英语A级考试语法专题.ppt

新编实用英语综合教程第三册全国英语A级考试语法研究 华南师范大学增城学院外语系大学英语教研室三主讲教师 江文静2009 2010学年 Unit1PromotingActivities Learningobjectives 1Somebasicpromotionmethods2Rulesforattendingexhibitions3Productprospectuses 章程 Unit1Promotingactivities Backgroundknowledge Whatismarketingmix The6PStheory1Planyourmarketingstrategy2Pickawaytomarket3Priceitright4Packageitprofessionally5Promoteyourproduct service6Provethatitworks Ifnot makeitbetterorgobackto1 Unit1Promotingactivities Personalselling flexibilityisitsstrengthItinvolvesfacetofacecommunicationbetweensellersandpotentialcustomers Theadvantageoffacetofacesellingprovidesimmediatefeedback Massselling reachingmillionsatapriceorevenfreeItiscommunicatingwithlargenumbersofpotentialcustomersatthesametime Itislessflexiblethanpersonalselling Unit1Promotingactivities SalespromotiontriestosparkimmediateinterestSalespromotionreferstopromotionactivities otherthanadvertising publicity andpersonalsellingthatstimulateinterest trial orpurchasebyfinalcustomersorothersinthechannel Salespromotionsaimsatconsumers atmiddleman orevenatafirm sownemployees Forexample coupons samplesofconsumerproducts specialsweepstakesandcontest pointofpurchasematerialsanddisplaysattradeshows Unit1Promotingactivities TextAgrammar 1现在进行时的用法Masssellingiscommunicatingwithlargenumbersofpotentialcustomersatthesametime 现在进行时表示经常性的动作 与always constantly continually perpetually usually forever等副词连用 Example sheisalwaysworking Iamalwayslosingkeys Thebossisalwayscrabbingaboutmywork Unit1Promotingactivities 2when引导的时间状语从句WhenColecointroduceditsCabbagePatchdolls itheldpresspartiesforreportersandtheirchildren When意为当 时候 引导时间状语从句 表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或先后发生 Example whenIwaswonderinginthestreet Imether 主句和从句同时发生 Pleasetellhimaboutitwhenyouseehimback 主句和从句先后发生 Unit1Promotingactivities 3If引导条件状语从句If是引导条件状语从句的连词 表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生 条件状语从句分为真实条件状语从句和非真实条件状语从句 从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时 Example Ifyouheatice itmelts 真实 Ifyoudonotlearntothinkwhenyouareyoung youmayneverlearn 真实 Example IfIwereyou Iwouldn tinvitehimtotheparty 非真实 TheflowerwouldnothavediedifIhadwateredthembeforeIlefthome 非真实 10rulesforattendingexhibitionsinchina 1avoidattendingtheopeningceremony2exhibitsmayhavelittletodowiththeexhibition3don tbedistractedbyprettymodels4goearly5don tgoduringlunchhour 6avoidanyboothwithabigscreenTV avideogame oraloundspeaker7handyournamecardsouttoeveryone8followtheguards9watchthesurfers10setatimelimit Unit1Promotingactivities Summaryofthetext lunchhourisn tagoodtime asvendorsaremoreinterestedineatingthanindoingbusiness thecleverwaytoadvertiseyourcompanyistogiveyourbusinesscardstoeveryexhibitorwhoseboothyouvisit youmaysavealotoftimebysettingatimelimitandgettingwellpreparedbeforegoingtotheexhibition Unit1PromotingActivities Importantvocabulary 1Finalize v putsomethingintofinalform completeExample Iwillfinalizemyworkplanattheendofthisweek 