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Module 1 British English and American English教材分析I. 教学内容分析必修5是NSE教材必修系列的最后一册，是高中英语第一轮最后阶段的内容，通过本书的学习，学生应该达到高中英语七级的要求。教师应该意识到本书实际上也是一个小节，应该做到前后联系，把握整体性，为学生下一阶段的学习打下坚实的基础。模块1的主题是British English and American English。要求学生能够认识和了解两者的区别和联系，理解英语的发展和它的多元性。并且能够表达自己对Varieties of English 的看法。本模块从四句名人名言开始，介绍了人们对于英式英语和美式英语之间关系的看法。Introduction 部分设计四则对于英式英语和美式英语关系的名人名言和一些问题帮助分析观点，另外通过两封E-mail让学生找出英式英语和美式英语的区别，所以极能激发学生的好奇心，达到导入整个模块的效果。Reading and Speaking是介绍英式英语和美式英语的区别的文章，分别介绍了两者在words, grammar, spelling, pronunciation方面的不同，并认为两者的区别并不影响沟通和交流。Vocabulary 部分学习英式英语和美式英语的词汇，进一步理解两者在词汇方面的区别。Grammar部分主要是复习两项语法项目：1. Present simple, present continuous, present perfect and future reference. 2. for and since with present perfectVocabulary and Listening部分第一部分设计一个pair work 探讨留学生的困难，从而引导学生说出语言沟通方面的难题。第二部分是通过选词填空复习常用词：ask, exist, happen, give, live, speak, talk 和think。第三部分是通过听一段美国留学生和英国留学生的对话了解两种英语的区别和共同点。Everyday English通过学习复习Vocabulary and Listening中的句子学会一些非常有用的日常生活用语：How are you getting on? I didnt get what people were saying. get used to, so far, Thats a good point. made a fuss of sb, cute, a couple of, pick up, wear off.Learning to learn 是关于学会利用因特网学习研究英语，对于提高学习策略水平有很大的帮助。Function介绍不同的方式介绍理由。Speaking and Writing集说话和写作于一体，培养的是学生语言综合运用的能力。首先是阅读一篇关于Varieties of English 的文章。其次根据表明你对British English, American English and World English的看法，选出你认为最好的英语并给出理由。最后用英语的思维写一篇介绍汉语的由来、内容、变体和发展的文章。Cultural Corner 通过阅读The Man Who Made Spelling Simple的文章，了解对美式英语有杰出贡献的诺亚韦伯斯特，从而进一步了解美式英语发展的历程，并且要求同学们做出关于简化汉语方面的思考。Task要求学生通过英特网学习两种英语在拼写和语法方面的区别，是对Learning to learn学习策略水平的一个体验。(一般来说，在每个模块的第一课时就明确任务是很有必要的，学生会在学习过程中完成任务。最后一个课时留给学生展示他们的成果，既达到了复习的效果，又让他们获得了学习的成就感。)Module File 归纳了本单元的重点词汇，语法知识，功能用语和日常用语，有利于学生的复习总结，自我检验和自学的能力。II. 教学重点和难点1. 教学重点(1) 本模块的生词和短语(2) Present simple, present continuous, present perfect and future reference. (3) for and since with present perfect(4) 了解英语和美语的区别，让学生学会比较，从而学会辨认不同类别的英语。2. 教学难点(1) 让学生找出英式英语和美式英语的区别(2) 学会利用因特网自主学习(3) 对世界英语采取开放和接受的态度，学好英语的同时进一步认识汉语，热爱我国的语言文化III教学计划经过对教材内容的分析和重组，本模块可以分六课时教授：第一课时 Speaking and Writing, Task, Introduction第二课时 Reading and Speaking (1) 第三课时 Reading and Speaking (2), Reading (Workbook) 第四课时 Vocabulary, Grammar, Function 第五课时 Vocabulary and Listening, Everyday English, Learning to learn第六课时 Cultural Corner, Workbook, Module FileIV教学步骤：Period 1 Speaking and Writing, Task, Introduction Teaching Goals: 1. To arouse Ss interest in learning about Varieties of English2. To develop Ss speaking and writing ability.3. Enable Ss to get some information about British English and American EnglishTeaching Procedures:Step 1 Leading-inPurpose: To activate Ss and arouse them to talk about varieties of English.Ask Ss to discuss the following question in group of four or five:How many varieties of English do you know？Suggested answers: British English, American English, Australian English and World English.Step 2 Speaking Purpose: To lead Ss to the topic of this classlearning about varieties of English. 1. Pair work: Get Ss to read the notes about varieties of English on P8 and decide which is the best variety of English to learn.2. Group work: Divide the whole class into three groups and get Ss to have a debate about which is the best variety of English to learn. Add some more ideas in favour of your chosen variety. After the debate, get Ss to vote for the variety of English they think is best to learn.3. Conclusion: English doesnt belong to one group of people, and we should learn English well to develop our country.Step 3 TaskPurpose: To help Ss know about the task of this module (task-based teaching).Enable Ss to understand the task of this module. After finishing this module, they will give a presentation of their task.Step 4 Introduction Purposes: l To get the main topic of this moduleBritish English and American Englishl To develop Ss reading and speaking abilityl To enable Ss to compare different things1. Question: What are the main varieties of English? Are they the same?Suggested answers: They are British English and American English. They are different in many aspects, such as accent, vocabulary and so on. 2. Pair work: Get Ss to read the quotations and answer the questions in Activity 1 on P1.Suggested answers:(1) The topic is the difference between British English and American English.(2) d is the most optimistic.(3) b is the most pessimistic.(4) In my opinion, b is very funny. Because communication is more and more important among the countries nowadays. Communication will bridge the gap between British English and American English.(5) d is good news for students of English.(6) a, b and c.