动词时态和语态教案.doc

动词时态和语态教案 徐红平2012-9动词时态和语态目标：1. 掌握英语的八种基本时态和几种常考时态 2. 了解并熟练掌握高考的几种热点时态 3. 区分并正确运用几种易混时态一、英语的常见时态：一般进行完成完成进行现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时/过去将来过去将来时/练兵场 稳操胜券1. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 1820.A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken答案 A解析: 飞机、火车等按时刻表运行，表达时用一般现在时表将来。2. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She_before.A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying答案 C解析: hadnt flown动作发生在was nervous之前。3. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months andthen went to America.A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working答案 A解析: 考查一般过去时的基本用法。句中并列连词and连接两个发生在过去的顺承的动作，时态应该一致。4. - Your job _ open for your return.- Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept答案 A解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、职位等处于空缺状态，由句意“随时欢迎你回来工作”可知用将来时。5. - _ you _ him around the museum yet?- Yes. We had a great time there.A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show答案 A解析: 此处表示说话者询问对方“有没有带领他参观博物馆”的结果，故用现在完成时。6. - I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.- Impossible. She _ TV with me in my home then.A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching答案 D解析: 考查动词时态。句意为：“我昨晚8点钟在公园看见简和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她当时正在我家和我一起看电视。”此处时间状语为then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指过去某一时间点正在进行的动作，故应用过去进行时态。7. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time.A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell答案 C解析: 由“were so.”可知此处用一般过去时态；flowers应该是“被卖光”，故用被动形式。8. - Whats that noise?- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested答案 C解析: 根据一对一的问答可知，“机器正在被检测”，故选C项。9. In a room above the store，where a party _, some workers were busilysetting the table.A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held答案 A解析: 考查动词的时态与语态。根据“some workers were busily setting the table”判断，聚会还没举行，应用将来时态，且整个句子用了过去时，故用过去将来时态。10. - I have got a headache.- No wonder. You _ in front of that computer too long.A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked答案 C解析: 考查动词的时态。由“I have got a headache”可知，空处应用现在完成进行时表示动作“从过去开始持续至今且还会进行下去”，体现过去开始的动作对现在的影响及结果。二、热点时态: 一般过去时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去进行时 1. I _ you not to move my dictionary-now I cannot find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked2. - The window is dirty. - I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clear C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned3. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating4. - Has Sam finished his homework today? - I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done5. - Have you decided already? - Yes, I_ at once. - Yes, I_ already. A. have decided B. decided C. will decide D. had decided三、易混时态辨析:1.一般现在时和现在进行时1). Listen to the two girls by the window. What language _ they _ (speak)?2). I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year.A. will play B. have played C. played D. play一般现在时指经常性，习惯性的动作；而现在进行时则表示此刻或近一段时间正在进行的动作。2. 一般过去时和过去进行时1). He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 过去进行时表当时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。2). As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 长动作在进行时,被一个短动作打断,长动作用进行体,短动作用一般体。一般过去时表示一个已经完成的动作或过去习惯性的动作，过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作，具有持续和未完成的含义。3. 一般过去时与现在完成时1). I _ (live) there for six years when I was a kid.2). He _ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. was living3). When I was at college I _ three foreign languages but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten二者所表示动作均发生在过去。一般过去时仅指动作在过去发生了，对现在没有影响；现在完成时的动作虽发生在过去，但影响到现在仍然存在。四、 挑战高考 信心满满1. Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off答案 B解析: 考查动词的时态。动词go，come，leave及词组take off等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。2. John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he _ for the wedding.A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned答案 D解析: plan表示的动作发生在spend这一过去动作之前，故应该用过去完成时。句意为：我的朋友约翰上周结婚了，婚礼花去了3 000美元，超过了原计划。3. - Did you see a man in black pass by just now?- No, sir. I _ a newspaper.A. read B. was reading C. would read D. am reading答案 B解析: 由just now判断应用过去时态，又由语境“穿黑衣服的人路过时，我正在看报，所以没看见他”知空处要用过去进行时。4. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there several years ago.A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been答案 C解析: 句中several years ago是一般过去时的标志。5. - Have you got any job offers?- No. I _.A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting答案 D解析: 句意为：“有人给你提供工作了吗？”“没有，我正在等着。”用现在进行时态表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。6. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _ safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive答案 B句意: 当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。解答：根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“已经”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来，因此A和D同时排除，C为过去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此C也排除，选择B.7. - Tommy is planning to buy a car.- I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one.A. saves B .saved C. will save D. will have saved答案 D解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“Tommy将计划买车。我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来next month之前完成“积攒足够钱”的动作，对将来的时间next month产生影响，能买一辆旧车。故选D。8. - That must have been a long trip.- Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking答案 C解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“那一定是长途旅行。是的，我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情况，排除A和B，D项was taking进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此选C。9. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _ there.A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain答案 A解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。10. Planning so far ahead _ no sense-so many things will have changed by next year.A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made答案 C解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。教学反思：