.根据后文“Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred”可知，前一句也提到了pre-anger这一状态，E选项中“pre-anger state”恰好符合。除此之外，上一句的“personality traits”在此句中也出现了。故选E。9.本文为总-分-总结构，按照第一段的顺序，此段应该讲assessment of situations，故选A。10.根据后文“However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.”可知，前面一句应该是说生气有其存在的合理性。故选D。模拟精做A【2018年山东省潍坊市五市区高三10月联考英语试题】Many students have to live with roommates while going to school or university. Having a roommate can be one of the best experiences, or easily one of the worst. _11_Follow these five tips to avoid the common mistakes that make good roommate relationships worse.Talk things out. _12_ If something happens, sit down with your roommates and have a face-to-face conversation. Complaining about your roommates behind their backs creates nothing but awkward situations and general unhappiness._13_ Some roommates become the best of friends, and some dont. Dont put pressure on yourself or your roommate to reach this level, especially when you first meet. Remember, you are trying to make a new friend, not scare your roommate away. And if your roommate doesnt end up being your best friend, there is no need to worry about it.Clean up after yourself. Or at least, keep your mess on your side. _14_ But being considerate with where you put your own stuff will help you avoid the arguments.Ask before you take. This applies to food, clothes, supplies and anything else that you dont own. _15_ Even if you both agree to share everything you should still ask.A. Dont expect to be best friends.B. Communication is of vital importance.C. You dont need to keep the room clean and organized all the time.D. Rooms can be really easy for a mess to pile up.E. If you want to have a good relationship with your roommate, it all starts with you.F. Not all roommates can become your best friends.G. Show your roommate that you have respect for his or her belongings.【答案】11.E 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.G【解析】11.根据后文，“Follow these five tips to avoid the common mistakes that make good roommate relationships worse”，可知这里是介绍如何与自己的室友相处好的一些建议，而选项E意为“如果你想要与你的室友有一个良好的关系，这一切都要从你开始”，符合语境，故选E。12.根据小标题，Talk things out，可知当发生什么事情的时候相互之间沟通是很重要的，而选项B意为“沟通是很重要的”，符合语境，故选B。13.根据文中，“And if your roommate doesnt end up being your best friend，there is no need to worry about it”，可知这段的关键词是“best friend”，而选项中只有选项A提及了这一关键词，意为“不要期望变成最好的朋友”，符合语境，故选A。14.根据文中，“Clean up after yourselfOr at least，keep your mess on your side”，可知只需要把你自己整理干净，不要影响到大家，而选项C意为“你不需要一直保持房间的整洁”，符合语境，故选C。15.根据后文，“Even if you both agree to share everything you should still ask”，可知当你们要分享一样东西前，要询问你的朋友是否可以，而选项G意为“要对你的室友的随身物品表示尊重”，符合语境，故选G。B【江西省重点中学盟校2019届高三第一次联考英语试卷】You are enjoying a nice dream until your alarm suddenly rings. _16_Is your clock out of control? No, its just winter, making the sun rise later, so it will be twice as hard to crawl out of bed into the cold darkness.As the days get shorter, our mornings lose that crucial light to wake us up, so waking up gets harder. That means youll need to put in extra effort to get to work on time. _17_ _18_ Summer or winter, you should aim to go to bed at about the same time every evening and wake up at about the same time every morning. Try to give yourself time for eight hours per night.Avoid strong light near bedtime. So if you like reading before you close your eyes, try an actual book or an E-ink screen like a Kindle, which doesnt emit the harsh light that phones and tablets do.Buy a wake-up light. If you still have trouble with dark mornings, it might be time to introduce more light into your room. _19_Give yourself something to look forward to. _20_Sure, you might have to get up for work, but youll want to be awake if you are expecting a delicious breakfast, or a workout that is actually fun.A. But you just dont want to get out of your warm bed.B. Stick to a regular schedule.C. Philips makes some popular lamps that produce natural light during gray winter days.D. Waking up is easier when you have a good reason to be conscious.E. Too much light can do harm to your eyes.F. We have a few tips that might help.G. But when you look out of the window, its still black outside.