lesson10洗衣妇.ppt

邓旭平Mike WhathappensinthisroomStaysinthisroom TheWashwoman PPTmadeby旭平 1 OurhomehadlittlecontactwithGentiles ButthereweretheGentilewashwomenwhocametothehousetofetchourlaundry Mystoryisaboutoneofthese Thesynonymsforfetch bringtakefetchgetcarry都含 拿 带 取 的意思 bring指 从别处把东西或人带来 拿来 如 Hebroughtanewbookwithhim 他带来一本新书 take指 把东西带走或拿走 如 Pleasetakethelettertothepostoffice 请把这封信送到邮局去 get是常用词 多用于口语 与fetch同义 Goandgetsomewater 去打些水来 carry指 随身携带 不说明固定方向 有时含有 负担 的意思 如 Letmecarrytheboxforyou 请让我替你拿这个箱子 fetch指 到别处去把某人或某物带来或拿来 如 Shehasgonetofetchwater 她去打水去了 2Shewasasmallwoman oldandwrinkled Whenshestartedwashingforus shewasalreadypastseventy MostJewishwomenofherageweresickly weak brokeninbody Butthiswashwoman smallandthinasshewas possessedastrengththatcamefromgenerationsofpeasantancestors Motherwouldcountouttoherabagoflaundrythathadaccumulatedoverseveralweeks Shewouldlifttheheavybag loaditonhernarrowshoulders andcarryitthelongwayhome Itmusthavebeenawalkofanhourandahalf SickvsSickly Sick生病的 有病的恶心 想吐的 asickfeelinginmystomach晕车 晕船 seasick airsick carsick厌倦 sickofsb sth sickofdoingsth变态的Sickly多病的不健壮的 有病容的令人生厌的 恶心的 尤指太甜或者充斥着虚情假意 颜色 难看的 Fillintheblankwithsickorsickly Hermother svery Ifyoueattoomuchcream you llfeel I m todeathofallofyou Hewasa child Shelookspaleand Theteacherisa freak Yougavemea smile Thewallsarepainteda greencolor sick sickly Sick sick sick sickly sick sickly sick sickly sick sickly sickly Butthiswashwoman smallandthinasshewas possessedastrengththatcamefromgenerationsofpeasantancestors让步状语从句Adjective assbbe动词 though althoughsbbe动词 adj虽然我很丑 但是我很温柔Ugly bad looking ill lookingasIam Iamgentle tender Though althoughIamUgly bad looking ill looking Iamgentle tender Itmusthavebeenawalkofanhourandahalf 这段路恐怕要走一个半小时 musthavebeen 表示主观的推测 不表示肯定 Iguessittookheranhourandahalftowalkhome 情态动词 have done的用法 一 must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测 译成 一定做过某事 该结构只用于肯定句 1 Itmusthaverainedlastnight forthegroundiswet 昨晚一定下雨了 因为地面还是湿的 2 Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant 你和仆人说话 一定是发疯了 二 can t have done 表示对过去事情的否定推测 译成 不可能做过某事 1 Mr Smithcan thavegonetoBeijing forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow 史密斯先生不可能去北京了 我刚才还在图书馆见过他 三 can have done 表示对过去行为的怀疑 用于疑问句 译成 可能做过 吗 1 Thereisnolightintheroom Cantheyhavegoneout 屋里没有灯 他们可能出去了吗 2 Thereisnowheretofindthem Wherecantheyhavegone 到处找不到他们 他们可能到什么地方去呢 四 could have done 是虚拟语气 表示对过去事情的假设 意思是本来能够做某事而没有做 Hecouldhavepassedtheexam buthewastoocareless 本来他能够通过考试 但是他太粗心 五 may have done 表示对发生过的事情的推测 意思是 可能已经 或 也许已经 用于肯定句中 WhathashappenedtoGeorge Idon tknow Hemayhavegotlost 乔治发生了什么事 我不知道 他可能迷路了 六 might have done 表示对过去事情的推测 might与may意思相同 但可能性更小 多用于虚拟语气结构中 1 Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp eventhoughhewasbusy MET90 他或许会多给你一些帮助 即使他很忙 2 Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress ifyouhadgivenhermorechances 如果你多给她点机会 她可能已经取得更大的成绩 七 would have done 虚拟语气 表示对过去事情的假设 意思是 本来会做 1 Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy sstory butyoudidn taskme 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事 但是你没有问我 2 Withoutyourhelp Iwouldn thaveachievedsomuch 没有你的帮助 我是不会取得如此大的成绩 八 should have done 意思是 本来应该做某事 而实际没做 shouldn t have done 表示本来不应该做某事 而实际做了 含有指责对方或自责的含意 1 Tom youaretoolazy Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday 汤姆 你太懒惰了 这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的 2 Look Tomiscrying Ishouldn thavebeensoharshonhim 看 汤姆哭了 我本来不应该对他如此严厉 九 oughtto have done 表示过去应该做而实际并没有做 译成 理应做 往往表示遗憾 与 should have done 用法基本一样 IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday 我理应上星期日回家 Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp 你不应该帮助他那么多 十 need have done 表示本来需要做某事而没有做 needn t have done 则表示 本来不需要做某事而做了 Ineedn thaveboughtsomuchwine onlyfivepeoplecame 我本来没有必要买这么多酒 只来了五个人 Heneedhavehurriedtothestation Inthatcase bewouldn thavemissedthetrain 他本来需要快点去车站 那样的话 他就不会误了火车 3Shewouldbringthelaundrybackabouttwoweekslater Mymotherhadneverbeensopleasedwithanywashwoman Everypieceoflaundrywasascleanaspolishedsilver Everypiecewasneatlyironed Yetshechargednomorethantheothers Shewasarealfind Motheralwayshadhermoneyready becauseitwastoofarfortheoldwomantocomeasecondtime charge n 商品和服务所需的 要价 收费 chargeforsthWehavetomakeasmallchargeforrefreshments 茶点 包邮 Deliveryisfreeofcharge 2 指控 控告Hewillfaceachargeofarmedrobbery 持械抢劫 主管 掌管 责任 inchargeof takechargeofSheisinchargeoftheday to dayrunningofthebusiness Hetookchargeofthefarmafterhisfather sdeath V 收费 要价 chargesb sth money forsth这家餐馆收了我们20美元的晚餐费 指控 控告 chargesbwithsthHewaschargedwithmurder 赋予 职责或任务 chargesbwithsthThecommitteehasbeenchargedwiththedevelopmentofsportintheregion 委员会已被赋予在该地区发展体育运动的职责 4 充电 chargesth给电池充电 4Washingclotheswasnoteasyinthosedays Theoldwomanhadnotapwhereshelived buthadtobringinthewaterfromapump Fortheclothesandbedclothestocomeoutsoclean theyhadtobescrubbedthoroughlyinawashtub rinsedwithwashingsoda soaked boiledinanenormouspot starched thenironed Everypiecewashandledtentimesormore Andthedrying Ithadtobehungintheattic 5 Shecouldhavebeggedatthechurchdoororenteredahomeforthepoorandaged ButtherewasinheracertainprideandloveoflaborwithwhichmanyGentileshavebeenblessed Theoldwomandidnotwanttobecomeaburden andsoboreherburden 6Thewomanhadasonwhowasrich Inolongerrememberwhatsortofbusinesshehad Hewasashamedofhismother thewashwoman andnevercametoseeher Nordidheevergiveheranymoney Theoldwomantoldthiswithoutbitterness Onedaythesonwasmarried Itseemedthathehadmadeagoodmatch Theweddingtookplaceinachurch Thesonhadnotinvitedtheoldmothertohiswedding butshewenttothechurchandwaitedatthestepstoseehersonleadthe younglady tothealtar 一些关于结婚的表达 Tietheknot结婚knot绳子 LittleWhiteChapel小白教堂TheLittleWhiteWeddingChapel 结婚礼堂 WeddingGowns婚纱 Tuxedo男士礼服 ExchangeVows交换誓词 7Thestoryofthefaithlesssonleftadeepimpressiononmymother Shetalkedaboutitforweeksandmonths Itwasaninsultnotonlytotheoldwomanbuttoallmothers Motherwouldargue Doesitpaytomakesacrificesforchildren Themotherusesupherlaststrength andhedoesnotevenknowthemeaningofloyalty 8Thatwinterwasaharshone Thestreetswereicy Nomatterhowmuchweheatedourstove thewindowswerecoveredwithfrost Thenewspapersreportedthatpeopleweredyingofthecold Coalbecamedear Thewinterhadbecomesoseverethatparentsstoppedsendingchildrentoschool dieofanddiefrom 表示死的原因 die后既可接介词of 也可接from 两者的区别是 一 若死因存在于人体之上或之内 主要指疾病 衰老等自身的原因 一般用介词of 如 dieofillness hearttrouble cancer afever etc 死于疾病 心脏病 癌症 发烧等 二 若死因不是存在人体之内或之上 而是由环境造成的 主要指事故等方面的外部原因 一般用介词from 如 diefromanearthquake atrafficaccident alightning astroke etc 死于地震 交通事故 雷击等 9Ononesuchdaythewashwoman nownearlyeightyyearsold cametoourhouse Agooddealoflaundryhadaccumulatedduringthepastweeks Mothergaveherapotofteatowarmherself aswellassomebread Theoldwomansatonakitchenchairtremblingandshaking andwarmedherhandsagainsttheteapot Herfingerswereroughfromwork andperhapsfromarthritis too Herfingernailswerestrangelywhite Thesehandsspokeofstubbornnessofmankind ofthewilltoworknotonlyasone sstrengthpermitsbutbeyondthelimitsofone spower Against用法小结prep 1 与动词连用 1 常与push press lean hang stand等词连用 表示 紧靠 压迫 有时不必译出 例如topushagainstthedoor用力推门tothrowtheballagainstthewall用球击墙 2 常与struggle fight turn speak rise act vote contend argue strive testify discriminate offend rage exclaim cryout等连用 表示 反对 或 反抗 但这类动词中有些可以与介词with连用 