2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷92

2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题British scientists find that the nesting habits of 20 species of birds with the warming trend of the earths atmosphere.问题1选项A.conflictB.coincideC.adaptD.approve【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项conflict v.冲突，矛盾，斗争；B选项coincide v.致，符合，同时发生；C选项adapt v.适应于；D选项approve v.批准，赞成，满意。根据句意可知，英国科学家发现二十种鸟类的筑巢习惯与地球大气的温度上升趋势一致。因此，B项符合题意。2. 单选题Teenage lethargy is often due to lack of proper nutrients.问题1选项A.sluggishnessB.enthusiasmC.boredomD.energeticness【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。题目中lethargy表示“无精打采；昏睡；嗜眠症”。A选项为“萧条；惰性；无精打采”；B选项为“热情；热心”；C选项为“无聊；厌倦”；D选项为“积极；精力充沛”。由句意可知，青少年嗜睡常常是因为缺乏适当的营养。因此，A项符合题意。3. 单选题But for his help, I（）.问题1选项A.did not succeedB.had not succeededC.should not have succeededD.have not succeeded【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。But for表示“要不是”，引导含蓄虚拟语气。A选项did not succeed过去时；B选项had not succeeded过去完成时；C选项 should not have succeeded表示“原本不应该成功的，但却成功了”，表示虚拟语气；D选项have not succeeded现在完成时，因此C项为正确选项。4. 单选题Because there is evidence of severely harmful effects from chemical dumps, the government has_tougher clean-up measures.问题1选项A.imposedB.impulsedC.implementedD.incorporated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项imposed v.强加，征税，以欺骗；B选项impulsed v.推动；C选项implemented v.实施，执行；D选项incorporated v. 吸收，合并，包含。根据句意可知，有证据表明化学排污引起严重危害，因此，政府已经实施了严厉的清理方案。因此，C项符合题意。5. 单选题When preparing a diet, a person should be aware that vitamin D acts to increase the amount of calcium absorbed by the body.问题1选项A.schedule of exerciseB.nutritional planC.study of longevityD.medicinal chart【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。题目中diet表示“饮食，规定饮食”；A选项为“锻炼日程”；B选项为“营养计划”； C选项为“长寿研宄”；D选项为“药用图表，药纸”。句意：在安排饮食时，个人应该注意维他命D的作用是增加人体对钙的吸收。因此，B项为正确答案。6. 翻译题Translate the following passage into Chinese.Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separated, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times. Books influence each other; they link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families. Wherever you start reading you connect yourself with one of the families of ideas, and in the long run, you not only find out about the world and the people in it; you find out about yourself, too.Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on a book that means something to you, and relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you wont have suffered during the process.【答案】每本书彼此独立，就像一个个独户住宅，而图书馆里的藏书就好像城市里的千家万户。尽管它们相互独立，但只有互相联系才有意义，家家户户彼此相连，城市与城市彼此相依。相同或相似的思想在不同地方涌现。在生活中重复出现的问题也会在文学作品反复出现，但因时代与作品的差异，解决对策也会有所不同。书籍之间也会互相影响，它们联系着过去、现在和将来，并且如同家庭一样也会世代延续。无论从哪里开始阅读，你都会将自己和一个家族的思想联系在一起，长远来看，你不仅能发现这个世界和里面的人，也能在其中发现自我。阅读只有在你期望它有趣时才会真的有趣。如果你专注于一本对你有特殊意义的书，并且乐在其中，那么你就会体验一段美妙的时光如果你因为阅读而变得更加善良、聪明、随和或是优雅，那么你就会享受阅读的过程。7. 单选题The customs inspector was _for smugglers.问题1选项A.on the guardB.on the watchC.on watchD.on alert【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项搭配不正确，应为on guard“站岗，警惕，提防”；B选项on the watch“留神，守候，注意”；C选项on watch“值班，放哨，监视”；D选项on alert“提防着，警惕着”。根据The customs inspector（海关稽查员）与smugglers（走私者）可知B选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：海关稽查员在密切关注着走私者。8. 单选题We should always keep in mind that（）decisions often lead to bitter regrets.问题1选项A.urgentB.hastyC.instantD.prompt【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的；B选项hasty adj.轻率的，草率的，匆忙的；C选项 instant adj.立即的，紧迫的；D选项prompt adj.敏捷的，迅速的。句意：我们必须谨记仓促的决定常常会导致痛苦的悔恨。因此本题选择B项。9. 单选题They have a reciprocal loathing for each other.