(Oscar Wilde- Irish, Henry Sweet- English, George Bernard Shaw- Irish, Dave Sperling- American)3. Group work: Read the two emails in Activity 2 and discuss in group of four or six what the writer have in common.4. Individual work: Try to find the differences between each other decide which writer is American and give reasons.5. Whole class: Call back the answers of the whole class. And discuss the questions together.Suggested answers: The second writer is American. The reasons are following:British EnglishAmerican EnglishHi there MumHi MomprogrammeprogramTheatretheaterrealisedrealizewrite to mewrite meConclusion: British English and American English are different from each other, but maybe communication can bridge the gap between them.Step 5 Extension Purpose: To arouse Ss interest in learning about Reading and Speaking.Do you know any other difference between British English and American English? (They are different in words, grammar, spelling, and pronunciation.) If you are interested in the topic, tomorrow we will study another article about differences between British English and American English.Step 6 Homework1. Write a short composition to introduce the Chinese language according to Speaking and Writing.Sample：The Chinese LanguageMade of a large numbers of characters, language is the tool to express the humans emotion. The Chinese characters, the signs of the development of China, have a history of 5000 years.After leading Chinese to civilized age, they developed jumpily, gorgeously, and became providing much food for thought, as well as the change of China. Since Chinese created the writing system, the writing system also acts the guide of Chinese advance.Chinese is one of the worlds major languages. It is spoken by more than a billion people-one fifth of the worlds population, most of who live in the Peoples Republic of China. As a result of that there are many races in China; Chinese become various in different part of the country. Among the varieties of Chinese, the standard language is Mandarin which is often called in the west. Mandarin is widely used in Chinese dialects.Only half of the Chinese can speak in standard, showed in a study of 470,000 people last week. Only 66 percent of people in the cities can speak Mandarin. But only 45percent of people in the countryside can use it. The report also said that young people speak more and better than old people. People need to know Mandarin as it will help people understand each other better. (Written by Lily and Zou Haiying in Nanxiong Middle School; Directed by Amy Dong)2. Get on the line and find out more differences between British English and American English.Period 2 Reading and Speaking (1)Teaching Goals:1. To learn about more differences between British and American English and the development of English.2. To develop some basic reading skillsSkimming, and Scanning. 3. To deal with the new words in the text.Teaching Procedures:Step 1 Leading-inPurpose: To arouse Ss interest in learning about differences between British and American English. As Ss have got on the line and prepared something for more differences between British English and American English. Thats our homework. Ask them to share the information they have found and choose the best group. 1. Group work: How many differences have you found between British English and American English? And what are they? Please share the information you have found and try to make notes of them. 2. Team work (Competition): According to their seats, divide the whole class into three or four teams. Try to say more information about differences between British and American English in limited time. Your opinion must be different from other teams. The most is the best.Step 2. Pre-readingPurpose: To arouse Ss interest in learning about our first languageChinese.Pair work: Get Ss to answer the following questions in pairs.Q1. How many main varieties of Chinese are there?Q2. In what ways are they different?Q3.Do Chinese people from different regions have problems understanding each other?Q4.What will happen to Chinese in the future?Suggested answers:A1. There are eight main varieties, such as Mandarin, Cantonese, Minnan language, Gan language and so on. We divide the varieties into two kinds. One is Mandarin, and the other is dialect. The following map will help you get more information about the seven varieties of Chinese dialects. 1.北方话（简称：北语）：北京话为标准语（影响力强） 2.广东话（简称：粤语）：广州话为标准语（影响力强）3.江浙话（简称：吴语）：苏州话为标准语，今多以上海话为其代表。 4.福建话（简称：闽语）：厦门话为标准语，但影响力不强在国内一般，但在国外，特别是东南亚还是影响力挺大的5.湖南话（简称：湘语）：长沙话为标准语，影响力不强 6.江西话（简称：赣语）：南昌话为标准语 7.客家话（简称：客语）：梅县话为标准语，影响力比较强在广东省的梅州、河源客语区。其他地方或省份的客语区其影响力不强。