Ch02-Testbank

Chemistry, 11e (Brown/LeMay/Brusten/Murphy)Chapter 2:Atoms, Molecules, and Ions2.1 Multiple-Choice and Bimodal Questions1) A certain mass of carbon reacts with 13.6 g of oxygen to form carbon monoxide. _ grams of oxygen would react with that same mass of carbon to form carbon dioxide, according to the law of multiple proportions? A) 25.6 B) 6.8 C) 13.6 D) 136 E) 27.2 Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1 2) Methane and ethane are both made up of carbon and hydrogen. In methane, there are 12.0 g of carbon for every 4.00 g of hydrogen, a ratio of 3:1 by mass. In ethane, there are 24.0 g of carbon for every 6.00 g of hydrogen, a ratio of 4:1 by mass. This is an illustration of the law of _. A) constant composition B) multiple proportions C) conservation of matter D) conservation of mass E) octaves Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1 3) Which statement below correctly describes the responses of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation to an electric field? A) Both beta and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while alpha shows no response. B) Both alpha and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while beta shows no response. C) Both alpha and beta are deflected in the same direction, while gamma shows no response. D) Alpha and beta are deflected in opposite directions, while gamma shows no response. E) Only alpha is deflected, while beta and gamma show no response. Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2 4) _ and _ reside in the atomic nucleus. A) Protons, electrons B) Electrons, neutrons C) Protons, neutrons D) none of the above E) Neutrons, only neutrons Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2 5) 200 pm is the same as _ . A) 2000 B) 20 C) 200 D) 2 E) Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.3 6) The atomic number indicates _. A) the number of neutrons in a nucleus B) the total number of neutrons and protons in a nucleus C) the number of protons or electrons in a neutral atom D) the number of atoms in 1 g of an element E) the number of different isotopes of an element Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.3 7) Which pair of atoms constitutes a pair of isotopes of the same element? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.3 8) The nucleus of an atom contains _. A) electrons B) protons, neutrons, and electrons C) protons and neutrons D) protons and electrons E) protons Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.3 9) In the periodic table, the rows are called _ and the columns are called _. A) octaves, groups B) staffs, families C) periods, groups D) cogeners, families E) rows, groups Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 10) Which group in the periodic table contains only nonmetals? A) 1A B) 6A C) 2B D) 2A E) 8A Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 11) The element _ is the most similar to strontium in chemical and physical properties. A) Li B) At C) Rb D) Ba E) Cs Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 12) Horizontal rows of the periodic table are known as _. A) periods B) groups C) metalloids D) metals E) nonmetals Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 13) Vertical columns of the periodic table are known as _. A) metals B) periods C) nonmetals D) groups E) metalloids Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 14) Elements in Group 1A are known as the _. A) chalcogens B) alkaline earth metals C) alkali metals D) halogens E) noble gases Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 15) Elements in Group 2A are known as the _. A) alkaline earth metals B) alkali metals C) chalcogens D) halogens E) noble gases Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 16) Elements in Group 6A are known as the _. A) alkali metals B) chalcogens C) alkaline earth metals D) halogens E) noble gases Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 17) Elements in Group 7A are known as the _. A) chalcogens B) alkali metals C) alkaline earth metals D) halogens E) noble gases Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 18) Elements in Group 8A are known as the _. A) halogens B) alkali metals C) alkaline earth metals D) chalcogens E) noble gases Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 19) Potassium is a _ and chlorine is a _. A) metal, nonmetal B) metal, metal C) metal, metalloid D) metalloid, nonmetal E) nonmetal, metal Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 20) Lithium is a _ and magnesium is a _. A) nonmetal, metal B) nonmetal, nonmetal C) metal, metal D) metal, metalloid E) metalloid, metalloid Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 21) Oxygen is a _ and nitrogen is a _. A) metal, metalloid B) nonmetal, metal C) metalloid, metalloid D) nonmetal, nonmetal E) nonmetal, metalloid Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 22) Calcium is a _ and silver is a _. A) nonmetal, metal B) metal, metal C) metalloid, metal D) metal, metalloid E) nonmetal, metalloid Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.5 23) _ are found uncombined, as monatomic species in nature. A) Noble gases B) Chalcogens C) Alkali metals D) Alkaline earth metals E) Halogens Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.6 24) When a metal and a nonmetal react, the _ tends to lose electrons and the _ tends to gain electrons. A) metal, metal B) nonmetal, nonmetal C) metal, nonmetal D) nonmetal, metal E) None of the above, these elements share electrons. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.6 25) The empirical formula of a compound with molecules containing 12 carbon atoms, 14 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms is _. A) B) CHO C) D) E) Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.6 26) _ typically form ions with a 2+ charge. A) Alkaline earth metals B) Halogens C) Chalcogens D) Alkali metals E) Transition metals Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 27) What is the formula of the compound formed between strontium ions and nitrogen ions? A) SrN B) C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 28) Magnesium reacts with a certain element to form a compound with the general formula MgX. What would the most likely formula be for the compound formed between potassium and element X? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 29) The formula of a salt is . The X-ion in this salt has 28 electrons. The metal X is _. A) Ni B) Zn C) Fe D) V E) Pd Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 30) The charge on the manganese in the salt is _. A) 1+ B) 1- C) 2+ D) 2- E) 3+ Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 31) Aluminum reacts with a certain nonmetallic element to form a compound with the general formula AlX. Element X is a diatomic gas at room temperature. Element X must be _. A) oxygen B) fluorine C) chlorine D) nitrogen E) sulfur Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 32) Sodium forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 1+ B) 1- C) 2+ D) 2- E) 0 Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 33) Potassium forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 2+ B) 1- C) 1+ D) 2- E) 0 Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 34) Calcium forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 1- B) 2- C) 1+ D) 2+ E) 0 Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 35) Barium forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 1+ B) 2- C) 3+ D) 3- E) 2+ Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 36) Aluminum forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 2+ B) 3- C) 1+ D) 3+ E) 1- Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 37) Fluorine forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 1- B) 1+ C) 2+ D) 3+ E) 3- Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 38) Iodine forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 7- B) 1+ C) 2- D) 2+ E) 1- Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 39) Oxygen forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 2- B) 2+ C) 3- D) 3+ E) 6+ Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 40) Sulfur forms an ion with a charge of _. A) 2+ B) 2- C) 3+ D) 6- E) 6+ Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 41) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from sodium and fluorine. A) NaF B) C) D) E) Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 42) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from magnesium and fluorine. A) B) MgF C) D) E) Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 43) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from magnesium and oxygen. A) B) MgO C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 44) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from aluminum and oxygen. A) AlO B) C) D) E) Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.7 45) The correct name for SrO is _. A) strontium oxide B) strontium hydroxide C) strontium peroxide D) strontium monoxide E) strontium dioxide Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 46) The correct name for is _. A) potassium sulfate B) potassium disulfide C) potassium bisulfide D) potassium sulfide E) dipotassium sulfate Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 47) The correct name for is _. A) aluminum oxide B) dialuminum oxide C) dialuminum trioxide D) aluminum hydroxide E) aluminum trioxide Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 48) The correct name for is _. A) hydrocalcium B) calcium dihydride C) calcium hydroxide D) calcium dihydroxide E) calcium hydride Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 49) The correct name for SO is _. A) sulfur oxide B) sulfur monoxide C) sulfoxide D) sulfate E) sulfite Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 50) The correct name for is _. A) carbon chloride B) carbon tetrachlorate C) carbon perchlorate D) carbon tetrachloride E) carbon chlorate Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 51) The correct name for is _. A) nitrous oxide B) nitrogen pentoxide C) dinitrogen pentoxide D) nitric oxide E) nitrogen oxide Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 52) The correct name for is _. A) carbonous acid B) hydrocarbonate C) carbonic acid D) carbohydrate E) carbohydric acid Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 53) The correct name for is _. A) sulfuric acid B) sulfurous acid C) hydrosulfuric acid D) hydrosulfic acid E) sulfur hydroxide Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 54) The correct name for is _. A) hydrochloric acid B) perchloric acid C) chloric acid D) chlorous acid E) hydrochlorous acid Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 55) The correct name for is _. A) perchloric acid B) chloric acid C) hypochlorous acid D) hypychloric acid E) chlorous acid Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 56) The correct name of the compound is _. A) sodium nitride B) sodium azide C) sodium trinitride D) sodium(III) nitride E) trisodium nitride Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 57) The formula of bromic acid is _. A) HBr B) C) HBrO D) E) Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 58) The correct formula for molybdenum(IV) hypochlorite is _. A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 59) The name of is _. A) potassium chloride B) phosphorus trichloride C) phosphorous(III) chloride D) monophosphorous trichloride E) trichloro potassium Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 60) The ions and form a salt with the formula _. A) B) C) D) E) Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 61) The correct formula of iron(III) bromide is _. A) B) C) FeBr D) E) Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 62) Element M reacts with fluorine to form an ionic compound with the formula . The M-ion has 18 electrons. Element M is _. A) P B) Sc C) Ar D) Ca E) Cr Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 63) Magnesium and sulfur form an ionic compound with the formula _. A) MgS B) C) D) E) Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 64) The formula of ammonium carbonate is _. A) B) C) D) E) Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 65) The formula of the chromate ion is _. A) B) C) D) E) Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 66) The formula of the carbonate ion is _. A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 67) The correct name for is _. A) magnesium chlorate B) manganese chlorate C) magnesium chloroxide D) magnesium perchlorate E) manganese perchlorate Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 68) What is the correct formula for ammonium sulfide? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 69) When calcium reacts with sulfur the compound formed is _. A) B) C) CaS D) E) Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 70) Chromium and chlorine form an ionic compound whose formula is. The name of this compound is _. A) chromium chlorine B) chromium(III) chloride C) monochromium trichloride D) chromium(III) trichloride E) chromic trichloride Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 71) The name of the binary compound is _. A) nitrogen oxide B) nitrous oxide C) nitrogen(IV) oxide D) dinitrogen tetroxide E) oxygen nitride Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 72) The formula for zinc phosphate is . What is the formula for cadmium arsenate? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 73) The formula for aluminum hydroxide is _. A) AlOH B) C) D) E) Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 74) The name of the ionic compound is _. A) potassium perbromate B) potassium bromate C) potassium hypobromate D) potassium perbromite E) potassium bromide Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 75) The name of the ionic compound is _. A) vanadium(III) oxide B) vanadium oxide C) vanadium(II) oxide D) vanadium(III) trioxide E) divanadium trioxide Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 76) The name of the ionic compound is _. A) nitrogen hydrogen cyanate B) ammonium carbonitride C) ammonium cyanide D) ammonium hydrogen cyanate E) cyanonitride Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 77) The name of the ionic compound is _. A) ammonium phosphate B) nitrogen hydrogen phosphate C) tetrammonium phosphate D) ammonia phosphide E) triammonium phosphate Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 78) What is the formula for perchloric acid? A) HClO B) C) D) E) HCl Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 79) The correct name for is _. A) hypoiodic acid B) hydriodic acid C) periodous acid D) iodous acid E) periodic acid Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.8 80) What is the molecular formula for propane? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.9 81) What is the molecular formula for nonane? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.9 82) What is the molecular formula for heptane? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.9 83) What is the molecular formula for n-hexanol? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.9 2.2 Multiple-Choice Questions1) A molecule of water contains hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:8 ratio by mass. This is a statement of _. A) the law of multiple proportions B) the law of constant composition C) the law of conservation of mass D) the law of conservation of energy E) none of the above Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1 2) Which one of the following is not one of the postulates of Daltons atomic theory? A) Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. B) All atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are different and have different properties. C) Atoms of an element are not changed into different types of atoms by chemical reactions: atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. D) Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms. E) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1 3) Consider the following selected postulates of Daltons atomic theory:(i)Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.(ii)Atoms are indivisible.(iii)Atoms of a given element are identical.(iv)Atoms of different elements are different and have different properties.Which of the postulates is(are) no longer considered valid? A) (i) and (ii) B) (ii) only C) (ii) and (iii) D) (iii) only E) (iii) and (iv) Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1 4) Which pair of substances could be used to illustrate the law of multiple proportions? A) B) C) D) E) NaCl, KCl Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.1 5) Which one of the following is not true concerning cathode rays? A) They originate from the negative electrode. B) They travel in straight lines in the absence of electric or magnetic fields. C) They impart a negative charge to metals exposed to them. D) They are made up of electrons. E) The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted. Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2 6) The charge on an electron was determined in the _. A) cathode ray tube, by J. J. Thompson B) Rutherford gold foil experiment C) Millikan oil drop experiment D) Dalton atomic theory E) atomic theory of matter Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2 7) _-rays consist of fast-moving electrons. A) Alpha B) Beta C) Gamma D) X E) none of the above Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2 8) The gold foil experiment performed in Rutherfords lab _. A) confirmed the plum-pudding model of the atom B) led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus C) was the basis for Thomsons model of the atom D) utilized the deflection of beta particles by gold foil E) proved the law of multiple proportions Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 2.2 9) In the Ru