资源描述
Unit 3Computers第一学时Reading and ComprehensionWorld Wide WebIf you watch TV，visit the mall，or do anything at all，youll have chances to see the three famous letters，WWW！So what does it all mean? What does it stand for?Well，in general，WWW stands for“World Wide Web”Most people confuse(使混乱；使困惑) the Internet with the World Wide Web.However, there is a difference.The Internet is made up of thousands of computers that are connected(连接；联合；关联)worldwide.WWW，or World Wide Web，is what your computer uses to check out the Internet.For example，your computer uses browsers(电脑浏览器)，such as Internet Explorer or Netscape to let you see and hear all the cool pictures，information，music and sounds on the Internet.Task 1仔细阅读课文“Who Am I？”根据课文内容选出最佳答案。 1When did the computer come into being?A1640. B1642.C1822. D1936.答案：B2Who really invented the computer?ACharles Babbage. BBill Gates.CAlan Turing. DThomas Edison.答案：C3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?ACharles Babbage built an analytical machine in 1642.BAlan Turing wrote a book about how the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem in 1936.CThe computers were first connected by a network in the late 1960s.DSince the 1960s the computer has been used to help with medical operations.答案：B4What can we infer from the text?AThe computer can take the place of humans.BThe smaller a computer is，the faster it calculates.CComputers can solve all the problems of human beings.DPeople can benefit more from computers in the future.答案：D5. What is the main idea of the text?AThe advantages of the computer.BThe latest development of the computer.CThe importance of the computer.DThe history of the computer.答案：DTask 2仔细阅读课文“Who Am I？”完成下列表格。In 1642The computer began as a 1.calculating machine in France.About 200 years laterThe computer was built as an 2.analytical machine.The computer was programmed by an operator using 3.cards_with_holes.In 1936A book about how to make a computer work as a “4.universal_machine ” was written by Alan Turing.From then on，the computer grew rapidly.From the 1940s to the 1970sThe computer was made smaller, and its 5.memory became better.The computer could memorize all the things it was told.During that time，the first PC and the first 6.laptop were made.In7.the_early_1960s Computers were connected by a work，and through 9.the_World_Wide_Web they could share knowledge and information with others.Since the 1970sMany new 10.applications have been found for computers.Task 3根据课文“Who Am I？”在下面空格中填上恰当的词语，使文章连贯完整。No one could recognize me 1.after I got my new transistors in 2.the 1960s.There were times when my size was 3.totally (total) changed.I became smaller and thinner but I got cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker.And my memory became so large 4.that I couldnt believe it! But I was always so lonely 5.standign (stand) there by myself.They gave me a family 6.connected (connect) by a network in the early 1960s.I could share information with 7.others and we could talk to each other.At about the same time we learned to talk to humans using BASIC.I was brought into peoples homes in the 1970s.Since then，my family and I 8.have_been_used (use) by billions of people to deal with information and communicate with each other around the world.I love being used to connect people 9.who arent close enough to speak to each other.I have truly been built to serve the human race 10.since my birth. 一、请将课文“Who Am I？”翻译成汉语，然后对照助读译文自主勘误助读译文：我是谁？ 经过一段时间我已经被改变了很多。1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算机器。尽管当时我还年轻，但是我能简化一些复杂的数学题。我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。在操作员用穿卡孔为我设计程序后，我能够进行逻辑“思考”，并且能够比任何人更快地算出答案。那时这被当作是一次技术革命，也是我“人工智能”的开始。在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。从那时起，我在体积和脑容量方面迅速成长。到20世纪40年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。但是，这个现实也使得我的设计者很担心。随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。自20世纪70年代以来，我一直被用在办公室和家庭里，先是用作个人电脑，后来又做成便携式。这些变化只有随着我的存储能力的不断提高才能成为可能。最初是被存储到电子管中，之后是晶体管上，后来是非常小的芯片上。因此，我已经完全改变了我的形状。随着我年龄越来越大，我也变得越来越小。随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！我的存储容量变得如此巨大，连我自己都不能相信！但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到20世纪60年代初，人们才给了我一个用网络联成的家庭。我能够通过万维网和其他人分享我的知识。从20世纪70年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。我在通信、金融和商业领域变得非常重要。我还被放在机器人里面，被用来制作移动手机，并且用来帮助做医疗手术。我还被放置在航空火箭里去探测月球和火星。不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。现在我充满了幸福感，因为我是人类忠实的朋友并时时给他们提供帮助。