【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. D【解析】本文为说明文。文章给读者提出了几条如何在冬日里按时起床的建议。16.根据下文“No, its just winter, making the sun rise later, so it will be twice as hard to crawl out of bed into the cold darkness.”（不，现在只是冬天，太阳升起得比较晚，所以从床上爬起来进入寒冷黑暗的环境要困难两倍）可知，G项“但是当你往窗外看时，外面还是黑的”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。17.根据上文“that means youll need to put in extra effort to get to work on time.”（这意味着你需要付出额外的努力才能准时上班）及下文对如何按时起床的建议描述可知，F项“我们有一些建议可能会有帮助”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。18.根据下文“Summer or winter, you should aim to go to bed at about the same time every evening and wake up at about the same time every morning.”（无论是夏天还是冬天，你应该每天晚上在同一时间睡觉，每天早上在同一时间醒来）可知，B项“坚持有规律的时间表”符合此处语境。故B选项正确。19.根据上文“If you still have trouble with dark mornings, it might be time to introduce more light into your room.”（如果你仍然对黑暗的早晨感到困扰，也许是时候给你的房间引入更多的光线了）可知，C项“飞利浦公司制造了一些流行的灯具，在灰色的冬天产生自然光”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。20.根据上文“Give yourself something to look forward to.”（给自己一些期待）及下文“but youll want to be awake if you are expecting a delicious breakfast, or a workout that is actually fun.”（但是如果你想要一顿美味的早餐，或者一场真正有趣的锻炼，你就会想要保持清醒）可知，D项“当你有充分的理由保持清醒时，醒来会更容易”符合此处语境。故D选项正确。C【肇庆市中学教学质量评估2019届高中毕业班第一次统一检测】If you desire to meet new friends, have fun and get into shape, basketball is the best sport for you regardless of whether you are a professional or an amateur. _21_Here are some of the benefits you can acquire from playing basketball. Improve your fitness levels.Playing basketball will definitely improve your fitness levels. Basketball is an amazing cardiovascular(心血管的) exercise, which is beneficial to people with heart problems. _22_ Encourage teamwork.Basketball requires team work to achieve a common objective. _23_this sport is great for kids, as it shows them how to work together in harmony to reach the goal. Learning how to relate with others will improve your childs confidence as well as self-esteem(自尊). _24_Making a shot or winning can really improve your childs self-esteem, which is a vital aspect during childhood. Children with confidence are able to overcome challenges better, according to recent studies. Develop social skills.It brings individuals together and helps create friendship and bonds. This provides a great opportunity for children who are shy, as it helps them interact with new friends. _25_Although there are no drawbacks associated to playing basketball, it is necessary that you perform other exercises to improve your speed and power.A. Build up your muscles.B. Improve confidence and self-esteem.C. The players have to work as a team to guarantee a win.D. Social skills will help your child function better in life.E. Basketball is popular worldwide due to a variety of reasons.F. Generally speaking, basketball is one of the safest sports in the world.G. Moreover, it aids in oxygen circulation and blood distribution throughout the body.【答案】21. E 22. G 23. C 24. B 25. D【解析】本文是体育运动类说明文，介绍了打篮球的好处。21.上句介绍如果想认识新朋友，玩得开心，锻炼身体，篮球是最适合的运动。E项：由于各种原因，篮球在世界范围内很受欢迎。与上句承接，说明了打篮球的普遍性，故选E。22.本部分介绍打篮球能提高健康水平，上句介绍打篮球是很好的心血管运动，对心脏问题有好处。G项：此外，它有助于氧气循环和血液在全身的分布。与上句并列，说明打篮球对健康的好处，故选G。23.本部分介绍打篮球能鼓励团队合作，C项：为了保证胜利，队员们必须团结一致。是介绍合作的重要性，符合本段内容，故选C。24.根据本部分中 improve your childs self-esteem和Children with confidence可知是介绍打篮球对孩子自尊心和自信心的好处，B项：Improve confidence and self-esteem.概括了这两项内容，适合作为本段标题。故选B。25.本部分介绍打篮球能提高社交技能，D项：社交技巧将帮助你的孩子在生活中更好地发挥作用，是介绍社交技能的重要性。D项中的Social skills与标题一致，故选D。7
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