英语专四主谓一致习题.doc

1、Nothingbutcarsintheshop.A. issoldB. aresoldC. weresoldD. aregoingtosell2.NooneexceptJackandTomtheanswer.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.areknown3.Seventypercentofthestudentsinourschoolfromthecountryside.A.isB.areC.comesD.arecoming4、ofthemoneyusedup.A.Three-five,areB.Three-fifths,havebeenC.Three-fifths,hasbeenD.Third-fifths,is5.Thenumberofthepeoplewhocarsincreasing.A.owns,areB.owns,isC.own,isD.own,are6.OneofMarxsworkswritteninEnglishinthe1860s.A.wasB.wereC.wouldbeD.are7、Thesheetsforyourbedwashing.A. needsB. areneedingC. wantD. arewanting8.Oneachsideofthestreetalotoftrees.A.standsB.growC.isstandingD.aregrown9、Somepersoncallingforyouatthegate.A. areB. isC. isbeingD. willbe10.Allthatcanbeeateneatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen11、TomsteacherandfriendMr.Smith.A.areB.isC.arebeingD.has12.Yournewclothesfityou,butmineme.A.doesntfitB.dontfitC.doesntfitforD.dontfitfor13、NeitherhenorIfortheplan.A.amB.areC.isD.were14.Manyastudentthatmistakebefore.A.hasmadeB.havemadeC.hasbeenmadeD.hadmade15、Peter,perhapsJohn,playingwiththelittledog.A.isB.areC.wereD.seems16、Layingeggstheantqueensfull-timejob.A.isB.areC.hasD.have17.Betweenthetwobuildingsamonument.A.standB.standsC.standingD.isstanding18.I,whoyourgoodfriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrow.A.amB.isC.areD.was19、TheUnitedNations in1945.A. werefoundB.werefoundedC.wasfoundedD.wasfound20、 werealsoinvitedtotheparty.A.MrSmithB.TheSmithC.TheSmithsD.Smiths21、Theglassworksin1959.A.weresetupB.wassetupC.wereputupD.werebuilt22.Threehourswithyourgirlfriend tobeashorttime.A.seemB.seemsC.isseemingD.hasseemed23.Itwasreportedthatsix includingaboy.A.waskilledB.werekilledC.waskillingD.hadkilled24、Thepoliceaprisoner.A.issearchingforB.aresearchingforC.issearchingD.aresearchedfor25、Deerfasterthandogs.A.runB.runsC.arerunningD.willrun26、Thewounded goodcareofherenow.A.istakenB.arebeingtakenC.aretakingD.istaking27、Thewholeclassgreatlymovedathiswords.A.wasB.wereC.hadD.is28.Over80percentofthepopulationofChinapeasants.A.wasB.isC.areD.willbe29.There aknifeandforkonthetable.A.seemstobeB.seemtobeC.isseemingtobeD.are30、Thosewho singingmayjoinus.A. arelikingB.likesC.enjoyD.isfondof31、Hisfamilymusiclovers.A.allareB.areallC.isD.arebeing32.Aprofessorandawriterpresentatthemeeting.A.wasB.isC.wereD.hadbeen33、Thepairofshoes wornout.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen34.Thestudentsinourschooleach anEnglishdictionary.A.haveB.hasC.hadD.arehaving35.Morethanoneanswertothequestion.A.havebeengivenB.hasbeengivenC.weregivenD.hadgiven36.Theboysittingbythewindowistheonlyoneofthestudentswho romthecountrysideinourschool.A.areB.isC.wereD.was37、Ourfamilyahappyone.A.isB.areC.wasD.were38.Mostofthemistakes becauseofcarelessness.A.weremadeB.aremadeC.hasbeenmadeD.weremaking39Mostofhistimeinreadingnovels.A.arespentB.isspentC.werespentD.wasspending40、Therestofthenovelveryinteresting.A.wereB.areC.isD.seem41、Iknowthatallgettingonwellwithher.A.wasB.isC.areD.were42、Whenandwherethistookplacestillunknown.A.areB.wereC.isD.has43、Notonlytheworkersbutalsothemachinenotthere.A.areB.wereC.isD.has44、Veryfewhisaddressinthetown.A.knowsB.knowC.areknowingD.hasknown45、Tenthousanddollars alargesumofmoney.A.areB.isC.wereD.seem46、Twentymiles alongwaytocover.A.wereB.areC.isD.seemtobe47、Nineplusthree twelve.A.makesB.makeC.ismakingD.aremaking48.Therearetworoadsandeither tothestation.A.leadsB.leadC.areleadingD.isleading49.Myfather,togetherwithsomeofhisoldfriends, therealready.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.willbe50、MyfamilyaswellasI gladtoseeyou.A.amB.areC.isD.was【答案】:1、A因有连词but,所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致,用第三人称单数。见讲解4。2、B同上3、B见讲解2。4、C见讲解16。5、C定语从句看被修饰的先行词:thenumberof作主语用单数形式。见讲解9,19。6、A见讲解1。7、C见讲解2。8、B倒装句,要看后面的主语。见讲解3。9、Bsomeperson指某人是第三人称单数。见讲解13。10、B主语all指的是food,所以代不可数名词,是第三人称单数。见讲解13。11、BTomsteacherandfriend,因friend前没有冠词,所以实际指的是同一个人。见讲解5。12、B根据前一分句的意思,第二分句中的mine指的是mynewclothes,因此主语是复数。13、Aneithernor连接主语,动词与后面的主语保持一致。见讲解15。14、A见讲解6。15、A见讲解4。16、A见讲解1,动名词作主语。17、B倒装,见讲解3。18、A见讲解9。19、C见讲解11。20、C因谓语动词是复数,所主语应是复,TheSmiths是指史密斯一家人。21、Bworks在此句中是指工厂,所以是单数。22、B见讲解10。23、Bsix在这儿指的是人,因此用复数形式。24、B见讲解17。25、Adeer,sheep是单、复数同形,根据后面的dogs,前面的deer应是复数(单数前应有a)。26、B见讲解14。27、B见讲解12,因人才能受感动,所以thewholeclass是指全班的成员。28、C见讲解18。29、A见讲解5。刀、*是一副而论,所以看作单数。30、C见讲解9。31、B见讲解12。32、C见讲解4,注意与第11题比较。33、A因此句主语是pair,所以用单数。34、A因此句主语是thestudents,所以用复数。如果each作主语,谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式。如:Eachofthestudents/EachstudenthasanEnglishdictionary.35、B此句中的主语是oneanswer,所以谓语动词应与它保持一致。36、B根据句意,这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生,自然后面的定语从句的主语是单数,所以谓语动词用单数形式,又因主从句时态保持一致,故B是唯一正确答案。37、A见讲解12。38、A见讲解2。39、B见讲解16。40、C这部小说的剩余部分,还没超出一,用单数。41、C见讲解13,不定代词all在此句中代与她相处的人,所以是复数。