高三状语从句教师版张娜.doc

高三英语语法复习学案-状语从句Edited by Sherry Improved by CatherineStep 1 Preparation before class 1. 什么是状语从句？ 2. 它和定语从句，名词性从句有什么区别？3. 状语从句有哪些种类？ 4. 状语从句有哪些连接词?5. 有没有固定的句式？ 6. 状语从句中的省略是怎么回事？Step 2 Display and discussion 状语从句的定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。从句通常由一个连词引起，也可以由一个起连词作用的词组引起。分类：时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句Step 3 Guidance and activities I 连接词的选择1时间状语从句 when (whenever) while as when 1.从句为短暂性动词或延续性动词 = while /as It was raining when we arrived.When we were at school, we went to the library every day 2. 在这时在那时= at that moment was/were doingwhen（正在做突然） was/were about to dowhen（刚要做突然）was/were on the point of doingwhen(刚要做突然) had just donewhen.(刚一就)We were watching TV_ suddenly the lights went out. whenI had been puzzled over the problems for over an hour without any result_ all at once a solution flashed across my mind. when 3. 固定句型 when it comes to .Doing your homework is a way to improve your test scores and this is especially true when it comes to learning English. while 1.从句为延续性动词，在。期间-Im going to the post office. _you are there, can you get me some stamps? While 2. 表示转折和对比关系She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact, I was talking about my daughter. 3.固定用法 Strike while the iron is hot. 4. 用在句首表“尽管”as 1. 强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生,译为“随着”“一边， 一边” As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer练一练1.- Im green at everything . - Dont worry. _ you get older, you get more experience . A. When B. Till C. As D. while 2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill especially _Father was away in France .A. as B. that C. during D. if 5. a) -“May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” -“No, you cant go out _your work is being done.”A. before B. untilC. as D. the momentb) -“ Shall Mary come and play computer games?” -“ No, _ she has finished her homework.”A. when B. since C. unless D. as soon as6.a) _ time goes on, he becomes more and more famous. Cb) _ time going on, he becomes more and more famous. A A. With B. Since C. As D. Whilebefore after1.还没来得及就.Before I could get in a word, the tailor had measured me.(还没来得及就) 2. 宁愿， 而不 He would die before he gives in.3. 在。之前 Counter measures(相应的措施) must be taken before things are getting worse. 4.趁还没就Please write it down before you forget it.5. it 句型It was a week before he could tell his story. It will be a long time _ we can see them again.since（ever since）1.Ever since they got married in 1950, they have lived happily. 2. 用于it 句型 It is just a week since we arrived here. 译： _ .我们到这已经有一周了。Tom is now working on the farm. Its two years since he was a college student._译：_ 他不是大学生/大学毕业已经2年了 总结: since引导的从句中如果是延续性动词，表示_. 不。 until (till) “直到为止” 1. He waited until / till we finished our meal.他一直等到我们吃完饭。 People do not know the value of their health till/ until /before they lose it. I could hardly understand the theory until my teacher explained it to me.总结: 主句动词为延续性动词时必须用 _ 句。肯定句？ 否定句中，动词为短暂性动词。2. 当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序Not until she came back did I leave. = I didnt leave until she came back.3.强调句型 It was not until + 时间点 / 句子 that sb did It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.It 句型汇总It was (not) _ before sb did sth It will (not) _ before sb do sth It was not until _ that sb did It has been / is _ since sb did sth It be _ when It be +介词+_ that 练一练1. -Did Jack come back last night ? - Yes. It was not yet 8 oclock _ he arrived home. when2. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester . when3. How long do you suppose it was _he arrived there. Before 4. It was a fortnight _ he gave me a phone call . before5. It was some time later_ we realized the truth.that6. It was not until he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry. That 7. That was really a splendid evening. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. since B. when C. that D. until E. before 8. It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we has a lot in common.A was until; when B was until; that C wasnt until; when D wasnt until, that表示“一- 就-”“四the moment, the minute, the second , the instant三immediately, directly, instantly二hardly/scarcely.when /before, no sooner than一as soon as , , ,”Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.She rushed into the room immediately / the moment she heard the noise.We had hardly/scarcely got into the country when it began to rain.=_Hardly had we got into the country when it _（部分倒装）He had no sooner come home than she started complaining.=_No sooner had he come home than she_(部分倒装)表示习惯性、经常性each/every time，whenever. *the first time, the last time, next time, by the time, Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每当我们遇上困难的时候他们就来帮我们Every time I went to his house, he was out.我每次去他家，他都出去了。He left me a good impression the first time I met him. Next time you see him, you will be surprised. Every time you visit him, he is always busy. By the time he was 14, he had already taught himself advanced mathematics. By the time he arrives, we will have finished the work.时间状语从句练一练1. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? - Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. after B. unless C. until D. when2.- How long is it _ you picked up your badminton training . - It was not until my finance became better last December _ I started the training .A. before; when B. until; that C. that ; when D. since ; that 3. - _ when has the country been open to international trade - 1978, I suppose . A. Since B In C. From D. After 4.I had just got up and was about to cook my breakfast _ the telephone rang loudly , but it hung up _ I could answer it . A. when ; before B. while ; before C. when ; until D. as ; after 6. -Havent seen you for ages ! Do you still work in Guangzhou? _. Its two years since I worked there .A.Yes, I have B. Yes ,I do C. No , I havent D. No ,I dont7.A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the storyAwhen Bunless Cafter Duntil8. He made a mistake，but then he corrected the situation _ it got worseA until B when C before D as9. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her？ -Yes，I gave it to her _ I saw herAwhile B the moment Csuddenly D Once10.- Have you been acquainted with each other for long? - Not very long, _we started to work in the company.A after B before C when D since11. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.A. He hardly hadB. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had12. Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break _she got to her officeAsince Bthat Cwhen Duntil13. _ our national football team lost the game to a weak team as Syria by 2 to 3, I held no doubt about the new coachs ability. A. Until B. By the time C .Unless D. After2条件状语从句常见的从属连词有：if, unless, as/so long as , as/so far as, on condition that , in case(万一) , once, suppose, supposing，provided(that) , providing (that)1 I would appreciate it _ you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment if2.Leave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day. In case3. You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfwayA even if B as though Cas long as Dunless4. In this world there is no short cut to take. Everyone, no matter how clever he is, cant achieve success, _ he works hard. A as long as B even though C unless D although5. No matter how many adults use the language, _ it isnt passed to the next generation, it cannot survive.A if B even though C as D as far as6. _ you understand this rule, youll have no further difficulty. A Once B Unless C While D Until7. -We ve decided to visit our mother school this afternoon.Are you going with us ? - Well ,_ you are going ,so will I . A. when B. since C. if D. while 3原因状语从句表示原因的状语从句可以由as（由于）,because(因为), since, when （既然）,now (that) (既然), for (由于)considering that（顾及到）, allowing for, seeing that（由于）,in that , 等连词引导：because语气最强 在回答why的问句时；在用于强调句型时；for的语气不及because, since, as强，为并列连词，引导的分句常放在主句之后，为推断和预测提供理由，或对前一分句进行补充和解释对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时 Its morning now, for the birds are singing.as, since表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，。Since (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.Now that/Since you are all here, lets try and reach a decision. As she was ill, she didnt come to the party. 1_youve got a chance，you might as well make full use of itANow that BAfter C Although DAs soon as2 We had better hurry _ it is getting dark Aand Bbut Cas Dunless3 -Could I take a few days leave, sir ? - Im afraid you cant _the work is being done.A as B until C before D after4 _; we had to put the meeting off. A Because the manager was ill B The manager was ill C The manager being ill D Being ill5.How can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen in class? A when B as C unless D because4让步状语从句让步状语从句由although， though, however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever , wherever, whether, no matter (who, what, where, when) , even if, even though，如：However late/No matter how late he is, his family will wait for him to have dinner together.Whether it is fine or not, I will go boating Child as he is, he knows a lot. Try as she might, Caroline couldnt get the door open. Much as I have traveled, I havent seen anyone who was as capable as John.though还可以用作副词，放在句末。It was hard work;I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.1-Dad，Ive finished my assignment -Good，and _ you play or watch TV，you mustnt disturb meAwhenever Bwhether Cwhatever Dno matter2. _ , the students remain optimistic and try hard to achieve their goals. A. As they are faced with fierce pressure B. As fierce pressure that they are faced withC. Fierce as they are faced with pressure D. Faced with fierce pressure as they are3._ we admit that there are still some problems about NMET, we dont mean that it is of no use.A Until B While C As D Unless4. Strict _ she is with her students, sometimes a bit cruel, she is loved and respected by her students.A although B even though C despite D as5.- What should I wear to attend the party? a) -Dress _you like. Its an ordinary get-together. B b)-Wear _ you like. Its an ordinary get-together CA. what B. however C. whatever D. how6. a) If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ great it is. B how b) If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. C however c) If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ difficulty it is. D.whatever d) If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ difficulty it is. A. whatA. what B. how C. however D. whatever7.John seems a nice person; _ , I dont trust him. A. Even so B Even if C. Even though D. Even that 5地点状语从句常见的从属连词有：where, wherever等。 Where there is a will, there is a way. Youd better make a mark where you have any questions. Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.1. In hot summer weathers an old tyre can break again easily _it was mended.Awhen Beven if Cwhere Dif2. If you want to do the experiment again, youd better be more careful _ you made a mistake.A how B when C there D where3. The photo was taken _ stood the famous high tower. A.at which B. there C. at what D. where 4. Although he know little about the large amount of work done in the field , he succeed _ other well-informed experts failed. A. in that B. in what C. where D. which 6比较状语从句常见的从属连词有：asas, not so (as)as, than, the more the more , the same .as 等。(1)在表达倍数时，可用三种句型：1)A倍数比较级than B 如：This building is twice taller than that one2)A倍数as原级asB 如：This building is three times as tall as that one3)A倍数the size(height, weight, length etc) of B 如：This building is three times the size of that one4)A+倍数+what The city is three times what it was 30 years ago.(2) 句型变式： 倍数more名词than 倍数as many/much 名词as1. Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.2. It is reported that the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole of Europe.3 As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, the more equipped for life you are.4. I paid only 5 pounds for the book , _ I expected it would cost . A. not as many as B. not so much as C. cheaper than D. not so expensive 5. Though she is very busy , art has always been _ her work.A. as a part of her life much as B. as much a part of her life as C. as much as a part of her life D. so much as a part of her life as 6.Making a nice home and securing a good future for your family is _ as pursuing any career success . A. as much a mission B. as a much mission C. a mission as much D. a as much mission7方式状语从句常见的从属连词有：as , as if / though 等Do in Rome as the Romans do.入乡随俗。 Leave things as they are.让一切顺其自然。1. He talks about the moon as if he had been there(从句动作先发生)2. She treated the boy as if he were/was her own child(主从句动作同时发生)3 John plays football _，if not better than，DavidAas well Bas well as Cso well Dso well as4. Some students dont know this language point _ I hadnt taught them at all.A even if B as to C as for D as if8目的状语从句常见的从属连词有：so that, that, in order that，in case (以免), for fear that，lest,目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词can, could, may, might, should连用1 Lets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.。2 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.3 He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.（该从句中一般用情态动词should+动词原形，或省略should）4 Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first the next morningA so that B because C before D or else9结果状语从句常见的从属连词有：sothat, suchthat , so that等。如：He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.注意：so + 形容词/副词 + a + 名词 + that从句；such +名词 + that从句。so many, much, few, little(少)+ 不可数名词或可数名词复数 that 结果状语从句such + adj + 不可数名词 可数名词复数I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块紫一块He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。I had so little money then that I couldnt afford a little present.我当时囊中羞涩连一份小小礼物都买不起1 We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets A a rush so anxious B a such anxious rush C so an anxious rush D such an anxious rush2 Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. A as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that3 She was so angry at all that he was doing _ she walked out, and closed the door.A that B what C as D which4. The article is written in such easy English_ all of us can read it. A.that The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read. C. asA. that B. which C. as D. so that 5. My English teachers humor was _ make every student burst into laughter.A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that6 that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.A.So successful her business wasB. So successful was her businessC So her business was successfulD. So was her successful business7 _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further researchA. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curiousII 状语从句的省略 当时间、条件、让步、方式和比较状语从句的主语与主句一致且谓语动词含be动词时，从句中的主语和谓语可以一起省去. 于是构成结构：连接词+ adj / adv / doing /to do / done 或if necessary, if possible, when necessary，if any, if ever, if so ,if notDont speak until spoken to. I have no money. If any, I will lend you some. ( 省略了there is)Some flowers shut up at night as if to sleep1. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ regularly, can improve our health.A being carried out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out2. - Who would be responsible for the accident?- The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order_.A. as told B as are told C as telling D as they told3. When _different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similar tiesA comparing B being compared C compared D having comparedIII 状语从句的时态和陈述语序：1.a) Please give the message to him when you_.A. see him B. will see him C. saw him D. are going to see him b) As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him.A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come2.When Alice came to herself, she did not know how long she _. A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 3.If you dont like the drink you _ ,just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered 4.- How do you usually go to work ? - If it is fine, I _ on foot.A will go B go C have gone C wont go5. 08北京）No decision will be made about any future appointment until all the candidates _ interviewed.A. have been B. are C. will be D. will have beenStep 4 Consolidation and feedbackIV状语从句强化练习：1. Good news! We didnt spend _ we had expected.A as half much money as B much money as half as C as much money as half D half as much money as2 - You wont go to Marys wedding party, will you? - Yes_ invited to.A even if B if C unless D though3. Once _, everyone taking the examination will be given test papers.A seated B seating C being seated D having seated4. Tourism, _ it brings in money to a country, can also result in damage to the World Heritage sites there.A because B as C while D since5It is _work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.A. so unusual B. such an unusual C. so unusual D. such unusual6. -. Have you been to the Great Wall ? - Perhaps not. _ , it might have been during my early childhood. A. If not B. If so C. If ever D. If any 7. The house rent is _ higher. I get about half the space I had at home but Ill have to pay _here.A far less; as much as B far more; much as three timesC little; three times as much D much ; three times as much8 Though he started late, Mr. Guo played the piano as well as, if _ , Miss Liu.A not better than B not better C no better than D no better9. _ he got the news, Mr. Mathews hurried out of his house and _his car, drove all the way to town.A When; started B T