初中定语从句公开课导学案.doc

英语定语从句一定语从句的理解： 定语概念：_划出下列定语 a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red 如果定语_，便称为定语从句。 I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句) I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句） 被修饰的词是_。这个词就称为先行词。 其中连接两个句子的是_，称为关系词。关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当_。 附：关系词与先行词的关系： 关系词和先行词密切相关，因为关系词用来指代先行词，并且在从句中充当一定的成分。 定语从句中常用的关系词有： 关系代词 _ 关系代词在从句中可充当_，_或_； 关系副词 _ (表示时间) _ (表示地点) _ (表示原因) 关系副词在从句中充当状语。 结论：关系词常有三个作用：1、_ 2、_ 3、_一、将下列句子译成汉语。.1. Who that knows him wants to make friends with him?2. What else was there in my brother that you didnt like?3. He lives in the room whose window faces to the south.4. He lives in the room, the window of which faces to the south.5. This is Mr. John for whose son I brought a book yesterday.6. This is Mr. John for whom I bought a book yesterday.7. This is the hour when the place is always full of women and children.8. And there is one point that Id like your advice.9. Winter is the time of year that the days are short and nights are long.10. I hope you will find this valley，a beautiful place where you may spend your weekend.11. This is the doctor who saved the boys life.12. The man who is running is my uncle.13. I like the music that I can sing along with.14. The woman who lives next door is a teacher.二按关系词种类学习 （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词一览表 关系词所做成分例句练习一1. This is the man _ helped me.2. The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room.5. The building _ stands near the river is our school.6. This is the book _ you want.7. The room in _ there is a machine is a workshop.8. This is the boy _ broke the window. 9. The letter _ I received was from my father.练习二Whose的用法3. Do you know the man _ name is Wang Yu?4. Do you see the house _ windows are all broken?1. Ive got a cat _hair is yellow2. .He is my English teacher . His son is our classmate _练习三1. The boys who football are from the country.A. are playing B is playing C plays D to play2. At last, the man handed everything he had stolen to the police.A which B what C that D who3. This is the most interesting journey I have ever heard of.A. which B who C that D whom4. He is a singer who his own lyrics.A write B writes C. writing D to write5. This is the boy broke my window.A. which B what C who D whom注：that的用法 (1) 只能用that而不用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 (a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. All that is needed is a supply of oil.(b) 先行词有the only, the very, the last, just修饰时，只用that。 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我想买的字典。 c) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。. He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的书。 (d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. ( e) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时 Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ Who that break the window should be punished谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚 (2) 不用that的情况 (a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。 The necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday. Tom came back, which made us happy. (错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (b) 介词后不能用。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.当堂检测一 阅读下列句子，用who/that/which/whom填空。 1. I have a brother _ likes soccer.2. Tom doesnt like movies _are too long and too scary.3. We prefer groups_ play loud and energetic songs.4.He likes friends _ often help each other.5. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.6. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.7. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.8. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.9. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.10. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.11. All _ we can do is to study hard.12. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.二 选择填空1.Whoistheman_wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?Oh!ItsMr.Baker,ourmathteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which2.Ihatethepeople_donthelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where3.Theforeigner_visitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which5.Theletter_Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that6.Whereisthescientist_gaveusthetalkyesterday?HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which7.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle. A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who8.Doyouknowaboy_sisterisanurseinahospital? A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose9.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou? A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it10.Youaretheonlyone_advicehemightlistento. A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.whatever11 .Theman_coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.A.whosB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich12 . The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada.A. which B. when C. who D. whom 13 . George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 14.Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms?Verygood.Ilikeclothes_makemefeelcomfortable. A.thatB.whatC.who15.Isthereanything_toyou?A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs16 .Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.Soweshoulddosomething_canhelpstopsmoking.A.whatB.whoC./D.that5.Thisistheplace_Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which6.Nobodyknowsthereason_shedidntcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when7.Themoonisaworld_thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why8.Hehasforgottentheday_hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which9.Hestillremembersthedays_hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich10.Mr.White,_carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which11.Thisisthehouse_Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where12.Thisisthehouse_ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where13.Hedidnttellmetheplace_hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where14.Helivedinasmallvillage,_wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when16.Whereisthescientist_gaveusthetalkyesterday?HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which17.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who18.Doyouknowaboy_sisterisanurseinahospital?A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose19.Isthereashopnearhere_wecanbuyvegetablesandfruits?A.whichB.whenC.whoD.where20.Thepark,_wevisitedyesterday,isverynice.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when21.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it22.Thatisthereason_hecametoseeyou.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.forwhich23.Someoftheroadswereflooded,_madeourjourneymoredifficult.A.whichB.itC.whatD.that24.Youaretheonlyone_advicehemightlistento.