42、C见讲解1,whenandwherethistookplace是一个从句。43、C见讲解15。44、Bfew在此代人,是复数。45、B见讲解10。46、C同上。47、A同上。48、A见讲解7。49、B见讲解4。50、B同上。动词时态、语态专练1.Themathsproblemcanbe_.A.easyworkedoutB.easytobeworkedoutC.easilyworkedoutD.easilytoworkout2.Everypossiblemeans_,butnoneprovessuccessful.A.hasbeentriedB.triedC.isbeingtriedD.hastried3.Thegirlisto_arichman.A.marrywithB.bemarriedC.marrytoD.bemarriedto4.Hereceivedatelegramthat_Mothersick.A.wroteB.saysC.readsD.read5.Whocanyouimagine_tohisweddingparty?A.invitingB.beinginvitedC.wasinvitedD.tobeinvited6.I_tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.(NMET)A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven7.-WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?-Hesalreadybeen_.(NMET)A.askedforB.sentforC.calledforD.lookedfor8.Aconductor_tokeepusintimeinthesingingyesterday.A.needsB.isneedingC.wasneededD.hasbeenneeded9.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided10.Ways_tostoppollutionbynow.A.mustfindB.willbefoundC.arefoundD.havebeenfound11.Idontwantanything_aboutit.A.tosayB.saidC.sayingD.havingsaid12.-_thatthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.-Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.IvebeentoldB.IvetoldC.ImtoldD.Itold13.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.(NMET)A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered14.Bettyhasneverbeenheard_illofothers.A.speakB.spokenC.tospeakD.wassaid15.Tom_tohavedeliveredthespeechintheirtheatreroom.A.saidB.saysC.issaidD.wassaid16.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.(NMET)A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread17.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.(NMET)A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking.18._moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(NMET)A.GivenB.togiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven19.-where_thebook?Icantseeitanywhere.-I_itrightherebutnowitsgone. A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputtingD.wereyouputting;haveput20.Hewouldnotfailsolongashe_hardthenextterm.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.studies21.Howlong_theEnglishparty_?A.has;beenlastedB.did;lastC.was;lastedD.will;belasted22.What_you_thistimenextFriday?A.will;doB.have;beendoingC.are;doingD.will;bedoing23.Hardly_thebell_whentheteachercamein.A.did;ringB.would;ringC.has;rungD.had;rung24.It_andthestreetswerestillwet.A.hadbeenrainingB.rainedC.hadbeenrainedD.wouldrain25.Thebook_onthegroundfortenminutesbutnonoehaspickeditup.A.islyingB.haslainC.layD.hasbeenlying26.We_therewhenit_torain.A.weregetting;wouldbeginB.wereabouttoget;beganC.hadgot;hadbegunD.wouldget;began27.Theteachersaidwe_tenlessonsbytheendofthisterm.A.shouldhavestudiedB.weregoingtostudyC.havestudiedD.shouldstudy28.-shetoldmeshehadmetyouinLondonlastyear.-_you_hersince?A.Had;metB.Did;seeC.Would;meetD.Have;seen29.-When_again?-Whenhe_,Illletyouknow.A.willhecome;willcomeB.willhecome;comeC.hecomes;comesD.willhecome;comes30.Tom_formorethanaweek.A.hasleftB.hadgoneawayC.wentawayD.hasbeenaway31.-Whathappenedtoherteeth?-She_theapplemorethanshecouldchew.A.hasbittenB.bitC.hadbeenbittingD.bites32.Shakespearewassaid_37famousplaysinhislifetime.A.finishingwritingB.tofinishwritingC.havingwrittenD.tohavewritten33.-Youveagreedtogo.Sowhyarentyougettingready?-ButI_thatyou_metostartatonce.A.dontrealize;wantB.dontrealize;wantedC.haventrealized;wantD.didntrealize;wanted34.-Imissedthelecturelastnight.-Oh,whatapity!Iwish_.A.youhearditB.youhadhearditC.youneverhearditD.youhadntheardit35.IllreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasI_it.A.finishedB.amgoingtofinishC.willfinishD.havefinished36.-Yourphonenumberagain?I_quitecatchit.-Its9586442.(NMET)A.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cant37.-Imsorrytokeepyouwaiting.-Oh,notatall.I_hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe38.WhenIwasatcollege.I_threeforeignlanguages,butI_allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgottenB.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspokenhadforgottenD.hadspoken;haveforgotten39.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving(NMET)40.-WhoisJerryCooper?-_?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.(NMET)A.DontyoumeethimyetB.HadntyoumethimyetC.DidntyoumeethimyetD.Haventyoumethimyet41.-Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.-Yes,ataxi_atallnecessary.(NMET)A.wasntB.hadntbeenC.wouldntbeD.wontbe42.WehaventheardfromJaneforalongtime.Whatdoyousuppose_toher?(NEMT)A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.havinghappened43.OnSaturdayafternoon,MrsGreenwenttothemarket,_somebananasandvisitedhercousin.(NMET)A.boughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buy44.Asshe_thenewspaper,Granny_asleep.