问题1选项A.a slight trustingB.a deep motivatingC.a mutual disgustD.a lasting fight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项a slight trusting轻微的信任；B选项a deep motivating深刻的激励；C选项 a mutual disgust相互间厌恶；D选项a lasting fight持久的斗争。根据句意可知：他们都很厌恶对方，因此选择C选项。10. 单选题The old lady has developed a_cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time.问题1选项A.perpetualB.permanentC.chronicD.sustainable【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项perpetual“永久的”；B选项permanent“永恒的，持续的，长久的”；C选项chronic“(尤指疾病) 长期的，慢性的，难以治愈的”；D选项sustainable“可持续的”。根据cannot be cured completely in a short time可知这位老太太患的是慢性咳嗽，因此选C。句意：老太太患了慢性咳嗽，短时间内不能完全治愈。11. 单选题The show culminated in the presentation of the dairy princess crown.问题1选项A.beganB.includedC.endedD.cultivated【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。题目中culminate表示“使结束，达到极点，达到高潮”；A选项为“开始”；B选项为“包括，包含”；C选项为“结束；终止”；D选项为“培养；栽培”。根据句意可知，表演因乳品公主皇冠的介绍而达到高潮，因此C项为正确答案。12. 单选题You will have to change your of life now that you have got a baby.问题1选项A.modeB.moundC.moodD.form【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项mode n.模式，方式，风格；B选项mound n. 高地；土堆；土丘；C选项mood n.语气，情绪，心境；D选项form n.形式，形态，模式，表格。根据句意，现在有了孩子就应该改变自己的生活方式。因此正确答案为A 选项。13. 单选题If only the patient_a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.问题1选项A.had receivedB.receivedC.should receiveD.were receiving【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据if only 与he might still be alive now可知从句是对过去的虚拟，对过去情况的假设用过去完成时，因此选A。句意：如果病人接受不同的治疗而不是使用抗生素，他现在可能还活着。14. 单选题If you（）care to see the pictures, Ill bring them round some evening.问题1选项A.shouldB.wouldC.willD.can【答案】B【解析】考查if引导的真实条件句，主句应该用现在时。情态动词结构“would you care to.”表示“（礼貌问语）您喜欢，您愿意”，是一种委婉征求意见的方式。因此，排除其他选项，本题正确答案为B项。15. 单选题I understand preparation that staff must put in under pressure oto meet the deadline.问题1选项A.more than the enormous amount ofB.better than most the enormous number ofC.better than most the enormous amount ofD.fewer than the number of【答案】C【解析】考查常用表达。understand better than表示“对非常理解”。A选项more than the enormous amount of 比大多数多；B选项better than most the enormous number of 比大多数好，后接可数名词；C选项better than most the enormous amount of比大多数好，后接不可数名词；D选项fewer than the number of 比数量少；其中，preparation是不可数名词，故本题正确答案为C项。16. 单选题The lawyer promised to go to great to defend him.问题1选项A.lengthsB.measuresC.effortsD.endeavors【答案】A【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项lengths n.长度（指距离，时间）；B选项measures n.方法，对策；C选项efforts n.努力；D选项endeavor n.努力，尽力。go to great lengths 表示“竭尽全力；不遗余力”，因此，正确答案是A项。句意：律师向他保证会竭尽全力为他辩护。17. 单选题I cant go for one thing, I have no money, and_, I have too much work.问题1选项A.whats moreB.as wellC.for anotherD.in addition【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。for one thing.for another表示“一方面另一方面”，为固定搭配。句意：我不能去，一方面，我没有钱，另一方面，我有太多的工作。18. 单选题On the stage many pieces of blue silk were fluctuated to（）the sea waves问题1选项A.simplifyB.simulateC.stimulateD.signify【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项simplify v.简化，使简易；B选项simulate v.模仿，假装，冒充；C选项stimulate v.刺激，鼓舞，激发；D选项signify v.表示，意味着。句意：在舞台上，许多舞动着的蓝丝绸模拟出了海浪的景象。根据句意，本题选择B项正确。19. 单选题Her dairy was full of the insignificant, happy daily that had made up her life.问题1选项A.pursuitsB.triflesC.trivialD.premise【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项pursuits n.追求；B选项trifles n.琐事，鸡毛蒜皮的；C选项trivial adj.不重要的，琐碎的；D选项premise n.假定，前提。根据句意可知，她的日记中记载着许多微不足道却又快乐的生活琐事。因此，正确答案为B项。20. 单选题When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were_by its complicated traffic system.问题1选项A.precludedB.bewilderedC.divertedD.expired【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项preclude“排出，消除，妨碍”；B选项bewilder“使迷惑”；C选项divert“使转移”；D选项expire“期满”。根据the first time和complicated traffic system可知B选项符合语义。句意：当农民们第一次参观这座城市时，他们被它复杂的交通系统弄糊涂了。