意思相近 不过用against比用with的语气强 着重表示在困难中斗争或反抗的意思 例如 Theywerefightingagainst withtheenemy他们正在和敌人战斗 Thefirmistoosmalltocompeteagainst withlargeinternationalcompanies 这家公司太小 难以和国际性大公司竞争 2 表示相反 有 逆行 逆 方向 对着 跟 反方向 的意思例句 todriveagainstthetraffic 汽车 逆行againstthecurrent逆流3 表示 预防 防备 例句 Wearealltakingmedicineagainstthecold 我们都服药以防感冒 Savemoneyagainstarainyday 谚 储蓄金钱 以备不时之需 未雨绸缪 10Thebagwasbig biggerthanusual Whenthewomanplaceditonhershoulders itcoveredhercompletely Atfirstshestayed asthoughshewereabouttofallundertheload Butaninnerstubbornnessseemedtocallout No youmaynotfall Adonkeymaypermithimselftofallunderhisburden butnotahumanbeing thebestofcreation 11Shedisappeared andmothersighedandprayedforher 12Morethantwomonthspassed Thefrosthadgone andthenanewfrosthadcome anewwaveofcold Oneevening whileMotherwassittingneartheoillampmendingashirt thedooropenedandasmallpuffofsteam followedbyagiganticbag enteredtheroom Irantowardtheoldwomanandhelpedherunloadherbag Shewaseventhinnernow morebent Herheadshookfromsidetosideasthoughsheweresayingno Shecouldnotutteraclearword butmumbledsomethingwithhersunkenmouthandpalelips 13Aftertheoldwomanhadrecoveredsomewhat shetoldusthatshehadbeenill Justwhatherillnesswas Icannotremember Shehadbeensosickthatsomeonecalledadoctor andthedoctorhadsentforapriest Someonehadinformedtheson andhehadcontributedmoneyforacoffinandforthefuneral ButGodhadnotyetwantedtotakethissoulfullofpaintoHimself Shebegantofeelbetter shebecamewell andassoonasshewasabletostandonherfeetoncemore shebeganherwashing Notjustours hutthewashofseveralotherfamilies too 14 Icouldnotresteasyinmybedbecauseofthewash theoldwomanexplained Thewashwouldnotletmedie 15 WiththehelpofGodyouwilllivetobeahundredandtwenty saidmymother asablessing 16 Godforbid Whatgoodwouldsuchalonglifebe Theworkbecomesharderandharder mystrengthisleavingme Idonotwanttobeaburdenonanyone Theoldwomancrossedherself andraisedhereyestowardheaven 17FortunatelytherewassomemoneyinthehouseandMothercountedoutwhatsheowed Thensheleft promisingtoreturninafewweeksforanewload 18Butshenevercameback Thewashshehadreturnedwasherlasteffortonthisearth Shehadbeendrivenbyanindomitablewilltoreturnthepropertytoitsrightfulowners tofulfillthetaskshehadundertaken Sparenoefforttodosth 19Andnowatlastherbody whichhadlongbeensupportedonlybytheforceofhonestyandduty hadfallen Hersoulpassedintothosesphereswhereallholysoulsmeet regardlessoftherolestheyplayedonthisearth inwhatevertongue ofwhateverreligion IcannotimagineparadisewithoutthisGentilewashwoman Icannotevenimagineaworldwherethereisnorewardforsucheffort Hersoulpassedintothosesphereswhereallholysoulsmeet regardlessoftherolestheyplayedonthisearth inwhatevertongue ofwhateverreligion 她的灵魂进入了所有心地纯洁的人们最后会集的地方 无论他们在人间曾经担任过什么角色 无论他们说的是什么语言 也无论他们信仰什么宗教 Shedied buthersoulwouldcontinuetoliveinthoseplaceswhereallkind honestandpurepeoplemeet onmatterwhatrolestheyhadplayedonearth whatlanguagetheyspokeorwhatreligiontheybelievedin IcannotimagineparadisewithoutthisGentilewashwoman Icannotevenimagineaworldwherethereisnorewardforsucheffort 我想象天堂里肯定会有这位非犹太人洗衣妇的位置 我绝对相信如此的努力是会得到报偿的 IthinkthatthisGentilewashwomandeservesaplaceinHeaven tobeinHeaven Idon tbelievethathervirtues herhonesty tolerance indomitablewill senseofresponsibility aswellasherhardworkwillnotberewarded paraphrase Shecouldhavebeggedatthechurchdoororenteredahomeforthepoorandaged 她本来是可以到教堂的门口去乞讨或是进入一家穷苦老人收容所 Shedidn tbegthechurchforhelpormovedtoahomeforpoor oldpeoplethoughshewasabletodosoinherfinancialandphysicalconditions Theoldwomantoldthiswithoutbitterness Theoldwomandidn tshowanyangerorevenunhappinesswhenshetoldmymotherhowhersontreatedher