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.whatever25.Theman_coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.A.whosB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada.A. which B. when C. who D. whom 4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which （二）关系副词引导的定语从句 关系词所做成分例句基本用法关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when, where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。1. when 在从句中作时间状语。常用on which, in which, at which, during which等代替。 e.g. April the first is the day when people make fun of others. =April the first is the day _ people make fun of others.2. where 在从句中作地点状语。常可由in which, on which, at which, on which等取代。 e.g. This is the house where he lived two years ago. =This is the house _ he lived two years ago.3. why why在定语从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用for which代替。 e.g. This is the reason why he went away. =This is the reason _he went away.（二）关系副词常可用“介词+关系代词”的结构改写这里的关系代词只限于which和whom，例如 I will never forget the night when I met you for the first time.=I will never forget the night _I met you for the first time. This is the house in which I lived two years ago.=This is the house _ I lived two years ago. We dont know the reason for which he suddenly fell ill.=We dont know the reason _ he suddenly fell ill.注意：并不是所有的介词+关系代词的结构都可用关系副词替代。e.g. I am very impressed by the way in which he works. 这里in which 代表的是in the way, 在句中作方式状语。只有当介词+关系代词结构作表示时间、地点和原因的状语时，才能相应地用when, where和why代替。（三）如何判断是用关系代词还是关系副词这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分。前者充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，后者充当状语。试比较下面两组句子： This is the factory that/which produces radios.This is the factory where radios are produced.第一句中划线部分在从句中作_语，故而应选用关系代词：The factory produces radios. 而第二句中划线部分在从句中作_语故而应选用关系副词：Radios are produced in the factory. Do you remember the days (that) we spent together?Do you remember the days when we worked together?第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：We spent the days together. 而第二句中关系副词作时间状语：We worked together during the days. 四、判断关系代词与关系副词的方法： 1. 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面没有宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。 判断下列句子的对错（ ） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（ ） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（ ） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.（ ） Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.2. 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也就能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age? A. whereB. that C. on which D. the one例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one三使用定语从句需要注意的问题： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词常省去。 如：The play（which）I watched just now had been on twice on Channel （2） 当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。 如：This is the house (that/ which )we lived in last year. = This is the house in which we lived last year. Please tell me the person (who/ whom) you borrowed the English novel from. = Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. 三、跟踪练习 （一） 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每组两个简单句合成一个复合句。 1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago. 2. The old man is a professor. He will give us a talk tomorrow. 3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there. 4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day. 6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us. 7. The man was my uncle. The man waved to us. 8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me the book last week. 9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science. 10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.（二） 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1. The house _ we live in is very big. 2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday. 4. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer. 5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited. 6. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him. 7. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class. 8. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children. 9. Is this the place _ your father once lived? 10. Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League. 11. He likes to read books _ are written by foreign writers. 12. Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow. 13. The professor _ you are waiting for has come. 14. Football is a game _is liked by most boys. 15. Well go to hear the famous singer _ we have often talked. 16. The season_ comes after spring is summer. 三）单项填空 基础选择 1. Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher? Oh! Its Mr. Baker, our math teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which 2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where 3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada.A. which B. when C. who D. whom 4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 5. This is the place _I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which 6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when 7. The moon is a world _ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why 8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which 9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which家庭作业Part 2 中考链接1. Last summer I went to Lu Xuns hometown and visited the house _ he was born. A that B there C which D where2. Last summer I went to Lu Xuns hometown and visited the house _ he was born in.A that B there C in which D where3. Have you read the book _ I gave you yesterday? A that B when C where D who4. The book _ cover is blue cost me 20 yuan. A which B that C whose D where5. Shaolin Temple(少林寺) _ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A where B which C who D what*6. Australia is the most beautiful country _ I have ever visited. A which B that C where D what7. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. thatC. /D. it8. The factory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. when B. whereC. thatD. which9. Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. that B. whenC . what D. on that *10. I will never forget the years _ I spent in China. A. that B when C where D in whichLets do more exercises.v 1. The hotel _ we stayed last week is very comfortable.v 2. The hotel _ lies beside the river is very comfortable.v 3.This is the house _ I worked two years ago.v 4. This is the house _ I visited two years ago.v 5. Ill never forget the day _ I spent with my grandparents.v 6. That was the year _ I went to America. Part 3 合并句子。1. The film was very interesting. I saw the film last night The film _ was very interesting.2. I met a man this morning. The man is my teacherThe man _ is my teacher.3. I wont forget the small town. I was born in the town.I wont forget the small town _.I wont forget the small town _.4. John still remember the days. He studied in Guangzhou on the days.John still remember the days _.John still remember the days _.5. Ill never forget the days . I spent the days with my grandparents. Ill never forget the days _.