2Getdowntobusiness着手做某事 定案Example We dbetterstopidletalkandgetdowntobusiness 我们快别闲聊了 该进入主题了 Unit1Promotingactivities 3Despair n stateofhavinglostallhopeDespairofsb sth对某人某事失去信心Example wehavedespairofhim hecannotkeepajobformorethansixmonths Despairing adj 绝望的 Despairingly adv Example Heshoweddespairingfeelingonhisface Shelookedatjudgemandespairingly Unit1Promotingactivities 4consultation n 请教 咨询 磋商Thereisapsychologyconsultationofficeinuniversityforsolvingmentalproblemsofenrolledstudents 5appreciation admireofsborsth valuehighlyAppreciate v understandandenjoyExample youcan tfullyappreciateforeignliteratureintranslation 看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓 Iappreciateyourproblem butIdon tthinkIcanhelpyou 我理解你的困难 但是却爱莫能助 Unit1Promotingactivities 6allocation n 分配 安置 allocate v Example heallocatedtaskstoeachofus 他给我们每个人都分配了工作 Wehavespentourentireallocationfortheyear 我们已经把今年拨给我们的全部经费都花光了 Unit1Promotingactivities Translationexercises Part1 translatefollowingsentencesintoEnglish usingthewordsinthebrackets 1她一家商店一家商店地看 最后以她能付出的价格买了她所需要的东西 ataprice Sheshoppedaroundtillshegotwhatshewantedatapriceshecouldafford Unit1Promotingactivities 2除了向我要东西 他从不跟我说话 otherthan Heneverspeakstomeotherthantoaskforsomething 3你永远应该以搞好你的工作为目的 Youshouldalwaysaimatdoingyourjobwell 4几个星期以来她一直呆在家中照顾有病的父亲 betiedto Shehasbeentiedtothehouseforweekslookingafterherinvalidfather Unit1Promotingactivities 5修建这条路是为了缓解交通拥挤 bedesignedto Theroutewasdesignedtorelievetrafficcongestion 6社会是由形形色色的人组成的 有些人很好 有些人很坏 也有些人介乎两者之间 awidevarietyof Societyismadeupofawidevarietyofpeople somearegood othersarebad andstillothersareinbetween Unit1Promotingactivities Part2translatefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsorexpressionsgiveninthebrackets 1在电视上推销新产品已经成了一种十分普遍但又十分恼人的作法 promote IthasbecomeaverycommonbutveryannoyingpracticetopromoteanewproductonTV Unit1Promotingactivities 2圣诞节那天 新世纪百货公司给前往该店购物的每位顾客赠送了一小盒巧克力 giveaway OnChristmasDay NewCenturyDepartmentStoregaveawayasmallboxofChocolatetoeverycustomerwhoshoppedthere Unit1Promotingactivities 3等了很久以后我们终于看到校长在主席台上露面了 showup platform Afterwaitingforalongtime wefinallysawthepresidentshowupontheplatform 4街上隔一段距离设一个电话亭是文明的象征 同时也是城市里一条美丽的风景线 Telephonebooths Telephoneboothsplacedoneafteranotheralongthestreetsisthesymbolofcivilizationandabeautifulviewofthecityaswell Unit1Promotingactivities 5中国已经顺利完成两次载人航天的任务 mannedby Thespaceshipsmanned 操作 byChinesehavewitnessedtwosuccessfulouterspacemissions 任务 6直到今天 我仍然清楚地记得老校长在我们毕业典礼上讲的一席话 graduationceremony Eventoday Istillrememberclearlywhattheoldheadmastersaidatourgraduationceremony Unit1Promotingactivities Homework1 PleasereadnewpracticalEnglishworkbook3Unitonesectionthree passagetwo businessisbusinessaroundtheworld orisit Thinkofthreequestionsanddogrouppresentationinclass Whatisculture Howcultureimpactonbusinessenvironment DoyouknowChinesebusinessculture Pleasegivespecificexamplesasyouknown Homework2 Translationexercisesonpage10andpage15Submissiondate 