二、课文段落精选背诵(请注意名词的使用)Who Am IOver time I have been changed quite a lot.I began as a calculating_machine in_France_in 1642.Although I was young I could simplify difficult_sumsI developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.After I was programmed by an_operator who used cards with_holes,_I could “think” logically and produce an_answer quicker than any_personAt that time it was considered a technological_revolution and the start of my “artificial intelligence”第二学时Learning about Language一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1The development (develop) of the information technology was the greatest advance of the 20th century.2If you want to know about the hotel，you can call the operator (operate) to find out the information.3The boy is very clever and he shows high intelligence (intelligent) in study.4. Reality (real) is not the way you wish things to be but the way they actually are.5Bob is totally (total) different from his father，who is very tall.6They agreed to accept my application (apply) for joining their team.7His success in business brought happiness (happy)to his parents.8We will make a personal (person)visit to the students home.二、用下列短语的适当形式填空in common，go by，deal with，in a way，make up，with the help of，after all，watch over 1.There should be a lifeguard to watch_over you at all times.2Only then did they discover quite how much in_common they really had.3He made_up his mind not to stay there any longer.4. In_a_way，they are natural gene delivery vehicles.5As a fireman，he must be ready to deal_with the emergency.6The old man walked across the road slowly with_the_help_of a boy.7. After_all，thats what Fathers Day is all about.8All will go_by，and the future will be more wonderful.三、运用括号内的词组，将下列句子译成英语1老师给我们讲了一个这么有趣的故事，结果我们都忘记了时间。(so.that)答案：The teacher was telling us so interesting a story/such an interesting story that we all forgot the time.2. 我不知道如何处理这种情况。 (deal with)答案：I dont know how to deal with the situation.3史密斯夫妇共同拥有这家店。(in common)答案：Mr.and Mrs Smith own the store in common.4随着时间推移，我的记忆力似乎变差了。(go by)答案：As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse.5我想和你共度一生。(share with)答案：I want to share my life with you.第三学时Using LanguageReading, listening and speaking仔细阅读“Andythe Android”，然后根据课文内容选出最佳答案。1From the picture we can guess the passage is about _Aa football match between humansBa football match between androidsCa football match between humans and androidsDa basketball match between androids答案：B 2Whos Andy?AA dog. BA boy.CAn android. DA bird.答案：C3What is Andy good at?ARunning. BWalking.CPlaying football. DCalculating.答案：A4What part does Andy play on the team?AGoalkeeper. BBack.CStriker. DCenter.答案：C5Why can Andy play football like a human?ABecause he has computer chips.BBecause he is a human.CBecause his coach tells him.DBecause he is a real man.答案：APart AReading Aloud模仿朗读下面一段话，并注意语音语调。Andythe AndroidIm partof an android football team.About once a year/we are allowed to gettogether to play a game of football.Im as big asa human.In fact, I look like one too.On the football team Im a striker/so I have to be able to run very fast.My computer chips help me to move and think likea human.For example, I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language/to give me the ball/when I am open and havea good shot fora goal.Part BRole Play情景： Tom向Andy 询问有关信息。角色： Tom 和 Andy任务：请你和你的朋友分别扮演一个角色，根据中文提示提出问题，然后根据课文内容互相问答问题。Q1：安迪， 你在机器人足球队担任什么角色？ Q1：Andy，what do you do in your android football team?A1：Im a striker.Q2：机器人足球队多长时间参加一次比赛？Q2: How often does your team play a game of football?A2：About once a year.Q3：你们在西雅图的比赛中获得第几名？Q3：What place did you take in the Seattle Competition?A3：We took the second place.Q4：如果你们想获得第一名，需要做些什么改进呢？Q4：What do you need to improve if you want to take the first place?A4：I think we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence.Now we are determined to create an even better system.Q5：你现在最渴望做什么？为什么？Q5：What do you want to do most? Why? A5：I would like to play a game against a human team because I have been programmed to act just like a man.Part CRetelling请用自己的话复述课文，你可以参照上述问题及其答案。 关键词： striker中锋play a game 踢一场足球赛 take the second place获得亚军improve ones intelligence提高智能答案：Andy is a striker in an android football team.About once a year they are allowed to get together to play a game of football.Last year，they took the second place in the Seattle Competition.They think they should encourage their programmer to improve their intelligence if they hope to take the first place.Andy is looking forward to playing against a human team because he has been programmed to act just like a man. 一、单词拼写1You can disagree about them, and I personally (就本人而言) do, but they are great ideas that have made people think.2She could create (创造) a fight out of anything.3What you need is a drama coach (教练)4The birds also attack crops when the opportunity arises (出现)5Once you stop using your brain (头脑)you soon go stale.6There was a woman mopping (用拖把拖地)the stairs.7When he got bored he wandered (漫步)around the fair.