A2. They are different in pronunciation, structure and vocabulary.A3. Yes, they do. People from different regions have different dialects. But if they speak Mandarin, they have no problem understanding each otherA4. In my opinion, with the development of China, more and more foreigners will learn Chinese, and Chinese will be widely used over the world. Of course, our Chinese will still study other countries language, especially English.Step 3. Reading1. ScanningPurpose: To get a brief understanding of the text. Ask the students to scan the text to find the differences between British English and American English. After scanning, they have to finish a form with the information they get from the passage.Differences inBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishTeacher can give an example of a blank.Suggested answers:Differences inBritish EnglishAmerican Englishvocabularyautomobile, freeway, gas, under ground, taxicar, high way, petrol, subway, cabtorch, queue upflashlight, stand in linechips (French fries on the other side of the Atlantic) 薯片chips (crisps called by the British)薯条grammarHave you got?Do you have?My friend has just arrived.My friend just arrived.in the team, at the weekendon the team, on the weekendSee you on Monday；write to me soon.See you Monday；write me soon.spellingcentre, colour, programmecenter, color, programpronunciationLondon accentGlasgow accentAccent on the east coast2. SkimmingPurpose: To get Ss to have some details in the text. 1: From the form, we have a clear image of the differences between British English and American English. So it is easy to find the examples of Activity 4. Suggested answers:(1) flashlight (car, high way, petrol, subway, cab )(2) torch (automobile, freeway, gas, under ground, taxi)(3) stand in line (on the team, on the weekend)(4) chips (5) Have you got? and Do you have? (6) programme and program (centre and center / color and colour)2: Read the text quickly for the second time and try to get some details from the text. Work in pairs and check the statements from the text of Activity 1. Suggested answers:(1) True. (2) Not true. (3) True. (4) Open. (5) Not true.3: Finish Activity 3 individually and check the answers together.Suggested answers:(1) b (2) b (3) c (4) b (5) b (6) b3. New words studying To deal with the new words in the text.Step 4 HomeworkTry to find the difficult sentences for you in the passage.Period 3 Reading and Speaking (2), Reading (Workbook P69) Teaching Goals:1. To develop a basic reading skillanalyzing the text. 2. To deal with the language points in the text.3. To learn about more differences between British and American English and the development of English.Teaching Procedures:Step 1 Leading-inPurpose: To review what we learnt last lesson and to develop a basic reading skillanalyzing the text.Ask the Ss to work in pairs and try to analyze the text. Several minutes later, ask some students to show their opinions.Suggested answers:The passage belongs to description. It is mainly about the differences between British and American English, and at the end of the text, shows some arguments about the development of English. We can divide the passage into two parts.Part 1 (the first four paragraphs) It is mainly about the differences between British and American English.Part 2 (the last heading Turn on the TV) It tells us the future of “Englishes” and shows some arguments about the development of English.Step 2 Group workPurpose: To train Ss listening ability and to deal with the language points in the text. Listen to the tape and deal with the language points in groups.Listen to the tape and follow it in a low voice. Then the students are divided into five groups. Each group is supposed to read through each heading, and then discuss them.Paragraph 1. 1. British and American English are different in many ways.英国英语与美国英语在很多方面是不同的。 in many ways 在很多方面Eg We make progress in many ways. 注意in way 在这里表示“在某方面”，请注意与表示“以某种方式”的in way区别：Eg Can you work out the problem in different ways? 2. on the other side of the Atlantic 在大西洋的另一边on the other side of 在一边Eg be on the same side of the fence3. prefer A to B 宁愿干，而不干还有其他的搭配：（1）prefer doing A to doing B （2）prefer to do A rather than B 4. get around到处走动, 传播出去 Eg When you are in Beijing, you should get around the hutong by tricycle. 相关词组：get around to抽出时间(做某事)；考虑(某事)Paragraph 2. 1. well known 出名= famous 要注意它们比较级和最高级的不同： well known- better known- best known famous- more famous- most famous 2. The British queue up; Americans stand in line.“排队”在英国英语中用queue up，在美国英语中用stand in line。 排队还可说成是：“stand in a queue”。注意“stand in line”词组中line前面没有冠词。插队：jump the queueParagraph 3.1 There are a few differences in grammar, too.它们在语法方面也有一些不同。 