24thSeptember2009Homework3 Generalwriting Describingthesellingpoints onpage17 Unit1Promotingactivities CompletethefollowingdialoguebytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish Mr Li Mr Hu 你的市场调研结果如何 MsHu asfarasIcansee 迷你型手机在市场上卖得很好 MrLi 你认为这种新型的手机会取代老式的手机吗 MrHu yes Ibelieveso Unit1Promotingactivities MsLi whydoyouthinkso MrHu wellyousee withthefastdevelopmentofmoderntechnology 人们的生活条件在最近几年得到了很大改善 likewise 他们的消费观念也在迅速发生变化 smartandhandymobilephoneshavebecomeanecessityformanypeople youngpeopleinparticular MrLi Isee 所以你相信手机的潜在市场一定会很大 MrHu exactly Unit2CompanyProfiles Learningobjective1IntroducingacertainCompany background businessscope 2UnderstandingHaierCompany sprofileOrganizationalCultureofHaierCompany Productdiversity InnovationTechnologyEmployee spersonalcommitmentvalueandexcellence CorporategroupcommitmentpositiveeconomicandsocialbenefitsIfyouinterestedinmoredetailspleasevisitHttp Unit2Companyprofiles PleasereadtextAandrethinkaboutthreequestionsasbelow HowdoyouthinkHaiergroupinsertbranddiversityintomarketingstrategy CanyousummarizethenewglobalcultureconceptofHaierGroup HowcultureconceptrelatedtobrandconceptinHaierGroup Unit2CompanyProfiles NewInternationalconceptofHaierGroupCompany AcrossIndia Haierwillmaketodaybetterthanyesterday Haierinspiringliving Unit2Companyprofiles TextAgrammar 1现在完成时现在完成时主要用来表示完成某事或某一动作持续到现在的状态 其结构为 Have has 过去分词TheHaierGrouphasachievedgreatsuccessoverthepast16years Example Herlifehasrunsmoothlyuptonow Ihavelivedhereallmylife Unit2Companyprofiles 2动词不定式作表语表示目的ThegoalsofHaieraretoestablishagloballyrecognizedChinesemarketbrandandbringhonortotheChinesenation Example Toliveistodosomethingworthwhile 活着就是要做一些有价值的事情 Thepurposeoftheexchangeprogramistopromotetheunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries 这项交流计划旨在促进两国之间的相互了解 Unit2Companyprofiles 3非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句顾名思义就是对先行词没有特别限定的从句 常由who whom which whose as when where等关系词引导 在非限制性定语从句的前面通常用逗号隔开 它与主句的关系不像限制性定语从句关系紧密 只是对先行词作附加说明 即使去掉主句的意思依然清楚 Manyoutcomesarecloselyassociatedwiththecompany sglobalbrandstrategy wheretheHaierGroup sachievementshavebeensignificant Example Theboydidn tpasstheexam whichdisappointedhisparentsverymuch Themovieisverytouching asmostaudiencesay Unit2Companyprofiles SummaryoftextBOrganizationalcultureofMaryKayCompany MaryKaycompetitionsaredesignedaroundtheideathatiscompetewithyourself Everyoneshouldhaveachancetowin Butdonotorganizethekindofcompetitionwheresomeonehastohurtanotherpersoninordertowin Successfulmanagementcomesfromnotwastinganytime Ifyouinterestedinmoredetailspleasevisitwebsite Http Unit2CompanyProfiles Importantvocabulary 1Investment n anamountofmoneyinvested投资Example Bycarefulinvestment heobtainedabigprofit 2ease v reducethedifficultyortroubleofExample Theydidthistoeasetheireconomiccrisis Unit2CompanyProfiles 3praise v speakfavourablyandwithadmirationof称赞Example Shepraisedherdaughter shardwork 4Prove v beshowntobesuch turnout原来是 证明是Example Theplanprovedtobeafailure 5Compete v trytowinsomethingincompetitionwithsomeoneelseExample Thetwocompaniesarecompetingforacontract Unit2CompanyProfiles 6Distinctive adj ofafeaturethathelpstodistinguishapersonorthingExample adistinctiveoutfitintendedtoidentifythosewhowearitasmemberofaspecificgroup 7Significant adj importantineffectormeaningExample 1 TheirchangeofplanisstrangebutIdon tthinkitissignificant 2 Doyouthinkso 助动词协助动词提问或否定 Unit2CompanyProfiles 8Recognition n thestateorqualityofbeingrecognizedoracknowledged认识 识别 认可Example ThetownhasalteredoutofallrecognitionsinceIwaslasthere 9Strategy n anelaborateandsystematicplanofaction战略 策略Example Ithinkweshouldworkoutastrategytodealwiththissituation Unit2CompanyProfiles 10notion n avagueideainwhichsomeconfidenceisplacedExample eventuallyIputthemapaway butthenotionofgoingtoAlaskalingeredon 11frequency n thenumberofoccurrenceswithinagiventimeperiod频率Example Accidentsonthathighwayarehappeningwithincreasingfrequency Unit2CompanyProfiles TranslationExercise 1这个星期你每天都迟到 对此你如何解释 accountfor Howdoyouaccountforthefactthatyouhavebeenlateeverydaythisweek 2政府已经承诺改善落后地区人民的生活条件 commitoneselfto TheGovernmenthascommitteditselftoimprovingthelifeconditionsofthepeoplelivingintheunderdevelopedareas Unit2CompanyProfiles 3根据最新报道 这次火车交通事故造成多名乘客死亡 resultin Accordingtothelatestreport thetrainaccidentresultedinthedeathofseveralpassengers 4多呼吸新鲜空气有助于身体健康 contributeto Plentyoffreshaircontributestogoodhealth Unit2Companyprofiles 5他试图竞争学校学生会主席 但是没有成功 competewith Heattemptedtocompeteforthepositionofchairmanofthestudents union buthedidn tgetinsucceed 6经过一年辛勤的努力 公司本年度目标全部都达到 Throughoutoneyearindustriouswork thecompanyhasachievedallitsgoalsthisyear Unit2CompanyProfiles 1这一方法证明是非常成功的 prove Thismethodhasprovedtobeverysuccessful 2我们生了病才知道健康的价值 theworthof Wewon tknowtheworthofhealthuntilweareill 3这种表演很受大学生的欢迎 bepopularwith Thiskindofperformancewasverypopularwithcollegestudents Unit2CompanyProfiles 4人们认识到吸烟有害健康 Itisrecognizedthat Itisrecognizedthatsmokingisbadtoone shealth 5学习一件事情的主要方法是去做这件事情 Thebestwayto Thebestwaytolearnsomethingistodoit 6他们将和来自全世界的游泳选手进行比赛 competewith Theywillcompetewithswimmersfromacrosstheworld Unit2CompanyProfiles 7我们不能解决所有问题 但肯定能减轻他们的痛苦 easeone ssuffering Wecan tsolvealltheproblems butwecertainlycaneasetheirsuffering 8那天晚上我玩得很开心 晚会上的其他人也都一样 sodid Ihadalotoffunthateveningandsodideveryoneelseattheparty Unit2CompanyProfiles PleasevisitthesewebisiteandtrytoexplaincompanyprofilesofthemwithEnglish 1Http 苹果美国2Http 伯克希尔 哈撒韦美国3Http www toyota co jp en丰田汽车日本4Http 谷歌美国5Http 强生美国6Http 宝洁美国7Http 联邦快递美国8Http 西南航空美国9Http 通用电气美国10Http 微软美国 Unit2CompanyProfiles Homework1 Translationexerciseonpage29andpage33Homework2 Generalwritingonpage35 Descriptionofanorganization Submissiondate Sunday11October2009 Unit2Companyprofiles Inclassexercise Visitor whatbusinessdoesyourcompanymainlyengagein 从事 1You 我们一直从事汽车进口业务 Visitor Howmanybranchofficesdoyouhave 2You 在中国有3家 Unit2Companyprofiles Visitor whereisyourheadoffice 3You 在多伦多 Visitor whatwerethesaleslastyear 4You 大约一亿八千万元 Visitor whatisyourmarketshare 5You 大约10 Unit3Purchaseandpayment Learningobjective 1Onlinecreditcardsarenotcompletelyreliableinsomeway2Howtotakeadvantageoftheinternetinbusiness3Talkingaboutproductsandprices Unit3PurchaseandPayment SummaryoftextAWhatareinfluencesofusingonlinecreditcards Sellersobtainedgreatprofitatthecostofcustomer shighrisk Onlinesellersoversimplifiedtheprocessoftakingsecuritymeasures ISPshouldtakeresponsibilityformovingE mailaccountstonewserversandlockingdataasearlyaspossible Unit3PurchaseandPayment Backgroundknowledge WhatisFOB freeonboard 离岸价 FOBalsomeanstotalpirceofproductspaidbysellersbeforeloadedshipleavesfromdepartureport Buyersshouldberesponsibleforplacinganorderofship FOB即为装运港船上交货 指卖方在指定装运港于货物越过船舷时完成交付 Unit3PurchaseandPayment WhatisCIF costinsuranceandfreight Costofdeliveryandinsuranceofproductsarepaidbysellersfromloadedporttodestinationport Otherpaymentsarepaidbybuyersafterproductsareloadedonship 成本加保险费加运费 指当货物在装运港越过船舷时 实际为装运船舱内 卖方即完成交货 货物自装运港到目的港的运费保险费等由卖方支付 CIF中一般用PORTTOPORT即港至港条款 启运港的费用由卖方承担 目的港的费用则由买方承担 但货物装船后发生的损坏及灭失的风险由买方承担 Unit3PurchaseandPayment Importantvocabulary1Involve v makesthnecessaryasaresultTheschemeinvolvescomputers Thejobinvolvedmeinlondon 2Spans v n v Extendover stretchacrossHisknowledgespansmanydifferentareas n Distanceorpartbetweentwospecifictimeorplaces Thebridgecrossestheriverisasinglespan 3Prospective adj expectedtobeortooccurShewillshowthehousetoaprospectivebuyer Unit3PurchaseandPayment 4Instantly adv atonce immediatelyPleasetellmeinstantlywhenhearrives 5Considerable adj greatinamountorsizeSheboughtthepianoatconsiderableexpense 6Profitable adj bringingprofitoradvantageItwouldbemoreprofitabletocombinethetwofactories 7Expand v becomegreaterinsizeOurforeigntradehasexpandedgreatlyinrecentyears Unit3PurchaseandPayment TextGrammar 1MyneighborswerecomplainingthattheirE Bayaccountshadbeen hijacked tobuyandsellgoodsonline 过去完成时是描述在过去某一时间之前就完成的动作 即过去的过去 这个过去的时刻通常用by before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示 也可以用一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示 Unit3PurchaseandPayment 常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有 1Bytheendoflastweek2Bythattime3Longbefore4WhenIarrived5Sinceheleft6Beforethatyear7BeforeIarrivedExample Bytheendofyesterday wehadreceivedover1000lettersfromallovertheworld Unit3PurchaseandPayment 过去完成时用来表示未曾实现的愿望或打算动词hope wish plan want mean intend attempt thought expect等表示打算 计划 希望 试图 认为等的动词用于过去完成时表示本打算做而未作 Example Ihadhopedtobebacklastnight butIdidn tcatchthetrain Unit3PurchaseandPayment 2Whenthenewpasswords whichebayhappilysenttotheuser se mailaccounts arrived theattackerswerewaitingtopickthemup 过去进行时主要用来表示过去某个时间正在进行的行为或正存在的状态 1 表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作 时间状语有then atthatmoment atthattime atthetime thistimeyesterday Hismainpreoccupationatthattimewasgettingenoughtoeat Unit3PurchaseandPayment 2 用于描写故事情景 或提供故事发生的时间背景Thefirewasburningfiercely Childrenwerecrying Womenwererunningaboutandmenweretryingtoputitout 3 表示过去将要发生的动作Theaudiencewasbecomingrestless 4 表示礼貌Iwaswonderingifwecouldseehertomorrow 5 表示特定情绪ShewasalwaysringingmeupwhenIwasinbusiness 我出差时她总不停地给我打电话 表示厌烦 Unit3PurchaseandPayment 注意 过去进行时往往表示未完成 而一般过去时往往表示完成 Example ShestudiedinLondonlastyear 去年她在伦敦学习过 ShewasstudyinginLondonlastyear Idon tknowifshehasreturned 她去年在伦敦学习 不知她是否回来了 Unit3PurchaseandPayment 3ItsohappenedthatonDecember18myISPhadmoved7500e mailaccountstoanewserver 形式主语it替代主语从句 that从句做作主语时通常用it作先行词 而将that从句置于句末 常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有如下几种 Unit3PurchaseandPayment 1It 系动词 形容词 that从句Itislikelythathecan tcometothepartytonight 2It 系动词 名词 that从句Itisourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace 3It be 动词的ed形式 that从句Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident 4It 特殊动词 that从句IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled Unit3PurchaseandPayment 4Youcandesignaformthatletsprospectiveclientsfillintheirownquotationandsenditinstantlybye mailtoyou 宾语从句用法 主句中是一个包含主谓宾的简单句 用that引导的从句来修饰主句中的宾语 that在从句中只是连接词不充当任何成分 Unit3Purchaseandpayment Translationexercise 1盗贼从着家银行偷走了一大笔现金 Thethievesmadeoffwithalargesumofmoneyfromthebank 2高血压使千百万人有患心脏病的危险 Highbloodpressureplacesmillionsofpeopleattheriskofheartdisease 3在做任何决定之前都要慎重思考 Thinktwicebeforeyoumakeanyimportantdecisions 三思而后行 Unit3Purchaseandpayment 4AlargepartoftheAfricancontinentisindangerofbecomingadesert 5Notoncehashesuggestedagoodwaytodealwithanyproblem Unit3Purchaseandpayment 1Inthemountainareas growingnumbersofilliteratepeoplenowhaveaccesstoeducation 2Youcan tsitonthefenceforever youhavetomakeadecisionaboutit 3Asyoucansee thereisalotoftradeinformationavailable Unit3Purchaseandpayment 4Shecalledupthemanagerandaskedifshecouldgetadiscount 5Successinthisfieldrequiresintelligence andtalent andaboveallhardwork Unit3Purchaseandpayment E businessmeansopportunitiesWhatisE business E businessderivedfromsuchtermsasE mailandE commerceistheconductofbusinessontheinternetnotonlybuyingandsellingbutalsoservicingcustomersandcollaboratingwithbusinesspartners ThesignofagoodE businessisnotjustbeingabletosellbooks butknowinghowmanybooksyouhavesold andtowhom alsotoanswerquestionslikewhatbooksaretheybuyingnext Unit3Purchaseandpayment E commerce electroniccommerce E commerceisthebuyingandsellingofgoodsandservicesontheinternet especiallytheworldwideweb Inpracticethistermandanewerterm e businessareoftenusedinterchangeably 可交替地 Unit3PurchaseandPayment Putinuse A Canyoushowusyourcatalogue B 当然可以 这是我们部分热销商品的目录 A Thankyou We reverymuchinterestedinsomeofthem Hereisanenquirysheetwehavedrawnup B 谢谢 我们会仔细研究的 Unit3PurchaseandPayment A Howabouttheavailabilityofyourproducts B 多数商品可以稳定供货 A DoyouquoteFOBorCIF B 我们通常按抵岸价报价 A Themarketatourendhasbecomeprettycompetitive Inordertosellsuccessfullythere yourgoodswillhavetobecompetitiveinpriceaswell B 您会发现我们的价格很有吸引力 Unit3PurchaseandPayment Homework1Translationexercisesonpage47and50 2Generalwritingonpage55Question6 WriteshortparagraphstodescribethepictureswiththeinformationgivenbelowinChinesebesidesthepictures Unit4Trainingacrosscultures 1learningobjective Culturedifferenceswouldcausestereotypesandmisunderstandings WhyshouldyoukeepchangingintheITage Conferenceinvitation Unit4Trainingacrosscultures 1Compliment n expressionofpraise admiration approval Complimentsbonsth对某人表示赞美钦佩 Icomplimentedheronherskillfulperformance 2Elucidate v makesthclear elucidation n Youhavenotunderstood allowmetoelucidate Thisrequireselucidation 此事需要解释清楚 3Irritate v makesbangry irritation n Excessivemedicationcanirritatesurroundingskin 过量药物可能刺激周围皮肤 4Perspective n ThewaythatyouobservesomthingHeseesthingsintheirrightperspective 他观察事物很正确 5Startle v giveasuddenshockorsurpirsetoIwasstartledtohearhisnews Iwasstartledbyhisnews Unit4Trainingacrosscultures 6Escalate causesthtoincreaseThegovernmentisdeliberatelyescalatingthewarforpoliticalreasons 政府出于政治目的蓄意使战争逐步升级7Obsolete outofdate nolongerusedThehorse drawnploughisnowobsoleteinmostEuropeancountries 马拉的犁现在欧洲多数国家均已经不再使用 8Pertain v beconnectedwithPertaintosth与某事物有关联Iamafraidthatyourremarkdoesnotpertaintothequestion 恐怕你的话与这一问题不相干 9Seniority beingseniorinage rank 年长 级别高 资格老seniorcitizen退休的人Shouldpromotionbethroughmeritorseniority 晋升应该凭成绩还是靠年资 10Strenuous makinggreatefforts engergeticDiscontinuestrenuousexerciseduringillness 生病期间暂停激烈运动 Unit4TrainingAcrossCultures GrammarAnalysis1WhatinterestedmemostwasthewayVietnameseconceptsandvaluesweretranslatedintoEnglish Wh 类连接代词 who whom whose what whoever whomever whosever whatever等 和连接副词 when where how why whenever wherever however what也可不表示疑问 表示 的事 话 东西 Wh类连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句可放于句首也可以放在句尾 放于句尾需要用形式主语替代wh从句 Unit4Trainingacrosscultures Example Whatwecan tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwealreadyhave 我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西更好 不可转换为形式主语从句 Itseemsbetterthanwhatwehavewhatwecan tget Whatimpressmemostishissincerityanddiligence 令我印象最深刻的是他的诚挚和勤勉 Itishissincerityanddiligencewhatimpressmemost Unit4Trainingacrosscultures 2Collegesexplainedthattheymeantthattheywantedtoperformthissmallserviceforme andthatIdidn thavetothankthem orevennoticewhattheyhaddone That引导宾语从句时无词义 不作任何成分 口语中一般省略 Example that引导的宾语从句Ithink that youshouldturntotheteacherforhelp Hesaid that hecouldfinishhisdesignbeforesupper 宾语从句连接词主要有 that if whether wh 在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句 宾语从句可分为三类 动词的宾语从句 介词的宾语从句 和形容词的宾语从句 Unit4Trainingacosscultures if whether引导的宾语从句If whether引导宾语从句时在从句中不作任何成分 但有具体的含义 是否 If whether不能省略 Hehasn tdecidedif whetherhewillgoabroadforfurtherstudy Iwonderwhetherwestayorwhetherwego Unit4Trainingacrosscultures wh类词引导的宾语从句Wh类词包括连接代词 who whom what which whoever whichever 等和连接副词 when where why how whenever wherever however 等 Hewantedtoknowwhathavebeendonetoprev