二、根据课文内容填空Andy is part of an android football team.As a 1.striker (strike) on the football team, he can run very fast.His computer chips help 2.him to move and think like a human.Last year, his team competed 3.with another 4.one and won second place.He thought the team 5.that won first place cheated, and he wanted his 6.programmer (program) to improve his 7.intelligence，8.because he thought that they could work together to create 9.an even 10.better (good) system.三、在下列各句空格处填入适当的介词1. At that time it was considered to be impossible for man to walk on the moon.2From then on，I became more and more interested in computer.3. With time going，the river grew gradually in length and width.4. Since the 1970s，computers have been used in offices and homes.5Look! The robot looks like a real human!6My father was on/in the city basketball team.7Youd better make up for the lost time as quickly as possible.四、运用所学的语言基础知识，完成下列短文1. With_the_help_of (在的帮助下) science and technology, 2.human_race (人类) are now living a much happier life than before.Take the invention of the computer for example.It not only helps us 3.solve (解决) difficult mathematical problems to save time, but we can also 4.type (输入) any material or information into our computer to communicate with our teammates on our business by the network.Besides, it can take the place of us to 5.deal/do_with (处理) many dangerous situations under the control of the programmers.6.In_a_way (在某种程度上), their advantages are over humans, and this is why people create some robots with 7.artificial_intelligence (人工智能) to help us human beings.However, some people are worried that dangerous problems will 8.arise_from (从出现) over usage of hightech.Personally speaking, I disagree with it.9.Anyhow (无论如何), the technology can 10.make_up_for (弥补) our shortcomings and help us do lots of things.If not, why create and develop them?第四学时Grammar观察领悟观察领悟下列句子，找出其规律。1Till now，three films have been shown in that small village this month.2That book has been said to have translated into at least 20 foreign languages.3Toms novel has been published.4The plan has been studied by the experts for four times.5Two cars have been repaired for three hours.6My letter has been received by him.7The house has been cleaned.8The door has been locked.自我总结以上句中使用了现在完成时的被动语态；其谓语动词的构成为_。一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成肯定式主语have/has been done.否定式主语have/has not been done.一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.？特殊疑问式疑问词have/has主语been done.？The city has been swept through by heat wave recently.最近炎热横扫了这座城市。His work has not been finished.他的工作尚未完成。Have the new booking systems for tickets been used?新的订票制度已在使用中了吗？二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，since.，before.等连用。The doctor hasnt been sent for yet.还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)2表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long.？句型中。The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意以下几点1现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即have/has 和 been，两者缺一不可。2与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系。This novel was finished last year.这部小说是去年写的。This novel has been finished.这部小说已经完成了。3一些特殊动词，如：borrow，finish，begin，buy，start，return，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。4用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时要完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。You can go home as soon as your task has been finished.你的任务一完成就可以回家。一、用所给单词的正确时态和语态填空1I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I have_been_told (tell) that they wash well.2Shakespeares play Hamlet has_been_made (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.3With the introduction of digital equipment，a growing audience has_been_brought (bring) back to the cinema in the past years.4In the past twelve months the research members have_studied (study) the effectiveness of many materials in a home building.5When will the expert come and give the lecture on intellectual property?Not until our program has_been_approved (approve) by the authorities.6Why do you look so worried?My computer broke down and my essay has_been_left (leave) unfinished since.7Will you lend me some paper?Sorry，mine has_run (run) out.8In the fast few centuries，the lighthouses along North Carolinas coast have_been_recognized (recognize) as signs of safety for travelers at sea.9When she returned home，Rose found her computer had_been_removed (remove) and she was very confused.10Weve been told the good news，but when and where to go for the exciting vacation has_not_been_discussed (discuss) yet.二、翻译下列句子1好吃的面包已经售完了。答案：The bread tasting very good has been sold out.2会议何时何地举行还没有决定。答案：When and where the meeting will be held hasnt been decided.3迄今为止，这本书已经被翻译成多种语言吗？答案：Has the book been translated into many languages so far?4伤者已被送到哪家医院？答案：Which hospital have the injured been sent to?5这个重要的问题已经被讨论将近两周了。答案：The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.三、语法填空AGreat changes 1.have_taken_place(take place) in my hometown in the past decades.The public facilities 2.have_been_greatly_improved(greatly，improve). The roads 3.have_been_widened(widen) and more bridges 4.have_been_built(build)More attention 5.has_been_given(give) to the environment protection，so many trees and flowers 6.have_been_planted(plant) in the city.The water in the rivers and lakes as well as the air 7.has_become(become) clean again.As many people say，it seems that we are now living in a “big park”Of course，life of us 8.is_getting(get) better and better.BFishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.Though the stories told by seamen have often 1.been_laughed(laugh) at，it is now known that many of these “monsters” which have at times 2.been_sighted(sight) are simply strange fish.Occasionally，unusual creatures 3.are_washed(wash) to the shore，but they are rarely caught out at sea.Some time ago，however，a peculiar fish which was over thirteen feet long 4.was_caught(catch) near Madagascar.It had a head like a horse，big blue eyes，shining silver skin，and a bright red tail.The fish，which 5.has_been_sent(send) to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist，6.is_called(call) an oarfish.Such creatures have rarely 7.been_seen(see) alive by man 8.as/becausethey live at a 9.depth(deep) of six hundred feet.四、单句改错1The computer has put into a robot by them.答案：has puthas been put2The work has been finish by us now.答案：finishfinished3The child have been given some interesting books by him.答案：havehas4Has the book been returned by they yet?答案：theythem5Over time，I have been changed a lot of by people.答案：删除 of第五学时Writing句型搭桥提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。1近来，高智商的机器人出现了。答案：Recently，high intelligent robots have arisen.2有些机器人会打字、发信号，甚至能处理一些重要的事情。答案：Some of robots can type, signal, and even deal with some important things.3在某种程度上说，电脑改变了我们的生活。答案：In a way, computers have changed our life.4许多学生对电脑如此着迷以至于在电脑上花费了太多的时间，导致部分学生在考试中失败。答案：Many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them.As a result, some of the students fail in the exams.5但无论如何电脑在我们的日常生活中起很重要的作用。答案：Anyhow, computers play an important part in our life.连句成篇可选用非限制定语从句，however等将以上句子连成一篇短文。答案：High intelligent robots have arisen recently, some of which can type, signal, and even deal with some important things.In a way, computers have changed our life.However, many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them.As a result, some of the students fail in the exams.Anyhow, computers play an important part in our life.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several year ago.Last year our team go to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We won second place.Personal, I think the team that won first place was cheated.They developed a new type of program just before the competition.So we need to encourage ours programmer to improve our intelligent too.We are determined to create a even better system.In a way our programmer is like our a coach.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watch human games.答案：My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several ago.Last year our team to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We won second place.， I think the team that won first place 2 cheated.They developed a new type of program just before the competition.So we need to encourage programmer to improve our too.We are determined to create even better system.In a way our programmer is like our a coach.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while human games.如何写想象性作文技巧点拨写好想象性作文，要做到以下几点：1观察生活，表现生活。观察周围事物，捕捉典型材料。只有仔细地观察生活，才能有想象的原材料。2明确中心，展开想象。以现实生活为依据，大胆想象。合理虚构，并准确表达自己的观点和看法。3想象美好，立意深刻。虚构合理的故事情节，让文章有完整性，生动性，可信性。4语言规范，表达地道。选用自己熟悉的词汇和句型来组织语言，如：will；probably；possibly；maybe；likely；may；Its possible/probable/likely that.常用句型With the development of science and.，our life will be.In the future more and more.will appear.This is the life that I am looking forward to.根据以下内容，通过合理想象，用“Our Future Life”为话题写一篇短文，展望一下未来的科技生活。1有些人可以到月球上度假。2有些科学家能在海底生活。3机器人为你做家务。注意：1.词数100左右。2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯Our Future Life答案：Sometimes I dream about what life will be like in the future.Perhaps some people will go to the moon for their holidays.Some scientists will live under the sea.Maybe videophones will be accessible to every family，by which we can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes.Besides，thanks to more educational programs on the radio or TV，children will study at home instead of going to school every day.What excites me most is that perhaps each family will have a robot in the future.It can assist us in doing the shopping，the housework and so on e
展开阅读全文