A and B are different in 在方面不同 A is/are different from B. A不同于B 2 compare A with B 把A和B做比较compare A to B 把A和B做比较；把A比喻成BEg My English cannot compare with his. A teachers work is often compared to a candle. 注意compare和contrast都含“相比”、“比较”的意思。compare常指为了找出两种事物或现象的异同点而进行比较。Eg If you compare Marxs works with Hegels, youll find many differences. contrast 指两者之间的“对照”、“对比”， 着重指“通过两种事物或现象的对比， 突出地指出它们的不同”。Eg contrast farm life with city life 对照一下城乡生活。 3 The British say Have you got? while Americans prefer Do you have?英国人说Have you got?而美国人更喜欢说Do you have?while经常用来表示对比，意思是“而”。Paragraph 4. 1 The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US.在美国东海岸能听到与英国英语非常相似的口音。（1）该句中most前面没有冠词，不表示最高级，是“非常，很”的意思。Its most necessary to bring a torch with us.。（2）be similar to 与相似相关词组：have something in common (with) (与)有共同之处have nothing in common (with) (与)没有共同之处Eg John has something/ nothing in common with his father. 区别于be familiar with 对熟悉 2 A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难“做某事有困难”的表达方法还有：have (no/ a little/ much/ great) difficulty/ trouble (in) doing something have a hard time (in) doing somethingEg I have (no/ a little/ much/ great) difficulty/ trouble (in) studying English.Paragraph 5.1 But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English但这也导致了大量美语单词和结构进入英国英语 lead to引起，导致,通向Eg The new evidence led to the thief being caught. 相关词组：lead somebody to do something 使某人做某事The failure led the students to study hard. 失败使同学们努力学习。2 turn on/ turn off/ turn up/ turn downturn on 打开（电视、点灯等）turn off 关掉（电灯、煤气、自来水、电视等）turn up开大（音量、亮光）；出现，露面；最后的结果是turn down（将收音机、灯等的音量、亮度）关小、调低；拒绝Step 3 Individual workPurpose: To have a deep understanding of the text. To learn about more differences between British and American English and the development of English.If you want to know whether an English person can understand American English or not, please turn to P69 of Workbook and read Karys diary and answer the questions.1 Where is she staying?2 Why is she there?3 What is the worst thing that happens to her?4 What is the best thing? Suggested answers: 1 She is staying at a very famous university called Princeton in America. 2 She wants to study American Literature. 3 Though Americans and British speak the same language, she was like a foreigner, not understanding American English well. 4 She was invited to a big party at the International Student Center and met lots of young people from all over the world. At last, she felt at home there and really happy. Step6 Homework1. Use the new words and expressions to make some sentences.2. Finish the following exercises on P70 of the workbook.Period 4Vocabularies, Grammar, FunctionTeaching Goals: 1. To enable Ss to master some new words and expressions2. To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point: subjectTeaching Procedures:Step 1 Lead-inPurpose: To activate Ss and arouse them to get more information about the vocabulary of British English and American English.1. Ask Ss to match the British and American words and phrases in the box individually, then check the answers together.Suggested answers:British EnglishAmerican Englishflatapartmentautumnfallliftelevatorground floorfirst floortorchflashlightrubbishgarbagepetrolgasholidayvacationqueue upstand in linelorrytruckpavementsidewalk2. Ask Ss to do this activity individually, then call back the answers from the whole class.Suggested answers:1) We like going on holiday in the autumn very much.2) You dont need to use the lift. Our flat is on the ground floor.3) Did you see that lorry come out of the petrol station?4) Pass me a torch, Eddie. I have lost my wallet.Step 2 Grammar 1. PresentationPurpose: To get Ss to know the teaching content of Grammar（1）一般现在时考点分析表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制）The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100oC.表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。Ice feels cold.We always care for each other and help each other.表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong 、seem等。如：I know what you mean.Smith owns a car and a house.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.Tomorrow is Wednesday. （2）现在进行时考点分析。表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时；表近期特定的安排或计划；go、come等起止动作可用进行时代替将来时。如：It is raining now.He is teaching English and learning Chinese.I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.We are leaving on Friday.At six I am bathing the baby.(I start bathing the baby before six.)The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always、often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩)下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。（A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like, love, hate, care, rememb
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