(NMET)A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfallingD.read;fell45.I_thebadcoldforaweek,stillIcantgetridofit.A.caughtB.havecaughtC.haveD.havehad46.I_thetime_soquickly.A.didntrealize;hadpassedB.dontrealize;passedC.haventrealized;passedD.hadntrealizedhadpassed47.-Mywatch_twelveoclock.Itssolate.-Letshurryup.A.issaidB.saysC.istoldD.tells48.Helen_herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaitherhusband_home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome49.ThepenI_I_isonmydesk,rightundermynose.(NMET)A.think;lostB.thought;hadlostC.think;hadlostD.thought;havelost50.-Janehasjustarrived.-Ididntknowshe_.A.iscomingB.wascomingC.hadbeencomingD.willcome动词时态、语态专练答案1-5CADDC6-10BBCAD11-15BAACC16-20CAABA21-25BDDAD26-30BADDD31-35BDDBD36-40AABBD41-45ACABD46-50ABCBB语法复习主谓一致1在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。(一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm./TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy./Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall./Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago./Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如:WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks./WhatIsayanddois(are)helpfultoyou.2、由连接词and或bothand连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:LucyandLilyaretwins./SheandIareclassmates./Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews./BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.注意:若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:Thewriterandartisthascome.;/由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,everymorethana(an),manya(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom./Noboyandnogirllikesit.3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。如:MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina./NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground./She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Eachofushasanewbook./Everythingaroundusismatter.注意:在口语中当either或neither后跟有of+复数名词(或代词)作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neitherofthetextsis(are)interesting.若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.5、在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard./Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。如:ClassFourisonthethirdfloor./ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.注意:people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.7、由alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom./Therestofthelectureiswonderful./50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.注意:anumberof许多,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;thenumberof的数量,主语是number,谓语用单数。8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:Therecomesthebus./Onthewallaremanypictures./Suchistheresult./Sucharethefacts.(二)逻辑意义一致原则:逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。1、what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。如:Whichisyourbag?/Whichareyourbags?/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.2、表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如:Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:TheArabianNightsisaninterestingstory-book.4、表数量的短语oneandahalf后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式(也可用复数。如:Oneandahalfapplesis(are)leftonthetable.5、算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。如:Twelvepluseightistwenty./Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.6、一些学科名词是以-ics结尾,如:mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990./Ithinkphysicsisnteasytostudy.7、trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:Myglassesarebroken./Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.8、定冠词the+形容词或分词,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。(三)就近一致原则:在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。1、当两个主语由eitheror,neithernor,whetheror,notonlybutalso连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如:Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends./Neithertheynorheiswhollyright./Isneitherhenortheywhollyright?2、therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句)状语种类如下:Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(时间状语)Lastnightshedidntgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因状语)Ishallgothereifitdoesntrain.(条件状语)MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地点状语)Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式状语)Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴随状语)Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的状语)Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(结果状语)Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(让步状语)Iamtallerthanheis.(比较状语)简单句并列句和复合句复习2练习一一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecome